Women’s socio-demographic and cultural factors influencing unmet need for family planning in rural areas of The Gambia: Evidence from a population-based analytical cross-sectional study

Table 3.

Prevalence of unmetneed for FP by Socio-demographic factors among participants

 

Unmet need for Family planning

 

 

 

Variables

Yes (n=142)

No (n=422)

Total (n=564)

Chi-square

 

p-value

 

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

Age of women in years

 

 

 

 

 

 

15 - 19

18 (29.5)

43 (70.5)

61 (100.0)

 

0.021†*

 

20 - 24

53 (30.6)

120 (69.4)

173 (100.0)

 

 

 

25 - 29

47 (28.1)

120 (71.9)

167 (100.0)

 

 

 

30 - 34

12 (15.4)

66 (84.6)

78 (100.0)

 

 

 

35 - 39

6 (11.5)

46 (88.5)

52 (100.0)

 

 

 

40 - 44

5 (17.9)

23 (82.1)

28 (100.0)

 

 

 

45 - 49

1 (20.0)

4 (80.0)

5 (100.0)

 

 

Local Government Areas

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kerewan

32 (18.9)

137 (81.1)

169 (100.0)

13.476

0.004*

 

Kuntaur

13 (16.5)

66 (83.5)

79 (100.0)

 

 

 

Janjanbureh

29 (26.4)

81 (73.6)

110 (100.0)

 

 

 

Basse

68 (33.0)

138 (67.0)

206 (100.0)

 

 

Communities

 

 

 

 

 

 

Kerewan

17 (21.3)

63 (78.8)

80 (100.0)

 

0.012†*

 

Farafenni

15 (16.9)

74 (83.1)

89 (100.0)

 

 

 

Chamen

2 (11.1)

16 (88.9)

18 (100.0)

 

 

 

Kuntaur

12 (18.8)

52 (81.3)

64 (100.0)

 

 

 

Janjanbureh

4 (15.4)

22 (84.6)

26 (100.0)

 

 

 

Bansang

25 (29.8)

59 (70.2)

84 (100.0)

 

 

 

Kulari

35 (37.6)

58 (62.4)

93 (100.0)

 

 

 

Basse

32 (29.1)

78 (70.9)

110 (100.0)

 

 

Educational level

 

 

 

 

 

 

Never attended school

42 (28.2)

107 (71.8)

149 (100.0)

4.877

0.300

 

Arabic education

44 (28.9)

108 (71.1)

152 (100.0)

 

 

 

Primary education

23 (20.4)

90 (79.6)

113 (100.0)

 

 

 

Secondary education

28 (20.9)

106 (79.1)

134 (100.0)

 

 

 

Tertiary education

5 (31.3)

11 (68.8)

16 (100.0)

 

 

Can read and write

 

 

 

 

 

 

Yes

48 (21.1)

179 (78.9)

227 (100.0)

3.278

0.070

 

No

94 (27.9)

243 (72.1)

337 (100.0)

 

 

Occupation

 

 

 

 

 

 

Exclusively housewife

48 (21.4)

176 (78.6)

224 (100.0)

 

0.318†

 

Self-employed

6 (26.1)

17 (73.9)

23 (100.0)

 

 

 

Farming

49 (30.2)

113 (69.8)

162 (100.0)

 

 

 

Student

4 (2.3)

5 (55.6)

9 (100.0)

 

 

 

Trading

22 (22.0)

78 (78.0)

100 (100.0)

 

 

 

Civil servant

12 (28.6)

30 (71.4)

42 (100.0)

 

 

 

Muslim Religious Teacher

1 (25.0)

3 (75.0)

4 (100.0)

 

 

Monthly income (n=557)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Less than D2000

90 (29.0)

220 (71.0)

310 (100.0)

7.199

0.027*

 

D2001 – D4000

35 (24.0)

111 (76.0)

146 (100.0)

 

 

 

More than D4000

16 (15.8)

85 (84.2)

101 (100.0)

 

 

Age at first pregnancy (n=535)

 

 

 

 

 

12 - 18

122 (24.6)

374 (75.4)

496 (100.0)

 

0.061†

 

19 - 24

4 (17.4)

19 (82.6)

23 (100.0)

 

 

 

25 - 30

8 (50.0)

8 (50.0)

16 (100.0)

 

 

Parity (n=535)

 

 

 

 

 

 

0 - 4

108 (27.8)

280 (72.2)

388 (100.0)

 

0.040†*

 

5 - 8

23 (17.2)

111 (82.8)

134 (100.0)

 

 

 

9+

3 (23.1)

10 (76.9)

13 (100.0)

 

 

Religion

 

 

 

 

 

 

Muslim

136 (24.6)

416 (75.4)

552 (100.0)

 

0.049†*

 

Christian

3 (37.5)

5 (62.5)

8 (100.0)

 

 

 

Traditional African religion

3 (75.0)

1 (25.0)

4 (100.0)

 

 

Ethnicity of the Respondents

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mandinka

53 (20.5)

205 (79.5)

258 (100.0)

 

0.055†

 

Fula

41 (28.9)

101 (71.1)

142 (100.0)

 

 

 

Sarahule

29 (37.7)

48 (62.3)

77 (100.0)

 

 

 

Wolof

11 (21.2)

41 (78.8)

52 (100.0)

 

 

 

Manjago

0 (0.0)

1 (100.0)

1 (100.0)

 

 

 

Serere

7 (28.0)

18 (72.0)

25 (100.0)

 

 

 

Aku

1 (11.1)

8 (88.9)

9 (100.0)

 

 

Father's educational level

 

 

 

 

 

 

Never attended school

59 (28.0)

152 (72.0)

211 (100.0)

 

0.691†

 

Arabic education

73 (23.1)

243 (76.9)

316 (100.0)

 

 

 

Primary education

2 (22.2)

7 (77.8)

9 (100.0)

 

 

 

Secondary education

6 (31.6)

13 (68.4)

19 (100.0)

 

 

 

Tertiary education

2 (22.2)

7 (77.8)

9 (100.0)

 

 

Mother's educational level

 

 

 

 

 

 

Never attended school

81 (27.4)

215 (72.6)

296 (100.0)

 

0.538†

 

Arabic education

55 (23.8)

176 (76.2)

231 (100.0)

 

 

 

Primary education

5 (17.2)

24 (82.8)

29 (100.0)

 

 

 

Secondary education

1 (12.5)

7 (87.5)

8 (100.0)

 

 

Partners' educational level

 

 

 

 

 

 

Never attended school

43 (28.9)

106 (71.1)

149 (100.0)

8.767

0.067

 

Arabic education

60 (28.2)

153 (71.8)

213 (100.0)

 

 

 

Primary education

5 (16.7)

25 (83.3)

30 (100.0)

 

 

 

Secondary education

26 (24.1)

82 (75.9)

108 (100.0)

 

 

 

Tertiary education

8 (12.5)

56 (87.5)

64 (100.0)

 

 

Partners' occupation

 

 

 

 

 

 

Civil servant

17 (14.4)

101 (856)

118 (100.0)

 

0.003†*

 

Farming

54 (30.5)

123 (69.5)

177 (100.0)

 

 

 

Self-employed

20 (22.2)

70 (77.8)

90 (100.0)

 

 

 

Students

3 (50.0)

3 (50.0)

6 (100.0)

 

 

 

Trading

32 (32.0)

68 (68.0)

100 (100.0)

 

 

 

Retired

1 (100.0)

0 (0.0)

1 (100.0)

 

 

 

Travelled abroad

15 (20.8)

57 (79.2)

72 (100.0)

 

 

* =Statistical significance at p<0.05

† Fisher’s exact test

† Fisher’s exact test