Population Diversity Matters: Heterogeneity of Biopsychosocial Pathways from Socioeconomic Status to Tobacco Use via Cerebral Cortical Volume in the ABCD Study

Table 2.

Summary of multigroup structural equationmodel

    B SE 95% CI p

Racialized as White            

Outcome Predictor          

Tobacco Use Initiation            

  Total Cortical Volume -0.028 0.012 -0.053 -0.004 0.022

  Age 0.087 0.011 0.065 0.108 < 0.001

  Male -0.008 0.012 -0.033 0.016 0.493

  Income to Need Ratio -0.032 0.012 -0.054 -0.009 0.006

  Low Neighborhood Income -0.015 0.011 -0.037 0.008 0.197

             

Total Cortical Volume            

  Age -0.026 0.010 -0.045 -0.007 0.008

  Male 0.450 0.009 0.433 0.467 < 0.001

  Income to Need Ratio 0.091 0.010 0.071 0.110 < 0.001

  Married Household 0.089 0.010 0.070 0.108 < 0.001

Low Neighborhood Income -0.067 0.010 -0.087 -0.048 < 0.001

             

Racialized as Black

Tobacco Use Initiation

Total Cortical Volume -0.004 0.023 -0.048 0.040 0.865

Age 0.038 0.020 -0.002 0.077 0.063

Male -0.002 0.022 -0.045 0.042 0.931

Income to Need Ratio 0.023 0.022 -0.020 0.067 0.290

Low Neighborhood Income -0.015 0.021 -0.056 0.027 0.482

           

Total Cortical Volume

Age -0.075 0.018 -0.111 -0.040 < 0.001

Male 0.413 0.017 0.380 0.445 < 0.001

Income to Need Ratio 0.129 0.020 0.089 0.168 < 0.001

Married Household 0.090 0.018 0.054 0.126 < 0.001

Low Neighborhood Income -0.009 0.019 -0.048 0.029 0.626