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Elimination of HIV Transmission Risks through Viral Suppression: Undetectable=Untransmittable and its Impact among People Living with HIV
Global Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease
| Vol 5, Issue 1
Table 3. Summary ofBarriers to U=U Messaging Implementation (Adapted by the Authors)
| S/N | BARRIERS | DESCRIPTION | EXAMPLES |
| 1 | Individual-Level Barriers | Internalized Stigma and Mental Health | Feelings of guilt, shame, fear stemming from long-term discrimination and marginalization, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) |
| 2 | Provider-Level Barriers | Inconsistent Messaging and inadequate Training | Lack of training, skepticism about the message, outdated beliefs about transmission risks, fear of promoting “reckless behavior |
| 3 | Sociocultural Barriers | General stigma and Misinformation | Cultural beliefs, misinformation, taboo discussing sexuality |
| 4 | Structural Barriers | Health System Gaps and Resource Constraints | Limited availability of routine viral load testing, inconsistent viral load monitoring and shortages in the healthcare workforce |
| 5 | Legal and Policy-Level Barriers | HIV penalization laws | Penalization and criminalization laws |