Textuality in Text: A Discourse Analysis of Nelson Mandela‘s I Am the First Accused
Table 1.
Summaries of the Cohesive Devices
|
| Summary of Personal/ Demonstrative References |
|
|
| Referencing Summary |
|
| Personal Reference |
Line Reference |
Referenced Item |
|
| I (hold |
1-2 |
The speaker (via exophoric reference) |
|
| him |
8-10 |
The white man |
|
| they |
11 |
The white man |
|
| Them/their |
10-12 |
Africans |
|
| they |
10-12 |
Africans |
|
| Their/they |
10-13 |
Africans |
|
| their |
13 |
White people |
|
| Their/them |
10-14 |
African |
|
| I |
17 |
The speaker (via exophoric) |
|
| his |
18-19 |
African male |
|
| They/them |
22-23 |
Children |
|
| They/them |
32-33 |
Africans |
|
| they |
34-36 |
Africans |
|
| We/our |
37-38 |
Political rights |
|
| it |
42 (cataphoric) |
Africans |
|
| it |
43-44 |
Political division |
|
| It/their |
45-46 |
The ANC |
|
| My/i/Myself |
46-49 |
The speaker(exophoric) |
|
| It/i |
51-52 |
Live in harmony |
|
| Demonstrative Reference |
|
| Demonstrative reference |
Line reference |
Referenced item |
|
| The (country |
1-3 (exopheric) |
South Africa |
|
| The (lack of human) |
5 (cataphoric) |
Africans |
|
| this |
6-7 |
White supremacy |
|
| the |
7-9 |
White supremacy |
|
| This |
13-15 |
Support their families |
|
| The (most hated bits of ….) |
16 |
Pass laws |
|
| There (is a single) |
17-18 |
Africans |
|
| These (worse than) |
19-20 |
African are thrown into jail |
|
| The |
20-22 |
Breakdown of family life |
|
| The (school) |
23-24 |
School |
|
| This (leads) |
23-25 |
Have to work |
|
| The (township) |
18-28 |
In south Africa |
|
| The (fact that the death) |
30-31 |
Death sentence |
|
| The (festering sore) |
25-31 |
A breakdown in morale |
|
| The (general population) |
32-37 |
African want to be…. |
|
| This (makes) |
39-40 |
The majority of voters |
|
| This (fear) |
40-41 |
Fear democracy |
|
| The (enfranchisement) |
38-42 |
Equal political right |
|
| That (policy) |
44-45 |
Fighting against racialism |
|
| This (then) |
45-46 |
That policy |
|
| The (African people) |
46-47 |
The ANC |
|
| Comparative reference |
|
| Comparative reference |
Line reference |
Referenced item |
|
| Most (hated) |
16 |
Pass law |
|
| Worse than (this) |
19-20 |
Africans are thrown into jail |
|
| Equal political rights |
37-38 |
Black south Africans |
|
|
|
