Using the Concept of Precedence as an Approach to Explain the Logical Interaction and Interrelationships among Corporate Social Responsibilities: Battal's CSR Train VS. Carroll ′s CSR Pyramid

Table 1.

The Requirements Necessary to achieve the Objectives of CSRs.

Primary Responsibility

The Goal of the Commitment

Requirements

Desired result of commitment to CSRs

 

Economic

Profit maximization

Optimum utilization of available economic resources in all value chain activities.

For the Company

Supportive Responsibilities

The Goal of the Commitment

Requirements

Gaining a strong competitive position [a good reputation and competitive advantage] that will support the company's commitment to its economic responsibility in later periods

Legal

Preserving rights and regulating the relationship between the company and stakeholders.

Company Laws: The commitment of all units and departments of the company to all the administrative and financial regulations emanating from the policies adopted by the company. State laws: Respecting the economic laws within the country; respect the Laws of social justice; respect the laws that guarantee the rights of stakeholders; respect the laws that prevent negative phenomena within society; respect the laws established to improve the quality of life within the community, etc. International laws: Commitment to instruments issued by international organizations and binding international agreements.

Ethical

Achieving justice, preserving rights, improving the quality of life and the well-being of society

1) Voluntary response to everything that is right, desirable and praiseworthy from the point of view of society, whether public or private; 2) Respect for the prevailing religions in society; 3) Respecting the values, norms and traditions prevailing in society; 4) Avoiding harmful and unacceptable actions and behaviors, even if they are not criminalized by laws; 5)Adopting fair competition methods in competitive markets: 6)Not exploiting legal loopholes and avoiding opportunistic behavior to achieve economic gains;7) It is important to recognize and respect new or evolving ethical moral norms adopted by society( Carroll,1991);8) It is important to prevent ethical norms from being compromised in order to achieve corporate goals( Carroll,1991); 9) In addition to combating unethical behavior in society.

For Society as a whole

Achieving sustainable development and prosperity for current and future generations

Environmental

Improving the quality of life, achieving prosperity and sustainable development for current and future generations

1) Use of clean energy in production processes to limit the emission of gases that are destructive to the environment; 2) Producing environmentally friendly products; 3) Disposal of industrial waste in an environmentally friendly manner; 4) Non-destruction of physical components of the natural environment such as forests, rivers, mountains and seas. In short: preventing pollution of all kinds and protecting the natural environment from destruction, extinction and distortion ; 5) Combating negative phenomena and noise pollution

 

Philanthropic

Improving the quality of life within the community

1) It is important to carry out philanthropic responsibility through activities that are in line with the expectations of society( Carroll,1991); 2) It is important to carry out philanthropic responsibility without waiting for any direct or indirect benefits other than strengthening the reputation; 3) It is important to adopt charitable activities and projects that benefit the general public and not a specific group or person whenever possible; 4) It is important to adopt charitable projects that yield continuous benefits, not temporary benefits whenever possible; 5) Material and non-material assistance must be provided to those who deserve it without exclusion or discrimination; 6) It is important to support other institutions in carrying out their mission ″such as training students.″;7) It is important to carry out charitable responsibility in the areas that address the causes of the problem, not its symptoms, as much as possible;8) It is important that managers and employees participate in voluntary and charitable activities within their local communities( Carroll,1991); 9) It is important to positively interact with contemporary issues in society and to respond quickly in sudden humanitarian cases, as in cases of wars and natural disasters.

For Stakeholders

Preserving

rights and gaining benefits