Heat Exposure Predicts Earlier Childhood Pubertal Initiation, Behavioral Problems, and Tobacco Use
Table 1.
Summary of the Structural Equation Model(SEM).
|
| Independent Variable |
|
Dependent Variable |
B |
SE |
95% |
CI |
p |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Pubertal Stage (at Age 9-10) |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
0.024 |
0.010 |
0.004 |
0.044 |
0.017 |
|
|
| Age (9-10) |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
-0.017 |
0.009 |
-0.034 |
0.001 |
0.066 |
|
|
| Gender (Male) |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
0.110 |
0.009 |
0.092 |
0.127 |
< 0.001 |
|
|
| Family Income |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
-0.189 |
0.013 |
-0.216 |
-0.163 |
< 0.001 |
|
|
| Family Education |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
-0.003 |
0.012 |
-0.027 |
0.021 |
0.784 |
|
|
| Heat Exposure |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
0.029 |
0.010 |
0.010 |
0.048 |
0.003 |
|
|
| Neighborhood Income / 50000 |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
0.001 |
0.011 |
-0.020 |
0.022 |
0.936 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Black) |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
-0.065 |
0.011 |
-0.087 |
-0.044 |
< 0.001 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Latino) |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
-0.043 |
0.010 |
-0.063 |
-0.022 |
< 0.001 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Asian) |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
-0.041 |
0.009 |
-0.059 |
-0.024 |
< 0.001 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Other) |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
0.023 |
0.009 |
0.005 |
0.042 |
0.013 |
|
|
| Intercept |
→ |
Behavioral Problems |
1.786 |
0.255 |
1.286 |
2.286 |
< 0.001 |
|
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Pubertal Stage (at Age 9-10) |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
0.033 |
0.010 |
0.014 |
0.053 |
0.001 |
|
|
| Age (9-10) |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
0.072 |
0.009 |
0.054 |
0.090 |
< 0.001 |
|
|
| Gender (Male) |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
-0.012 |
0.009 |
-0.030 |
0.006 |
0.208 |
|
|
| Family Income |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
-0.045 |
0.014 |
-0.073 |
-0.018 |
0.001 |
|
|
| Parental Education |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
-0.023 |
0.012 |
-0.048 |
0.001 |
0.064 |
|
|
| Heat Exposure |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
0.047 |
0.010 |
0.028 |
0.066 |
< 0.001 |
|
|
| Neighborhood Income / 50000 |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
0.022 |
0.011 |
0.001 |
0.043 |
0.043 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Black) |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
-0.036 |
0.011 |
-0.058 |
-0.014 |
0.001 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Latino) |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
0.004 |
0.011 |
-0.017 |
0.025 |
0.698 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Asian) |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
-0.029 |
0.009 |
-0.048 |
-0.011 |
0.001 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Other) |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
0.015 |
0.010 |
-0.004 |
0.034 |
0.111 |
|
|
| Intercept |
→ |
Tobacco Use Initiation |
-0.693 |
0.261 |
-1.204 |
-0.181 |
0.008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Age (9-10) |
→ |
Puberty Stage (Age 9-10) |
0.113 |
0.010 |
0.093 |
0.132 |
< 0.001 |
|
|
| Gender (Male) |
→ |
Puberty Stage (Age 9-10) |
-0.079 |
0.010 |
-0.099 |
-0.059 |
< 0.001 |
|
|
| Family Income |
→ |
Puberty Stage (Age 9-10) |
-0.016 |
0.015 |
-0.046 |
0.014 |
0.291 |
|
|
| Family Education |
→ |
Puberty Stage (Age 9-10) |
-0.015 |
0.014 |
-0.042 |
0.012 |
0.273 |
|
|
| Heat Exposure |
→ |
Puberty Stage (Age 9-10) |
0.039 |
0.011 |
0.018 |
0.061 |
0.000 |
|
|
| Neighborhood Income / 50000 |
→ |
Puberty Stage (Age 9-10) |
-0.013 |
0.012 |
-0.037 |
0.010 |
0.270 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Black) |
→ |
Puberty Stage (Age 9-10) |
0.082 |
0.012 |
0.058 |
0.106 |
< 0.001 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Latino) |
→ |
Puberty Stage (Age 9-10) |
0.031 |
0.012 |
0.008 |
0.054 |
0.010 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Asian) |
→ |
Puberty Stage (Age 9-10) |
0.017 |
0.010 |
-0.003 |
0.038 |
0.094 |
|
|
| Race/Ethnicity (Other) |
→ |
Puberty Stage (Age 9-10) |
0.030 |
0.011 |
0.008 |
0.051 |
0.006 |
|
|
| Intercept |
→ |
Puberty Stage (Age 9-10) |
-0.159 |
0.290 |
-0.728 |
0.410 |
0.583 |
|
|
|
|
