Socioeconomic Drivers of Conservation Commitment: Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Ecosystem Services Provided by Beaches in Lagos State, Nigeria
Table 4.
Determinants of Willingness to Pay for Ecosystem Services Provided by Beaches
|
| Are you Willing to Pay? |
Variables |
Co-efficient |
Standard Error |
Wald |
df |
Sig. |
Exp(B) |
|
|
| Yes |
Intercept |
-4.9506 |
4613.2293 |
0.0000 |
1 |
0.9991 |
|
|
|
| Age |
-0.1218*** |
0.0468 |
6.7819 |
1 |
0.0092 |
1.1296 |
|
|
| Household Size |
-0.5985*** |
0.2301 |
6.7681 |
1 |
0.0093 |
1.8194 |
|
|
| Female |
0.1471 |
0.9640 |
0.0233 |
1 |
0.8787 |
1.1585 |
|
|
| Single |
-13.4156 |
4605.1665 |
0.0000 |
1 |
0.9977 |
0.0000 |
|
|
| Married |
-14.0202 |
4605.1662 |
0.0000 |
1 |
0.9976 |
0.0000 |
|
|
| Co-habiting/Partners |
-19.8870 |
4606.5963 |
0.0000 |
1 |
0.9966 |
0.0000 |
|
|
| Unemployed |
7.7937 |
272.6191 |
0.0008 |
1 |
0.9772 |
2425.1997 |
|
|
| Self-employed |
10.8030 |
272.6137 |
0.0016 |
1 |
0.9684 |
49167.8317 |
|
|
| Employed |
8.8594 |
272.6161 |
0.0011 |
1 |
0.9741 |
7040.1668 |
|
|
| Less than N50,000 |
-4.2999 |
3.5236 |
1.4891 |
1 |
0.2223 |
0.0136 |
|
|
| N50,000 - N149,999 |
-2.3238 |
1.2617 |
3.3924 |
1 |
0.0655 |
0.0979 |
|
|
| N150,000 - N249,999 |
-2.7297 |
1.6183 |
2.8454 |
1 |
0.0916 |
0.0652 |
|
|
| Above N249,999 |
-1.9383 |
1.3006 |
2.2210 |
1 |
0.1361 |
0.1439 |
|
|
| No formal education |
-3.9100** |
1.5553 |
6.3201 |
1 |
0.0119 |
49.8985 |
|
|
| Secondary |
1.1611 |
1.3900 |
0.6978 |
1 |
0.4035 |
3.1935 |
|
|
| Maybe |
Intercept |
25.5751 |
48.1181 |
0.2825 |
1 |
0.5951 |
|
|
|
| Age |
-0.1073*** |
0.0489 |
4.8119 |
1 |
0.0283 |
0.8983 |
|
|
| Household Size |
0.0141 |
0.0932 |
0.0229 |
1 |
0.8798 |
1.0142 |
|
|
| Female |
0.0341 |
0.4378 |
0.0061 |
1 |
0.9379 |
1.0347 |
|
|
| Single |
-16.0620*** |
0.9160 |
307.724 |
1 |
<0.001 |
1.058e-7 |
|
|
| Married |
-15.9080*** |
0.928 |
293.935 |
1 |
<0.001 |
1.234e-7 |
|
|
| Co-habiting/Partners |
-0.8960 |
421.3170 |
0.0000 |
1 |
0.9980 |
0.4080 |
|
|
| Unemployed |
-8.3010 |
48.0885 |
0.0298 |
1 |
0.8630 |
0.0002 |
|
|
| Self-employed |
-8.8940 |
48.0858 |
0.0342 |
1 |
0.8533 |
0.0001 |
|
|
| Employed |
-8.9318 |
48.0827 |
0.0345 |
1 |
0.8526 |
0.0001 |
|
|
| Less than N50,000 |
-1.7784 |
1.0036 |
3.1403 |
1 |
0.0764 |
0.1689 |
|
|
| N50,000 - N149,999 |
-0.3858 |
0.5807 |
0.4413 |
1 |
0.5065 |
0.6799 |
|
|
| N150,000 - N249,999 |
-0.5876 |
0.7042 |
0.6963 |
1 |
0.4040 |
0.5557 |
|
|
| Above N249,999 |
-1.2304 |
0.6767 |
3.3055 |
1 |
0.0690 |
0.2922 |
|
|
| No formal education |
-13.1742 |
1032.6286 |
0.0002 |
1 |
0.9898 |
0.0000 |
|
|
| Secondary |
-16.1717 |
68.4048 |
0.0559 |
1 |
0.8131 |
0.0000 |
|
|
| Model Fit Information |
|
|
| Model |
AIC |
BIC |
-2LL |
2 |
df |
Significance |
|
|
|
| Intercept |
314.043 |
320.839 |
310.043 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Final |
252.320 |
361.061 |
188.320 |
121.722 |
30 |
<0.001 |
|
|
|
| Pseudo R-squared |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Cox and Snell |
0.423 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| NagelKerke |
0.539 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| McFadden |
0.358 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Likelihood Ratio Tests |
|
|
| Effect |
AIC (Reduced Model) |
BIC (Reduced Model) |
-2LL (Reduced Model) |
2 |
df |
Significance |
|
|
|
| Intercept |
252.320 |
361.061 |
188.320 |
.000 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
| Age |
263.607 |
365.552 |
203.607 |
15.286 |
2 |
<0.001 |
|
|
|
| Household size |
255.390 |
357.335 |
195.390 |
7.070 |
2 |
0.029 |
|
|
|
| Gender |
248.349 |
350.294 |
188.349 |
0.028 |
2 |
0.986 |
|
|
|
| Marital Status |
241.745 |
330.097 |
189.745 |
1.424 |
6 |
0.964 |
|
|
|
| Employment |
249.323 |
337.676 |
197.323 |
9.003 |
6 |
0.173 |
|
|
|
| Income |
248.223 |
329.779 |
200.223 |
11.903 |
8 |
0.156 |
|
|
|
| Education |
266.211 |
361.359 |
210.211 |
21.891 |
4 |
<0.001 |
|
|
|
|
|
