The article describes the use of publicly available materials of radar mapping from spacecraft as a way to increase the reliability, as well as to reduce the cost and time of work to select the site of linear construction projects situated in remote underdeveloped areas. Based on the results of theoretical study and practical application of radar mapping of the Earth's surface from spacecrafts the conclusion is made about the availability of these materials, their reliability (relevance) and accuracy in order to select the site of linear construction projects at the concept design stage.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects over 35.5 million US adults. Serum α1-acid glycoprotein (α1-AGP), an acute-phase protein, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in animal models, but its association with CKD in younger women remains underexplored. This study investigated the relationship between serum α1-AGP and CKD risk in US women aged 20–49 years. Methods: This nationally representative cross-sectional study used data on female adults in the US aged 20–49 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2018 cycles. 2,137 individuals were included in the study after excluding individuals without serum α1-AGP, urine albumin, and creatinine data. Multivariate logistic regression models evaluated the association between serum α1-AGP and CKD. Moreover, we performed stratified and interaction analyses to see if the relationship was stable in different subgroups. Results: Among 2,137 participants (mean age 34.6 years, mean eGFR 111.7 mL/min/1.73 m²), CKD prevalence was 8.8% (n=188). Higher serum α1-AGP levels were associated with lower CKD risk in the fully adjusted model (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.16–0.84, P = 0.017), with a dose-response trend across quartiles (P = 0.041). The association was stronger in women aged 40–49 years (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.05–0.76) and Mexican Americans (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01–0.56), though interaction terms were not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Higher serum α1-AGP levels are associated with lower CKD prevalence in young women, suggesting a protective role. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm causality and explore α1-AGP as a biomarker for CKD risk stratification.

Background: Dysphagia is a common functional impairment in elderly populations, often leading to severe complications such as malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia, significantly increasing healthcare burdens. Currently, effective prognostic assessment tools are lacking. The absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), a biomarker reflecting immune-nutritional status, has potential predictive value in this context, though its role in dysphagia prognosis remains unclear. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 253 dysphagic patients who received percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) between 2014 and 2017. Five patients with missing ALC were excluded. Cox regression models assessed the association between ALC and mortality. ALC was analyzed as both continuous variable (using restriocted cubic splines) and categorical tertiles, with additional threshold analyses to assess non-linearity. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and subgroup analyses were also performed. Results: Lower ALC was associated with poorer nutritional status, higher inflammatory markers, and greater comorbidity burden. Higher ALC was independently associated with reduced mortality (adjusted HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44–0.83; p = 0.002). Patients in the highest tertile had significantly better survival than those in the lowest (HR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.23–0.59; P < 0.001). A non-linear threshold effect was identified at ALC = 1.899×10⁹/L (p for non-linearity = 0.009). Kaplan–Meier analysis confirmed improved survival with higher ALC (p < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses showed the protective effect of higher ALC was consistent across age, sex, BMI, PEG use, and comorbidity strata, with no significant interactions. Conclusions: ALC is an independent, non-linear predictor of mortality in older dysphagic patients and may aid clinical risk stratification across diverse patient subgroups.

Objective: To identify and evaluate the main functional assessment tools applied in the postoperative monitoring of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to synthesize the functional outcomes reported through these instruments in the current scientific literature. Methodology: A structured review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Thirty-one peer-reviewed studies were selected through a targeted manual search based on predefined eligibility criteria. Included studies evaluated functional recovery following TKA using validated outcome measures such as the WOMAC, KSS, KOOS, IKDC, SF-36, and SANE. Data extraction focused on the instruments used, patient population characteristics, and reported outcomes. A descriptive synthesis was compiled in Table 1. Additionally, 15 studies with quantitative data were analyzed using a forest plot to illustrate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for functional improvement. Risk of bias was assessed qualitatively based on methodological rigor, clarity of reporting, and validation of the outcome tools. Results: All included studies reported improvements in functional status following TKA. Most risk ratios ranged from 0.66 to 0.85, indicating a consistent reduction in the risk of postoperative functional limitation. High-quality studies demonstrated more precise effect estimates and greater internal validity. The SANE scale emerged as a valid and practical tool with high responsiveness, including in its culturally adapted Brazilian version. Despite heterogeneity in study design, the direction of effect remained consistent across all included studies. Conclusion: Validated functional assessment tools are essential for monitoring recovery after total knee arthroplasty. Instruments such as WOMAC and SANE demonstrate strong clinical utility and psychometric validity. Their systematic use enhances outcome comparability, supports individualized rehabilitation planning, and improves decision-making in orthopedic care.