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Article Open Access March 09, 2025

Gender Differences in Quit Rates in a Tobacco Cessation Program: In Search of Demographic, Socioeconomic, Health, or Behavioral Explanatory Mechanisms

Payam Sheikhattari 1, 2, Rifath Ara Alam Barsha 3, 4 and Shervin Assari 5,*
1
Prevention Sciences Research Center, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA
2
School of Community Health & Policy, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD, USA
3
Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
4
University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
5
Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Publihed in: Current Research in Public Health (Volume 5, Issue 1, 2025)
Page(s): 30-41
DOI: 10.31586/jbls.2025.6017
Received
January 02, 2025
Revised
February 19, 2025
Accepted
March 05, 2025
Published
March 09, 2025
Keywords
: Gender Differences; Smoking Cessation; Tobacco Use; Intervention Effectiveness; Quit Rates
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright: Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Scientific Publications
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APA Style
Sheikhattari, P. , Barsha, R. A. A. , & Assari, S. (2025). Gender Differences in Quit Rates in a Tobacco Cessation Program: In Search of Demographic, Socioeconomic, Health, or Behavioral Explanatory Mechanisms. Current Research in Public Health, 5(1), 30-41. https://doi.org/10.31586/jbls.2025.6017
ACS Style
Sheikhattari, P. ; Barsha, R. A. A. ; Assari, S. Gender Differences in Quit Rates in a Tobacco Cessation Program: In Search of Demographic, Socioeconomic, Health, or Behavioral Explanatory Mechanisms. Current Research in Public Health 2025 5(1), 30-41. https://doi.org/10.31586/jbls.2025.6017
Chicago/Turabian Style
Sheikhattari, Payam, Rifath Ara Alam Barsha, and Shervin Assari. 2025. "Gender Differences in Quit Rates in a Tobacco Cessation Program: In Search of Demographic, Socioeconomic, Health, or Behavioral Explanatory Mechanisms". Current Research in Public Health 5, no. 1: 30-41. https://doi.org/10.31586/jbls.2025.6017
AMA Style
Sheikhattari P, Barsha RAA, Assari S. Gender Differences in Quit Rates in a Tobacco Cessation Program: In Search of Demographic, Socioeconomic, Health, or Behavioral Explanatory Mechanisms. Current Research in Public Health. 2025; 5(1):30-41. https://doi.org/10.31586/jbls.2025.6017 
@Article{crph6017,
AUTHOR = {Sheikhattari, Payam and Barsha, Rifath Ara Alam and Assari, Shervin},
TITLE = {Gender Differences in Quit Rates in a Tobacco Cessation Program: In Search of Demographic, Socioeconomic, Health, or Behavioral Explanatory Mechanisms},
JOURNAL = {Current Research in Public Health},
VOLUME = {5},
YEAR = {2025},
NUMBER = {1},
PAGES = {30-41},
URL = {https://www.scipublications.com/journal/index.php/JBLS/article/view/6017},
ISSN = {2831-5162},
DOI = {10.31586/jbls.2025.6017},
ABSTRACT = {Background: Women have consistently shown lower quit rates in tobacco cessation programs compared to men. This gender disparity persists despite comprehensive interventions and access to cessation resources. While prior studies suggest that factors such as social support, chronic disease burden, and socioeconomic status may contribute to these differences, there is limited empirical evidence to confirm these mechanisms. Aims: This study aimed to investigate potential mechanisms underlying gender differences in quit rates in a tobacco cessation program, testing whether demographic, socioeconomic, health, or behavioral factors explain the observed disparities. Methods: Participants were assigned to one of three smoking cessation interventions: an in-person program (CEASE), a self-help approach, or an online/hybrid program. The main outcome measured was smoking abstinence, evaluated three months after the intervention. Secondary analyses explored whether demographic, socioeconomic, health, or tobacco use-related factors mediated the association between gender and quit rates. Results: Women had significantly lower quit rates than men (p < 0.01). This association remained significant after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, health, and addiction-related factors. While women reported higher social support and a higher prevalence of chronic cardiometabolic conditions, these factors did not explain the gender disparity in quit rates. Conclusions: Gender differences in quit rates persist despite controlling for known factors that could influence cessation success. Although women had higher social support, they had lower quit rate. Future research should explore unmeasured variables, such as psychological, biological, and structural influences, to develop more effective cessation strategies tailored for women.},
}
%0 Journal Article
%A Sheikhattari, Payam
%A Barsha, Rifath Ara Alam
%A Assari, Shervin
%D 2025
%J Current Research in Public Health

%@ 2831-5162
%V 5
%N 1
%P 30-41

%T Gender Differences in Quit Rates in a Tobacco Cessation Program: In Search of Demographic, Socioeconomic, Health, or Behavioral Explanatory Mechanisms
%M doi:10.31586/jbls.2025.6017
%U https://www.scipublications.com/journal/index.php/JBLS/article/view/6017

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Sheikhattari, Payam
AU  - Barsha, Rifath Ara Alam
AU  - Assari, Shervin
TI  - Gender Differences in Quit Rates in a Tobacco Cessation Program: In Search of Demographic, Socioeconomic, Health, or Behavioral Explanatory Mechanisms
T2  - Current Research in Public Health
PY  - 2025
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
SN  - 2831-5162
SP  - 30
EP  - 41
UR  - https://www.scipublications.com/journal/index.php/JBLS/article/view/6017
AB  - Background: Women have consistently shown lower quit rates in tobacco cessation programs compared to men. This gender disparity persists despite comprehensive interventions and access to cessation resources. While prior studies suggest that factors such as social support, chronic disease burden, and socioeconomic status may contribute to these differences, there is limited empirical evidence to confirm these mechanisms. Aims: This study aimed to investigate potential mechanisms underlying gender differences in quit rates in a tobacco cessation program, testing whether demographic, socioeconomic, health, or behavioral factors explain the observed disparities. Methods: Participants were assigned to one of three smoking cessation interventions: an in-person program (CEASE), a self-help approach, or an online/hybrid program. The main outcome measured was smoking abstinence, evaluated three months after the intervention. Secondary analyses explored whether demographic, socioeconomic, health, or tobacco use-related factors mediated the association between gender and quit rates. Results: Women had significantly lower quit rates than men (p < 0.01). This association remained significant after adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, health, and addiction-related factors. While women reported higher social support and a higher prevalence of chronic cardiometabolic conditions, these factors did not explain the gender disparity in quit rates. Conclusions: Gender differences in quit rates persist despite controlling for known factors that could influence cessation success. Although women had higher social support, they had lower quit rate. Future research should explore unmeasured variables, such as psychological, biological, and structural influences, to develop more effective cessation strategies tailored for women.
DO  - Gender Differences in Quit Rates in a Tobacco Cessation Program: In Search of Demographic, Socioeconomic, Health, or Behavioral Explanatory Mechanisms
TI  - 10.31586/jbls.2025.6017
ER  -