Articles

This article is focus on the features of teaching English vocabulary on the basis of developing professional competence of students, methodological analysis of teaching active, passive, real and novocabular vocabulary in English, the ways of teaching English vocabulary.

Exercise is an important factor of rehabilitation in heart failure patients, improving several indicators of disease prognosis and functional capacity. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of a cardiorespiratory rehabilitation program on the physical and mental fatigue, general health and anxiety in patients suffering from heart failure. Thirty-one patients with heart failure [(M±SD) age: 67.59±7.60 years] participated in a cardiorespiratory rehabilitation program. The program included aerobic exercise on cycle ergometers and muscle strengthening for 3 months (12 weeks), 3 times/week. Before and after the program, patients' fatigue, general and mental health were assessed using the following self-reported questionnaires: a) Fatigue Assessment Scale (FAS), b) Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and c) Spielberger's Anxiety Questionnaire. Data analysis showed a statistically significant tendency of reduction in social dysfunction (from 1.99±0.42 to 1.75±0.45, p=0.05), while anxiety (from 27.10±7.61 to 26.40±4.35) showed no change (p>0.05).Also, evaluating the changes in the health level after attending the program, there was a trend of improvement in physical activity and functioning with the appearance of fewer physical symptoms (from 1.38±0.43 to 1.24±0.31, p=0,13). These results show that exercise can contribute to increasing the general well-being of these patients and reducing feelings of helplessness, making them able to cope with their daily activities and tasks.

The importance of resistance training (Conley & Pennington, 2022; Pennington, 2020) cardiovascular fitness (Pennington, 2015; 2016), and anaerobic power (Pennington, 2014) cannot be overstated for individuals enlisted in our country’s armed forces. The Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) is the new branch wide fitness test designed to replace the outdated Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) (USAPHC TG 358, n.d.). The APFT was implemented in 1980 as the measure of Service Member (SM) fitness. However, this test is very limited in scope and failed to tell unit commanders how ready their SMs were for the rigors of a combat environment (US Army ACFT Field Testing Manual, n.d.). The APFT was a gender-based test that consisted of three events: a two-minute pushup evaluation to measure upper body endurance. The second event was a two-minute sit up evaluation to measure core and hip flexor endurance. While the final evaluation was a two-mile timed run, which was designed to test aerobic endurance and leg endurance. This test was simple to set up and administer but, it was not a good metric to judge SM’s actual fitness in a combat environment. If a SM had good endurance than he or she would max the test with ease. This is not a complete reflection of what is required in a combat environment. In a combat environment the SM will be loaded down with a rifle, helmet, rucksack, plate carrier, water, and ammo which often exceeds 80 pounds. The new ACFT which is still being implemented into the forces as of the writing of this paper is a much better test as it has more events to it which measure soldier strength and ability to move while under load.

This study is a literature review with a qualitative approach. It is justified by the significant increase in diseases acquired through lifestyle habits that generate health risks, which impair and are responsible for decreasing longevity and decreasing quality of life, such as hypertension, depression, obesity and respiratory tract diseases. Physical activity is recognized as a protective factor for health, and its benefits are associated with the reduction of chronic diseases and a decrease in the risk of premature death from diseases related to a sedentary lifestyle. The objective of this research is to search and identify, within the scientific literature, if there are in fact contributions from the practice of physical activity in subjects diagnosed with depression. For the categorization of studies and selection of materials, the following keywords were determined: physical exercise and depression and physical activity and depression. As inclusion criteria for data analysis and interpretation, the following were considered: articles in Portuguese, full texts, published in health journals, between the years 2005 to 2015. As exclusion criteria, we considered articles found by descriptors that did not contain one or more of the inclusion criteria. In this study, articles were selected by searching the Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Lilacs. The choice of these databases was prioritized due to the quality and reliability of the materials available, and their easy access. 77 articles were found, of which 4 were selected to be part of this research. It can be noted that physical activity showed positive aspects and possible contributions and can be considered as a bias in an adjunct to conventional pharmacological treatments. The need for further clarification about the disease in relation to psychological, social and physiological issues is also evident, thus opening the possibility for further studies and research on the subject, so that in this way they can guide possible interventions that help in the treatment of the depression.

The high prevalence of low back pain associated with prolonged sitting as a result of work demands, is a major public health problem. Added to this is the sedentary lifestyle and full-time use of vehicles, keeping workers in this seated position. We now know the many benefits of regular exercise and physical activity. Inactivity is considered a risk factor associated with the development of lower back pain. We undertook this study to make subjects aware of the consequences of this posture. In addition, we wanted to help them relieve lower back pain and functional disability caused by prolonged sitting posture. To achieve this, we have set ourselves the goal of assessing the effect that the combination of a physical exercise program and massage with shea butter could have on lumbar pain and functional disability in inactive sedentary officials with full-time lumbar pain driving their vehicles. To achieve this goal, we brought together 45 subjects divided into three experimental groups. The results show that the group receiving the combination of an exercise and massage program with shea butter, experienced a significant decrease in pain and functional disability over the 6 weeks. Thus, the combination of an exercise and massage program with shea butter allows effective management of pain and functional disability in inactive sedentary officials.