Hopelessness and Smoking among Black Adults

Table 2.

Results of Model 2

  OR SE 95% CI P

Hope 0.960 0.012 0.936 0.986 0.003

Income to Poverty Ratio 0.980 0.018 0.945 1.016 0.259

Married 1.159 0.115 0.951 1.414 0.141

Unemployed 1.423 0.198 1.077 1.881 0.014

Male 1.858 0.176 1.537 2.245 < 0.001

AGE 1.025 0.003 1.020 1.031 < 0.001

Educational Attainment (Years of Schooling) 0.954 0.022 0.910 1.000 0.050

Ethnicity

African American 2.145 0.539 1.296 3.550 0.004

Intercept 0.132 0.053 0.059 0.295 < 0.001

           

Source: NSAL: Sample: Black People, Outcome: Ever Smoking; Model 3 controlled for demographic factors, SES indicators, and MDE (DSM_MDE)