Why High Income Fails to Reduce E-Cigarette Use: The Knowledge-Attitude Paradox in the SMOKES Study

Open Journal of Medical Sciences | Vol 5, Issue 1

Table 2. Summary of structural equation model

		B	SE	95%	CI	p
Structural
Age (Yr)	→	Correct Electronic Cigarette Knowledge	0.178	0.016	0.147	0.209	< 0.001
High Family Income	→	Correct Electronic Cigarette Knowledge	0.247	0.018	0.212	0.282	< 0.001
Ethnic Minority	→	Correct Electronic Cigarette Knowledge	0.481	0.015	0.451	0.511	< 0.001
Sex (Female)	→	Correct Electronic Cigarette Knowledge	0.363	0.016	0.331	0.396	< 0.001

Correct Electronic Cigarette Knowledge	→	Pro- Electronic Cigarette Attitude	-0.031	0.001	-0.032	-0.030	< 0.001
Age (Yr)	→	Pro- Electronic Cigarette Attitude	0.204	0.015	0.175	0.233	< 0.001
High Family Income	→	Pro- Electronic Cigarette Attitude	0.145	0.022	0.102	0.187	< 0.001
Ethnic Minority	→	Pro- Electronic Cigarette Attitude	0.103	0.022	0.061	0.146	< 0.001
Sex (Female)	→	Pro- Electronic Cigarette Attitude	-0.013	0.022	-0.056	0.029	0.544

Correct Electronic Cigarette Knowledge	→	Electronic Cigarette Use	0.072	0.001	0.070	0.075	< 0.001
Pro- Electronic Cigarette Attitude	→	Electronic Cigarette Use	0.330	0.027	0.276	0.383	< 0.001
Age (Yr)	→	Electronic Cigarette Use	-0.009	0.019	-0.045	0.028	0.643
High Family Income	→	Electronic Cigarette Use	0.029	0.019	-0.008	0.067	0.125
Ethnic Minority	→	Electronic Cigarette Use	-0.078	0.019	-0.115	-0.041	< 0.001
Sex (Female)	→	Electronic Cigarette Use	-0.182	0.019	-0.219	-0.145	< 0.001

Measurement
Correct Electronic Cigarette Knowledge
Item 1			0.693	0.006	0.682	0.704	< 0.001
Item 2			0.379	0.027	0.326	0.432	< 0.001
Item 4			0.636	0.010	0.616	0.656	< 0.001
Item 5			0.388	0.004	0.380	0.396	< 0.001
Item 6			0.667	0.010	0.648	0.686	< 0.001
Item 7			0.495	0.005	0.484	0.505	< 0.001
Item 8			0.437	0.005	0.428	0.445	< 0.001

Pro - Electronic Cigarette Attitude
Item 1			0.740	0.008	0.725	0.756	< 0.001
Item 2			0.564	0.008	0.548	0.580	< 0.001
Item 3			0.671	0.009	0.653	0.688	< 0.001
Item 4			0.672	0.008	0.657	0.688	< 0.001
Item 5			0.551	0.011	0.528	0.573	< 0.001
Item 6			0.539	0.012	0.515	0.563	< 0.001
Item 7			0.433	0.006	0.421	0.444	< 0.001
Item 8			0.161	0.007	0.147	0.174	< 0.001

E-Cig Use
Ever Use			0.782	0.009	0.765	0.799	< 0.001
Current Use			0.811	0.007	0.798	0.824	< 0.001
Frequency of Use			1.000	0.000	1.000	1.000	< 0.001