Application of Building Information Modelling (BIM) for Enhancing Safety and Environmental Performance on Construction Sites in Nigeria

Table 5. Factors Associated with the Utilisation of BIM Tools amongConstruction Professionals in Nigeria

Variable	Inadequately Used	Adequately Used	COR (95% CL)	P-value	AOR (95% CL)	p-value
Utilisation of BIM tools (6 items scale)	322 (83.9%)	62 (16.1%)	-	-	-	-
Role in the construction industry
Architect	15 (4.7%)	3 (4.8%)	Ref.	-	-	-
Engineer	29 (9.0%)	9 (14.5%)	1.552 [0.365-6.600]	0.552	1.292 [0.289-5.773]	0.737
HSE officer	42 (13.0%)	11 (17.7%)	1.310 [0.321-5.343]	0.707	1.386 [0.296-6.495]	0.679
Construction worker	236 (73.3%)	39 (62.9%)	0.826 [0.229-2.987]	0.771	1.032 [0.273-3.901]	0.963
Age Group
18 - 24 years	18 (5.6%)	2 (3.2%)	Ref.	-	-	-
25 - 34 years	251 (78.0%)	48 (77.4%)	1.721 [0.387-7.661]	0.476	1.396 [0.286-6.813]	0.680
35 years and above	53 (16.5%)	12 (19.4%)	2.038 [0.416-9.988]	0.380	1.248 [0.230-6.775]	0.798
Years of experience
≤ 5 years	96 (29.8%)	8 (12.9%)	Ref.	-	-	-
6 – 10 years	68 (21.1%)	20 (32.3%)	3.529 [1.469-8.482]	0.005*	2.369 [0.712-7.882]	0.160
≥ 10 years	158 (49.1%)	34 (54.8%)	2.582 [1.148-5.810]	0.022*	3.255 [1.177-8.998]	0.023*
Level of Experience with BIM
No Experience	255 (79.2%)	45 (72.6%)	Ref.	-	-	-
Beginner	25 (7.8%)	3 (4.8%)	0.680 [0.197-2.347]	0.542	1.795 [0.390-8.263]	0.453
Intermediate	23 (7.1%)	12 (19.4%)	2.957 [1.374-6.363]	0.006*	2.881 [1.001-8.294]	0.050*
Advanced	19 (5.9%)	2 (3.2%)	0.596 [0.134-2.650]	0.497	0.459 [0.099-2.127]	0.320
Used BIM in the last 3 years
No	63 (19.6%)	14 (22.6%)	Ref.	-	-	-
Yes	259 (80.4%)	48 (77.4%)	0.834 [0.433-1.607]	0.587	0.710 [0.354-1.425]	0.335

Source: Field Survey; *Significant at p<0.05