Childhood Depression, Hopelessness, and Suicidal Attempt Predict Earlier Tobacco and Marijuana Use Initiation During Adolescence

Open Journal of Medical Sciences | Vol 5, Issue 1

Table 2. Summary of Structural Equation Model (SEM), ByGender

Independent Variable	Dependent Variable	B	SE	95%	CI	P
Females
Age (Years)	Tobacco Use	0.084	0.013	0.058	0.110	< 0.001
Family Income	Tobacco Use	0.007	0.022	-0.036	0.050	0.754
Parental Education	Tobacco Use	-0.019	0.018	-0.055	0.017	0.307
Married Household	Tobacco Use	-0.084	0.016	-0.116	-0.052	< 0.001
Neighborhood Median Income/ 50000	Tobacco Use	0.034	0.016	0.003	0.065	0.032
Major Depressive Disorder	Tobacco Use	0.049	0.016	0.018	0.081	0.002
Suicide Attempt	Tobacco Use	0.104	0.020	0.065	0.142	< 0.001
Hopeless	Tobacco Use	0.087	0.022	0.045	0.130	< 0.001
Race/Ethnicity (Black)	Tobacco Use	-0.050	0.017	-0.082	-0.018	0.003
Race/Ethnicity (Latino)	Tobacco Use	-0.002	0.016	-0.033	0.029	0.893
Race/Ethnicity (Asian)	Tobacco Use	-0.035	0.014	-0.061	-0.008	0.010
Race/Ethnicity (Other)	Tobacco Use	0.007	0.014	-0.020	0.035	0.609
Intercept	Tobacco Use	-0.976	0.381	-1.724	-0.229	0.010


Age (Years)	Marijuana Use	0.071	0.013	0.045	0.098	< 0.001
Family Income	Marijuana Use	0.002	0.022	-0.041	0.046	0.911
Parental Education	Marijuana Use	-0.022	0.018	-0.058	0.014	0.225
Married Household	Marijuana Use	-0.089	0.016	-0.121	-0.056	< 0.001
Neighborhood Median Income/ 50000	Marijuana Use	-0.009	0.016	-0.040	0.022	0.562
Major Depressive Disorder	Marijuana Use	0.037	0.016	0.006	0.068	0.020
Suicide Attempt	Marijuana Use	0.127	0.019	0.090	0.165	< 0.001
Hopeless	Marijuana Use	0.042	0.021	0.000	0.083	0.051
Race/Ethnicity (Black)	Marijuana Use	-0.027	0.017	-0.059	0.005	0.104
Race/Ethnicity (Latino)	Marijuana Use	-0.006	0.016	-0.036	0.025	0.725
Race/Ethnicity (Asian)	Marijuana Use	-0.022	0.014	-0.048	0.005	0.106
Race/Ethnicity (Other)	Marijuana Use	0.006	0.014	-0.022	0.034	0.668
Intercept	Marijuana Use	-0.656	0.382	-1.404	0.092	0.086

Males
Age (Years)	Tobacco Use	0.067	0.013	0.042	0.092	< 0.001
Family Income	Tobacco Use	-0.031	0.021	-0.072	0.010	0.134
Parental Education	Tobacco Use	-0.040	0.017	-0.073	-0.006	0.021
Married Household	Tobacco Use	-0.025	0.016	-0.056	0.006	0.116
Neighborhood Median Income/ 50000	Tobacco Use	0.007	0.015	-0.023	0.036	0.654
Major Depressive Disorder	Tobacco Use	0.015	0.015	-0.015	0.045	0.338
Suicide Attempt	Tobacco Use	0.023	0.021	-0.018	0.064	0.272
Hopeless	Tobacco Use	0.022	0.021	-0.020	0.063	0.306
Race/Ethnicity (Black)	Tobacco Use	-0.040	0.016	-0.071	-0.010	0.010
Race/Ethnicity (Latino)	Tobacco Use	0.002	0.015	-0.027	0.031	0.912
Race/Ethnicity (Asian)	Tobacco Use	-0.021	0.013	-0.046	0.004	0.101
Race/Ethnicity (Other)	Tobacco Use	0.025	0.013	-0.001	0.051	0.063
Intercept	Tobacco Use	-0.222	0.360	-0.928	0.483	0.537


Age (Years)	Marijuana Use	0.084	0.013	0.059	0.109	< 0.001
Family Income	Marijuana Use	-0.052	0.020	-0.092	-0.011	0.012
Parental Education	Marijuana Use	-0.030	0.017	-0.064	0.003	0.076
Married Household	Marijuana Use	-0.019	0.016	-0.050	0.012	0.223
Neighborhood Median Income/ 50000	Marijuana Use	0.015	0.015	-0.014	0.045	0.315
Major Depressive Disorder	Marijuana Use	0.015	0.015	-0.015	0.045	0.317
Suicide Attempt	Marijuana Use	0.004	0.020	-0.036	0.044	0.836
Hopeless	Marijuana Use	0.029	0.021	-0.012	0.070	0.166
Race/Ethnicity (Black)	Marijuana Use	-0.036	0.016	-0.067	-0.005	0.022
Race/Ethnicity (Latino)	Marijuana Use	-0.012	0.015	-0.041	0.017	0.414
Race/Ethnicity (Asian)	Marijuana Use	-0.018	0.013	-0.043	0.007	0.151
Race/Ethnicity (Other)	Marijuana Use	-0.013	0.013	-0.039	0.013	0.335
Intercept	Marijuana Use	-0.683	0.359	-1.388	0.021	0.057