Sociolinguistics analysis on language style form at the movie script of Papillon

This research discusses language style at the movie script of Papillon. This research aims to classify the type of language style and the functions of the speakers’ utterances in using language style at the movie script of Papillon. The data source of this research was YouTube “Papillon” which was aired on September, 26 th 2018. This study utilized theories of Martin Joos' types of language styles and Roman Jakobson's function. Data from the Papillon Movie Script. Researchers have implemented qualitative research designs to answer the research question. The researchers used documentation as a tool for research. The researchers found 30 language-style data sets as a result of their investigation. The scientists discovered many linguistic styles. The styles are as follows: 1 data point or 3%, 6 data points or 20%, were discovered in frozen style; 11 data points or 37%, casual style 6 to 20, and intimate style 6 to 20 were found in consultancies. The following five roles were revealed in the language style: expressive, guiding, referential, metalinguistic and phasic. There were 6 data or 20 percent of expressive function; the directive works 3 or 10 percent, the reference function found 8 or 27%, the metalinguistic function discovered 7 or 23% and the phatic function discovered 6 data or 20%. No poetic function is available in the film.


INTRODUCTION
Language is one of the tools used in your everyday lives by everybody. Language is a tool for communications that plays an important part in communication (Hutajulu and Herman, 2019:29). To communicate with others, people use language. They use different languages when talking to others in different situations. People can interact and communicate with others through language, and people can also share information in dialog with others. In the dialogue, people can convey their own information, so that they can interact and communicate.
Many languages, including Spanish, Japanese, Mandarin and more, exist worldwide. English is the only language spoken by people around the world that has become an international language. English is a global language that is used as a means of communication between nations that speak different languages. According to Mappiasse   There are many kinds of languages used in society. The language of society is usually different in every place because every society has a different culture. Sociolinguistic can be defined as the detailed study of social language. Every society has a relationship between language and society. It becomes a language that becomes social identity. Wardhaugh (2010) said there ar e three possibilities for language to become a social identity. One is that social design may impact or decide language structure or potentially conduct. The second possible relationship is directly opposed to the original one: linguistic structure and behav ior may influence or determine social construction. Thirdly, the impact is two-way: language and society can affect each other.
Therefore, language and society are interrelated, and society or language can be isolated, because language can be the personality of society.
As quoted in Wardhaugh (2010:16), Fishman claimed that the study of society-connected language is called sociolinguistic, which consists of two words: society is social and related, and language is linguistic. People use a variety of language styl es in communication. For example, the language used in meetings is formal, not the language used in daily communication with friends. In language, certain words also play a very active role in certain sentences. As a result, Meyerhoff, as cited in Sipahutar (2018:2), claims that language style can also depict a person's character, attitude, or state. Human language style can be influenced by a person's state. When the president delivers a speech in front of the residents, for example, formal language will be used. This is due to the fact that the setting is formal and has specific purposes for conveying such data. When a father converses with a mother, the circumstances are completely unique. In general, father used intimate language with mother to the extent that it is justifiable.
When two people have a close relationship, they will use personal language. For example, between life partners, they usually use "honey," "baby," or another call name that is unique to their current situation, as it were.
The job of language in communication is to communicate information or ideas from the speaker to the listener. It has a wide range of styles and each style plays a significant part in the achievement of social interaction and comprehension in language of the significance of social communication. Its style also helps people who speak the language to understand. Joos (1967) asserts that "language has five different styles: frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate." Language is an interact of communications through language often reflective of the spirit and the character of the author, or language user, as defined by Keraf, and referred to by Anekawati, Nababan, and Santosa (2020). Their discussion uses a range of language patterns in this film. Language studies is often a social context study. Language examines. As we learn multiple linguistic types, it is difficult to detach from society. The talk or dialog is a case of a style of the language formed by the characters of the film and the words in which the dialog is shaped. The language style is categorised into five varieties, depending on the formality level, according to Joos in Ukthin (2021). These style are intimate, frozen, formal, advisory and informal. The way people talk depends not only of regional and social dialect but also of circumstance, according to Salzman (1998:167) at Tarigan (2016:12). Style refers to the distinct manner people speak in a particular setting.
One way to learn about language style is to watch a movie. A film, usually referred to as a movie, is a kind of visual communication that tells stories for pleasure with moving images and sounds (Maraden, 2016). The actors in movies introduce the conversation by presenting the dialogues written from the movie script. For these reasons, watching a movie is a fun way to learn about different language styles. Every human being employs a language style in their everyday speech and communication. A movie to present the expressions that are generally used in human life since film is really a portrayal of genuine discussion in characteristic culture. Particularly film is one of the medium where to establish kinds of language style. The creation of film is additionally has a social measurement for a few reasons. Film producers are citizen. Each film has one of a kind style. It can show from the exchange of the character in the film. Each character has the distinctive of the style when they talk, particularly of the opponent or hero.
Researchers are interested in analyzing language styles, because of some problems, sometimes there are still communication misunderstandings in daily life. How people use their own styles to communicate, and when to use various language styles. It is DISCOVERY l ANALYSIS ARTICLE © 2021 Discovery Scientific Society. All Rights Reserved. ISSN 2278-5469 EISSN 2278-5450 l OPEN ACCESS Page722 typical of this language to speak the languages of official or casual, ordinary or secret, which listens to us, be it friends, parents or aliens. The researchers seek to ensure that the five language types are well understood by readers so they may use them in their daily lives. The language style of Sapriyani et al is the preferred language approach according to Ducrot and Todorov (1993:44), quoted in Sapriyani et al (2013:58). It refers to the way in which multiple terms are utilized to convey the same information and to the variances in the language used in different contexts and requiremen ts. On the other side, the linguistic style is the way in which we express ourselves, formally or informally. In this situation, the researchers would like to dete rmine which language styles are frequent throughout the world in various circumstances.
[1] For example: Nannete: Papi, I love you The statement above is categorizedas intimate style because occurred in relax situation. Joos theory explained that the word generally signal intimacy such as "Dear, Darling, Honey, and the other names.It excludes of public information and shows the intimate relation or closeness. Papillon : Julot, make sure no one takes this hammock.
These chats are described as informal since they happened in a relatively relaxed environment between friends, namely the name. Joos's theories suggest that informal styles are employed to converse with our friends or sometimes family members in our relaxed, typical circumstances.
A few scientists have researched linguistic style. Lailah (2015), for example, undertook a study entitled Language Analysis Used in the movie "Two Fasters and Two Furious." The study tries to recognize the many sorts of styles of language, when utilized in films, using the theory of Martin Joos. The film only used four language styles: frozen, consultive, informal and intimate. The film was found by Lailah. Lailah's study differs from Lailah's. The research purpose. In this study, however, researchers seek to determine the role of the language in a film Lailah discussed the numerous language models.
Based on the information presented above, researchers are interested in applying Martin Joos' theory to film analysis. The researchers used the movie "Papillon" as data because the researchers discovered that the conversation in the entire scene almost always contains style, and the characters' speaking styles differ. This study only looks at the different types of language styles and how they function in movies.

Design of the Research
Two types of research are available: qualitative and quantitative. In this study the scientists used a qualitative approach to the library research design. In order to analyze the subject, the researchers used the descriptive qualitative design. This research is most appropriate for analysis and research, because a detailed description of the linguistic style is expected to result.
According to Silalahi (2015:63), qualitative research is when information is gathered through words or pictures rather than numbers. Furthermore, qualitative methods are used to describe data, according to Purba and Herman (2020:25). One of the characteristics of the qualitative method is the ability to comprehend the process we must deal with based on the settings; the location of the research (Herman et al, 2019).
The data from qualitative research is not calculated, but rather displayed through a description of the outcome. Researchers The research is aimed at obtaining data. The data are information or data used to discuss or to decide on a research question response, according Arikunto (2010:129), . Papillon film script is the source of the data. The examined number of data is 30. The film is 133 minutes in length. This movie was published at 9 September 2017. The researchers chose this movie as the object because the researchers found that the conversation in entire scene almost contains style, and the style of the characters when they speak is different.

Instruments of the Research
A research instrument is a device that collects and analyzes data from subjects related to the research topic. It is critical to select the best instrument for the type of research, and qualitative research is the type of research. Qualitative research methods are, according to Sugiyono (2012), methodologies used in research to study the conditions of natural objects with researchers acting as the major data collecting participant. Furthermore, Ary et al., (2010:431) state that the most commonly used data collection methods in qualitative research are interviews, observations, questionnaires, and documentation. Interview is an activity that involves both the interviewer and the interviewee; the interviewer will ask the question, and the interviewee will respond. Observation is an activity that involves paying close attention to something or someone in order to learn more about them. A questionnaire is a method of collecting data that consists of asking questions or making statements. Documentation is an extremely useful source of information.
The researchers used You-Tube and a documentation technique to collect data for this study. You-Tube was used to search for the movie, and documentation was used to collect the script of Papillon, which was obtained from the Internet.

Technique of Data Collection
The data for this study was collected through the use of literature techniques. Sugiyono (2008:240) stated that documents and pictures can be written by people who can be used to obtain information . Researchers classified language styles according to Joos (1967) in Ukhtin (2021) and discuss language styles. In short, when analyzing data, you sho uld also follow the steps below: 1. Searching the movie and the script in internet 2. Downloading the movie from cinemakeren21.com 3. Documenting the script of the movie 4. Watching the film "Papillon" over and over again while reading the transcript

Technique of Data Analysis
Analyzing data, according to Nainggolan et al (2021), is a process that systematically finds and organizes data derived from interviews, observations, and documentation . When analyzing data from this study, the researchers choose to apply various methodologies for accurate data analyzes. The researchers' first step is to compile a list of the data containing the language patterns used in the Papillon movie script. The researchers then classified them based on Martin Joos' theory's language style (1967). Furthermore, the researchers applied Jakobson's theory to analyze functions in language style.
When analyzing the data, the following steps are also performed: 1. Watching the movie and found the language style.
2. Underlining the language style based on the theory of Martin Joos 3. The films collect the data by getting the discussion screenplay that takes place in the film.
4. Identifying each transcript of the dialogue in the movie in order to find the language style that used in the utterances.

5.
Classifying the language styles. The data are selected and classified into the five language styles based on Martin Joos's theory.
6. Analyzing and discussing the significances of the data.
7. Drawing some conclusions and suggestions. In the final step, the researchersdrew some conclusion about the data analysis and providing some suggestion.

Research Findings
Like in the Introduction, the aim of this study is to find out the types of language in the Papillon movie script and the functions in language style of the speaker in the Papillon movie screenplay. The researchers present a concise picture of the employment of the language style and function in the film screenplay.

Types of Language Style
The researchers found 30 language-style data based on data analysis. The following table provides the linguistic statistics presenting each other's total number and frequency. The researchers found five kinds of language style based on the table above. They are intimate, frozen, formal and consultative style. They are casual. All types show the frequency of each other by diagram.

Figure 1. Types of Language Style at the Movie Script of Papillon
According to the chart above, consultative style is the most common type of language style used by the character in the Papillon movie script. The researchers discovered five different types of language styles in the Papillon script. There is one data point for frozen style, six data points for formal style, eleven data points for consultative style, six data points for casual style, and six data points for intimate style. The researchers discovered formal style 6 data (20%), consultative style 11 data (37%), casual style 6 data (20%), intimate style 6 data (20%), and 1 data for frozen style (3 percent).

The functions of the speakers' utterances in using language style
Language has in general some features used by human needs as a means of expressing ourselves, communicating, organizing,

Page725
The researchers are analyzing the functions of language styles in this study with Herbert's explanation because they are clearer than others. After analyzing the data, he researchers discovered five functions of language style based on the table above. These are the expressive function, the directive function, the referential function, the metalinguistic functions, and the phatic function. To know the frequency of each other, all functions are displayed in chart form.

Figure 2. The functions of the speakers' utterances in using language style at the movie script of Papillon
The function of speakers' utterances can be divided in to six categories; they are expressive function, directive function, referential function, metalinguistic functions, and phatic function and poetic function. All the utterances produced by the speaker delivered well. Based on the data, the researchers found that are 5 functions that happened at the movie they are 6 data of expressive function, 3 data of directive function, 8 data of referential function, 7 data of metalinguistic function, and 6 phatic function. There is no poetic function at the movie. The researchers also found that there are 20% expressive, 10% directive, 27% referential, 23% metalinguistic and 20% phatic. There is no poetic function at the movie.

DISCUSSION
In this circumstance, we must utilize some language to communicate correctly. It refers to the way different terms and linguistic variations are utilized in different contexts or needs to convey the same information. In other possibilities, Ducrot and Todorov, as The researchers discussed the whole data after evaluating the data and answered questions about research/research. The researchers selected 30 data containing different kinds of language in the film. The linguistic types contain 1-data (3%), 6-data (20%) in the official way, 11-data in consultative style (37%), 6-data in informal style (20%) and six-data intimate (20 percent).
Based on the results of this investigation, the researchers identified some distinctions between this study and earlier studies. The functions of linguistic styles are also essential in this study. The speaker speaks all the functions of linguistic styles. Because each function plays a significant effect in language styles. It's correct to do that. The talk uses the expressive function to communicate your feelings. This directive function is used to persuade everyone to do something. Then the reference function of 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%