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Formulation, Characterization and Future Potential of Composite Materials from Natural Resources: the case of Kenaf and Date Palm Fibers

Online Journal of Mechanical Engineering | Vol 1, Issue 1

Table 2. Chemical composition of natural fibers in %.

Fibre	Cellulose	Hemicellulose	Lignin	Pectin	Waxes	Reference
Stem fibre
Linen	71 – 78	18.6 – 20.6	2.2	2.3	1.7	[18,19]
Hemp	70.2 – 74.4	17.9 – 22.4	3.7 – 5.7	0.9	0.8	[20]
Jute	61 – 71.5	13.6 – 20.4	12 – 13	0.2	0.5	[19]
Kénaf	45 – 57	21.5	8 – 13	3 – 5	N.S.	[21]
Ramie	68.6 – 76.2	13.1 – 16.7	0.6 – 0.7	1.9	0.3	[22]
Banana	63 – 64	10	5	N.S.	N.S.	[23]
Nettle	86	4.0	5.4	0.6	3.1	[24]
Leaf fibre
Sisal	67 – 78	10 – 14	8 – 11	10	2	[25]
Abaca	56 – 63	21.7	12 – 13	1.0	0.2	[26]
Curaua	73.6	9.9	7.5	N.S.	–	[20]
Pineapple	80 – 83	15 – 20	8 – 12	2 – 4	4 – 7	[28]
Henequen	77.6	4 – 8	13.1	N.S.	N.S.	[21]
Fruit/seed fibre
Cotton	85 – 90	5.70	0.7 – 1.6	0 – 1	0.6	[28]
Coco	36 – 43	0.15 – 0.25	41 – 45	3 – 4	N.S.	[29]
Palm oil	65	0 – 22	19	N.S.	N.S.	[30]
Wood
Hardwood	43 – 47	25 – 35	16 – 24	N.S.	N.S.	[23]
Softwood	40 – 44	25 – 29	25 – 31	N.S.	N.S.	[31]