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Article Open Access February 24, 2025

Socioeconomic Status, Trauma, Cognitive Function, Impulsivity, Reward Salience, and Future Substance Use: Role of Left Caudate Connectivity with the Cingulo-Opercular Network

Shervin Assari 1, 2, 3,*, Hossein Zare 4, 5, Golnoush Akhlaghipour 3 and Mario F Mendez 6, 7
1
Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
2
Department of Urban Public Health, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
3
Marginalization-Related Diminished Returns (MDRs) Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
4
Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
5
School of Business, University of Maryland Global Campus (UMGC), Adelphi, USA
6
Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
7
Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, USA
Publihed in: Current Research in Public Health (Volume 1, Issue 1, 2025)
Page(s): 46-61
DOI: 10.31586/jcn.2025.1264
Received
October 29, 2024
Revised
December 21, 2024
Accepted
February 17, 2025
Published
February 24, 2025
Keywords
Resting-State Functional Connectivity; Left Caudate; Cingulo-Opercular Network; Socioeconomic Status; Trauma; Cognitive Function; Impulsivity; Depression; Substance Use
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright: Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Scientific Publications
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APA Style
Assari, S. , Assari, S. Zare, H. , Zare, H. Akhlaghipour, G. , & Akhlaghipour, G. (2025). Socioeconomic Status, Trauma, Cognitive Function, Impulsivity, Reward Salience, and Future Substance Use: Role of Left Caudate Connectivity with the Cingulo-Opercular Network. Current Research in Public Health, 1(1), 46-61. https://doi.org/10.31586/jcn.2025.1264
ACS Style
Assari, S. ; Assari, S. Zare, H. ; Zare, H. Akhlaghipour, G. ; Akhlaghipour, G. Socioeconomic Status, Trauma, Cognitive Function, Impulsivity, Reward Salience, and Future Substance Use: Role of Left Caudate Connectivity with the Cingulo-Opercular Network. Current Research in Public Health 2025 1(1), 46-61. https://doi.org/10.31586/jcn.2025.1264
Chicago/Turabian Style
Assari, Shervin, Shervin Assari. Hossein Zare, Hossein Zare. Golnoush Akhlaghipour, and Golnoush Akhlaghipour. 2025. "Socioeconomic Status, Trauma, Cognitive Function, Impulsivity, Reward Salience, and Future Substance Use: Role of Left Caudate Connectivity with the Cingulo-Opercular Network". Current Research in Public Health 1, no. 1: 46-61. https://doi.org/10.31586/jcn.2025.1264
AMA Style
Assari S, Assari SZare H, Zare HAkhlaghipour G, Akhlaghipour G. Socioeconomic Status, Trauma, Cognitive Function, Impulsivity, Reward Salience, and Future Substance Use: Role of Left Caudate Connectivity with the Cingulo-Opercular Network. Current Research in Public Health. 2025; 1(1):46-61. https://doi.org/10.31586/jcn.2025.1264 
@Article{crph1264,
AUTHOR = {Assari, Shervin and Zare, Hossein and Akhlaghipour, Golnoush and Mendez, Mario F},
TITLE = {Socioeconomic Status, Trauma, Cognitive Function, Impulsivity, Reward Salience, and Future Substance Use: Role of Left Caudate Connectivity with the Cingulo-Opercular Network},
JOURNAL = {Current Research in Public Health},
VOLUME = {1},
YEAR = {2025},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {46-61},
URL = {https://www.scipublications.com/journal/index.php/JCN/article/view/1264},
ISSN = {2831-5162},
DOI = {10.31586/jcn.2025.1264},
ABSTRACT = {Background: While understanding how corticostriatal connectivity is associated with socioeconomic status (SES), trauma exposure, cognitive function, reward salience, impulsivity, and future substance use is essential to identifying neurobiological pathways that contribute to health disparities and behavioral outcomes, very few studies have tested the role of left caudate resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) with the cingulo-opercular network as a proxy of corticostriatal connectivity in social, cognitive, and behavioral processes. Objective: This study investigates the associations between left caudate-cingulo-opercular connectivity and multiple biopsychosocial domains, including low SES, high trauma exposure (financial and life events), cognitive function, reward salience, impulsivity, depression, and future substance use (tobacco and marijuana use). Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were analyzed to assess connectivity between the left caudate and the cingulo-opercular network. Data on socioeconomic status, trauma exposure, cognitive performance, and mental health were collected from participants. Future substance use behaviors were evaluated through longitudinal follow-ups. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to examine relationships between corticostriatal connectivity and the targeted domains. Results: Corticostriatal hypoconnectivity was associated with lower SES, higher trauma exposure, poorer cognitive function, heightened reward salience, higher impulsivity, and history of depression. Additionally, corticostriatal hypoconnectivity at baseline predicted future tobacco and marijuana use during follow-up years. Conclusion: Corticostriatal hypoconnectivity, particularly the rsFC between the left caudate and the cingulo-opercular network, may represent a potential mechanism linking a wide range of social, emotional, and behavioral problems in youth. These findings suggest that corticostriatal hypoconnectivity could serve as a neurobiological marker for identifying individuals at risk for depression, low cognitive function, high reward salience, impulsivity, and substance use, emphasizing the interplay between socioeconomic and neurocognitive factors in shaping behavioral health trajectories.},
}
%0 Journal Article
%A Assari, Shervin
%A Zare, Hossein
%A Akhlaghipour, Golnoush
%A Mendez, Mario F
%D 2025
%J Current Research in Public Health

%@ 2831-5162
%V 1
%N 1
%P 46-61

%T Socioeconomic Status, Trauma, Cognitive Function, Impulsivity, Reward Salience, and Future Substance Use: Role of Left Caudate Connectivity with the Cingulo-Opercular Network
%M doi:10.31586/jcn.2025.1264
%U https://www.scipublications.com/journal/index.php/JCN/article/view/1264

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Assari, Shervin
AU  - Zare, Hossein
AU  - Akhlaghipour, Golnoush
AU  - Mendez, Mario F
TI  - Socioeconomic Status, Trauma, Cognitive Function, Impulsivity, Reward Salience, and Future Substance Use: Role of Left Caudate Connectivity with the Cingulo-Opercular Network
T2  - Current Research in Public Health
PY  - 2025
VL  - 1
IS  - 1
SN  - 2831-5162
SP  - 46
EP  - 61
UR  - https://www.scipublications.com/journal/index.php/JCN/article/view/1264
AB  - Background: While understanding how corticostriatal connectivity is associated with socioeconomic status (SES), trauma exposure, cognitive function, reward salience, impulsivity, and future substance use is essential to identifying neurobiological pathways that contribute to health disparities and behavioral outcomes, very few studies have tested the role of left caudate resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) with the cingulo-opercular network as a proxy of corticostriatal connectivity in social, cognitive, and behavioral processes. Objective: This study investigates the associations between left caudate-cingulo-opercular connectivity and multiple biopsychosocial domains, including low SES, high trauma exposure (financial and life events), cognitive function, reward salience, impulsivity, depression, and future substance use (tobacco and marijuana use). Methods: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were analyzed to assess connectivity between the left caudate and the cingulo-opercular network. Data on socioeconomic status, trauma exposure, cognitive performance, and mental health were collected from participants. Future substance use behaviors were evaluated through longitudinal follow-ups. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to examine relationships between corticostriatal connectivity and the targeted domains. Results: Corticostriatal hypoconnectivity was associated with lower SES, higher trauma exposure, poorer cognitive function, heightened reward salience, higher impulsivity, and history of depression. Additionally, corticostriatal hypoconnectivity at baseline predicted future tobacco and marijuana use during follow-up years. Conclusion: Corticostriatal hypoconnectivity, particularly the rsFC between the left caudate and the cingulo-opercular network, may represent a potential mechanism linking a wide range of social, emotional, and behavioral problems in youth. These findings suggest that corticostriatal hypoconnectivity could serve as a neurobiological marker for identifying individuals at risk for depression, low cognitive function, high reward salience, impulsivity, and substance use, emphasizing the interplay between socioeconomic and neurocognitive factors in shaping behavioral health trajectories.
DO  - Socioeconomic Status, Trauma, Cognitive Function, Impulsivity, Reward Salience, and Future Substance Use: Role of Left Caudate Connectivity with the Cingulo-Opercular Network
TI  - 10.31586/jcn.2025.1264
ER  -