Objective: aortic root enlargement (ARE) and descending thoracic aorta dilatation (DTAD) in combined aortic valve and ascending aorta replacement surgery (AV+AAR) are postoperative concerning issues. This retrospective observational analysis studies surgical factors which could determine those complications. Methods: 236 patients underwent AV+AAR. Mean-time follow-up by trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE) and computer tomography (CT) was 44.7 ± 21.2 and 38.2 ± 18.4 months respectively. In long-term follow-up, outcome variables are: ARE equal/more than 10% of the preoperative TTE data and DTAD equal more than 5% of preoperative CT measurement at the same thoracic vertebrae axial slice. Results: ARE and DTAD appear strictly related to the discrepancy between prosthetic valve and straight vascular prosthesis diameters (p = 0.024), while there is not significant difference (log-rank = 0.917) related to aortic valve surgery type (replacement or repair). Considering diameter difference (DD) between vascular and aortic valve prosthesis, patients were subsequently grouped into two sections: L5 group, in which DD was less/equal than 5 mm, and M5, in which DD was more/equal than 5 mm. ARE was found in 30.8 % of L5 patients and only in 14.7 % among M5 patients (log-rank = 0.026). We have also observed descending thoracic aorta dilatation in 34.2 % of L5 and in 12.1 % of M5 (log-rank = 0.023). Conclusions: According with our data, difference between vascular prosthesis and aortic valve prosthesis equal/more than 5 mm is a protective factor against ARE and DATD.Full article

The emphasis on adapting learner-centric education and inclusive pedagogies to promote learning effectiveness is part of the paradigm shift in teaching. By maximizing variability, differentiated education methodologies ensure individualized instruction and equal academic success for all students. Based on this justification, this study sought to investigate Ghanaian pre-tertiary teachers' adaption of differentiated instruction strategies during the teaching and learning processes. Pre-tertiary teachers within the Kwahu Ridge of the Eastern Region of Ghana were sampled to respond to the close-ended questionnaire. A multi-pronged approach was employed in the data analysis. Respondents possessed knowledge of the differentiated instruction strategies, however, there were some disparities between first and second-cycle teachers. Significant factors influenced the range of diversity in the classroom and knowledge and experience, with the latter showing an unexpected negative influence, possibly due to experienced teachers' preference for traditional methods of teaching. Notwithstanding, a perfect alignment of instructional techniques, activities and assessment practices to accommodate the heterogeneity of students stimulate active participation, interest and readiness to learn. It is recommended that educational stakeholders should recognize the dynamic nature of the learning environment and better provide pre-tertiary teachers with the tools and support needed to employ differentiated instruction techniques successfully to ensure inclusive, individualized and intensive instruction in the classroom.Full article

The purpose of this study was to examine the contributions of Beach Resorts to the development of coastal communities in the Central Region of Ghana. A mixed-method approach was adopted for the study. The population for this study comprised five communities selected from two municipalities and a district in the Central Region of Ghana (Brenu Akyinim and Elmina in the Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abrem Municipality (KEEA), Moree in Abura/Asebu/Kwamankese District (AAK) as well as Anomabo and Ekumfi Otuam in the Mfantseman Municipal Assembly) Sample Random and Purposive sampling techniques were used to select the communities’ and respondents (Community members, Government agencies, and Resort management) for the study. The main instruments used for the study were questionnaires, Focus Group discussions and interviews. 240 questionnaires were administered, 40 by tourists and 200 by the inhabitants of the study area. Eighteen opinion leaders and management leaders in the study areas were also interviewed. The quantitative data entry and analysis were done by using the SPSS software package. The qualitative data was analysed by the use of the interpretative technique based on the themes arrived at during the data collection from the focus group discussions. It was realized that beach Resorts are a force to reckon with because the communities benefit a lot from job creation, income, infrastructure development, improvement in aesthetics, improved sanitation and many more. Education and skill training of the youth in the coastal communities is very crucial if they are to be employed and be paid well. Some of them need foreign exposure to enlighten them about the need of foreign tourists to help manage the resort facilities very well and to make their services more competitive with beach resorts in other coastal regions in Ghana and Africa at large. It is recommended that the District Assemblies and Ghana Tourist Authority should institute policies to ensure that the education of the youth in the coastal communities (study areas) are given priority and also access to financial support be made available to the local investors. Beach resort owners should liaise with Ghana Tourism Authority and the Chiefs to establish a training institution to train and update the skill of those who work in the tourism sector.Full article

The purpose of this study was to use an activity-based method to enhance the teaching and learning of Redox reactions among senior high school learners at Christ the King at Obuasi in the Ashanti Region, Ghana. Quantitatively, the study employed an action research design. The population of the study comprised all final-year elective chemistry students of Christ the King Senior High School (CKC) in the Ashanti region of Ghana. A purposive sampling technique was used to select thirty-five (35). The instruments used in the study were tested. Percentages of students who responded correctly to the pre-test items were compared to percentages of students who responded correctly to the post-test items. The pre-test and post-test mean scores were compared to see if there was any difference in their mean scores. The use of an activity-based teaching method in teaching chemistry appears to be used effectively in imparting the content knowledge of chemistry to students to become successful in their learning. Regarding the benefits of the activity-based method. The use of activity-based teaching methods in redox reaction motivates students to be self-learners and improves performance. It is also evident from the findings of this study that the use of the activity-based method of teaching could enhance student performance in a redox reaction. It is recommended that activity-based methods of teaching should be encouraged to be used by chemistry teachers in the Senior High Schools of Ghana in teaching redox reaction concepts to enhance students’ performance in redox reactions. It is also recommended that the Ghana education service should collaborate with the chemistry teachers’ Association of Ghana to organize professional development programs, seminars, and workshops for chemistry teachers on activity-based to improve their knowledge of teaching skills.Full article