Gender Differences in Quit Rates in a Tobacco Cessation Program: In Search of Demographic, Socioeconomic, Health, or Behavioral Explanatory Mechanisms
Table 1.
Study Sample - Overall and by Gender
|
| Variables |
Gender |
Overall (n=232) |
|
|
| Men (n=107) |
Women (n=117) |
Missing (n=8) |
|
|
| Quit Smoking |
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
80 (74.8) |
98 (83.8) |
8 (100.0) |
186 (80.17) |
|
| Yes |
27 (25.2) |
19 (16.2) |
- |
46 (19.83) |
|
| Study Arm** |
|
|
|
|
|
| In-person |
30 (28.0) |
45 (38.5) |
4 (50.0) |
79 (34.0) |
|
| Virtual/Hybrid |
35 (32.7) |
53 (45.3) |
2 (25.0) |
90 (38.8) |
|
| Self-help |
42 (39.3) |
19 (16.2) |
2 (25.0) |
63 (27.2) |
|
| Age (years)*** |
|
|
|
|
|
| 50 years or less |
24 (22.4) |
21 (18.0) |
2 (25.0) |
47 (20.3) |
|
| More than 50 years |
83 (77.6) |
96 (82.0) |
3 (37.5) |
182 (78.4) |
|
| Missing |
- |
- |
3 (37.5) |
3 (1.3) |
|
| Race*** |
|
|
|
|
|
| Black American |
85 (79.4) |
104 (88.9) |
3 (37.5) |
192 (82.8) |
|
| White |
16 (15.0) |
10 (8.6) |
1 (12.5) |
27 (11.6) |
|
| Other/Multiple |
4 (3.7) |
3 (2.6) |
1 (12.5) |
8 (3.4) |
|
| Missing |
2 (1.9) |
- |
3 (37.5) |
5 (2.2) |
|
| Educational Attainment*** |
|
|
|
|
|
| Some high school or less |
30 (28.0) |
34 (29.1) |
- |
64 (27.6) |
|
| Graduated from high school/GED |
42 (39.3) |
38 (32.5) |
2 (25.0) |
82 (35.3) |
|
| Some college |
23 (21.5) |
28 (23.9) |
3 (37.5) |
54 (23.3) |
|
| Bachelor or more |
11 (10.3) |
17 (14.5) |
- |
28 (12.1) |
|
| Missing |
1 (0.9) |
- |
3 (37.5) |
4 (1.7) |
|
| Other Tobacco Product Use** |
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
80 (74.8) |
96 (82.1) |
4 (50.0) |
180 (77.6) |
|
| Yes |
25 (23.3) |
20 (17.1) |
4 (50.0) |
49 (21.1) |
|
| Missing |
2 (1.9) |
1 (0.8) |
- |
3 (1.3) |
|
| Menthol/multiple Flavor Use |
|
|
|
|
|
| No |
6 (5.6) |
10 (8.5) |
2 (25.0) |
18 (7.8) |
|
| Yes |
96 (89.7) |
104 (88.9) |
6 (75.0) |
206 (88.8) |
|
| Missing |
5 (4.7) |
3 (2.6) |
- |
8 (3.4) |
|
| |
Mean (SD) |
Mean (SD) |
|
Mean (SD) |
|
| Nicotine Addiction (at Baseline) |
4.6 (2.1) |
4.3 (2.0) |
- |
4.4 (2.0) |
|
| Number of Cardiometabolic Risk Conditions |
1.0 (0.9) |
1.2 (1.0) |
- |
1.1 (1.0) |
|
| Depression |
1.2 (1.6) |
1.3 (1.7) |
- |
1.3 (1.7) |
|
| Perceived Stress |
5.3 (3.0) |
5.3 (3.1) |
- |
5.3 (3.0) |
|
| Perceived Social Support* |
3.9 (1.1) |
4.2 (0.9) |
- |
4.1 (1.0) |
|
|
** P < 0.01
|
|
