Lifecycle Management as a Roadmap to the Tobacco Endgame

Table 2. A quick refresher on CMMI Levels in a publichealth policy context

CMMI Level	Description	Public Health / Tobacco Control Analogy
1 – Initial	Unpredictable, reactive, ad hoc processes.	Sporadic or pilot initiatives without systematic enforcement.
2 – Managed	Projects are planned, documented, and tracked.	Structured campaigns, clear program ownership, repeatable at project level.
3 – Defined	Processes are standardized and integrated organization-wide.	Nationally standardized policy frameworks, coordinated across agencies.
4 – Quantitatively Managed	Processes are measured, monitored, and controlled with data.	Performance metrics and surveillance data actively drive program decisions.
5 – Optimizing	Continuous improvement based on quantitative feedback.	Dynamic adaptation of programs to emerging products/threats, endgame innovation.