Heat Exposure Predicts Earlier Childhood Pubertal Initiation, Behavioral Problems, and Tobacco Use

Global Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease | Vol 5, Issue 1

Table 1. Summary of the Structural Equation Model(SEM).

Independent Variable		Dependent Variable	B	SE	95%	CI	p

Pubertal Stage (at Age 9-10)	→	Behavioral Problems	0.024	0.010	0.004	0.044	0.017
Age (9-10)	→	Behavioral Problems	-0.017	0.009	-0.034	0.001	0.066
Gender (Male)	→	Behavioral Problems	0.110	0.009	0.092	0.127	< 0.001
Family Income	→	Behavioral Problems	-0.189	0.013	-0.216	-0.163	< 0.001
Family Education	→	Behavioral Problems	-0.003	0.012	-0.027	0.021	0.784
Heat Exposure	→	Behavioral Problems	0.029	0.010	0.010	0.048	0.003
Neighborhood Income / 50000	→	Behavioral Problems	0.001	0.011	-0.020	0.022	0.936
Race/Ethnicity (Black)	→	Behavioral Problems	-0.065	0.011	-0.087	-0.044	< 0.001
Race/Ethnicity (Latino)	→	Behavioral Problems	-0.043	0.010	-0.063	-0.022	< 0.001
Race/Ethnicity (Asian)	→	Behavioral Problems	-0.041	0.009	-0.059	-0.024	< 0.001
Race/Ethnicity (Other)	→	Behavioral Problems	0.023	0.009	0.005	0.042	0.013
Intercept	→	Behavioral Problems	1.786	0.255	1.286	2.286	< 0.001

Pubertal Stage (at Age 9-10)	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	0.033	0.010	0.014	0.053	0.001
Age (9-10)	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	0.072	0.009	0.054	0.090	< 0.001
Gender (Male)	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	-0.012	0.009	-0.030	0.006	0.208
Family Income	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	-0.045	0.014	-0.073	-0.018	0.001
Parental Education	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	-0.023	0.012	-0.048	0.001	0.064
Heat Exposure	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	0.047	0.010	0.028	0.066	< 0.001
Neighborhood Income / 50000	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	0.022	0.011	0.001	0.043	0.043
Race/Ethnicity (Black)	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	-0.036	0.011	-0.058	-0.014	0.001
Race/Ethnicity (Latino)	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	0.004	0.011	-0.017	0.025	0.698
Race/Ethnicity (Asian)	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	-0.029	0.009	-0.048	-0.011	0.001
Race/Ethnicity (Other)	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	0.015	0.010	-0.004	0.034	0.111
Intercept	→	Tobacco Use Initiation	-0.693	0.261	-1.204	-0.181	0.008

Age (9-10)	→	Puberty Stage (Age 9-10)	0.113	0.010	0.093	0.132	< 0.001
Gender (Male)	→	Puberty Stage (Age 9-10)	-0.079	0.010	-0.099	-0.059	< 0.001
Family Income	→	Puberty Stage (Age 9-10)	-0.016	0.015	-0.046	0.014	0.291
Family Education	→	Puberty Stage (Age 9-10)	-0.015	0.014	-0.042	0.012	0.273
Heat Exposure	→	Puberty Stage (Age 9-10)	0.039	0.011	0.018	0.061	0.000
Neighborhood Income / 50000	→	Puberty Stage (Age 9-10)	-0.013	0.012	-0.037	0.010	0.270
Race/Ethnicity (Black)	→	Puberty Stage (Age 9-10)	0.082	0.012	0.058	0.106	< 0.001
Race/Ethnicity (Latino)	→	Puberty Stage (Age 9-10)	0.031	0.012	0.008	0.054	0.010
Race/Ethnicity (Asian)	→	Puberty Stage (Age 9-10)	0.017	0.010	-0.003	0.038	0.094
Race/Ethnicity (Other)	→	Puberty Stage (Age 9-10)	0.030	0.011	0.008	0.051	0.006
Intercept	→	Puberty Stage (Age 9-10)	-0.159	0.290	-0.728	0.410	0.583