Background: By rediscovering the medical field spiritual foundation, clinicians sought to balance their care and realize that spirituality is frequently associated with healthcare, thus one’s spiritual beliefs influence patients' decisions between aggressive care and complementary therapies in oncology care. Aim: This study investigates clinicians’ experiences and perceptions of spirituality in oncology care that clinicians can utilize to improve cancer and spiritual care provision. Methods: A thematic, qualitative synthesis. Results: Four main themes emerged from the synthesis of the 11 included studies that can steer future framework and policies to make clinicians more inept in providing care to address spiritual well-being of the patients and their family from a clinician's point of view of spirituality: “Maintaining Hope and Spiritual Wellness, Clinician’s Sensitivity to Cancer Patients, Provision of Culturally Respectful Spiritual Care, and Education in Providing Spiritual Care”. Conclusion: Cancer patients, cancer survivors, and clinicians’ quality of life is correlated with measures of spirituality and spiritual well-being. Spirituality also fulfill these oncologic patients has been linked to improved emotional and spiritual adjustment. Implications: Clinicians with different proficiencies, novice or expert, develop a strong spiritual belief can also be a strength when it comes to caring for those terminally ill patients, to be able to aid them in their sufferings. Amidst the challenges of spiritual care, these clinicians provide a patient strategy approach that is holistic to the care.

Background: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among adolescents is a growing public health concern, particularly in low-income and Black communities. However, little is known about how social determinants of health shape e-cigarette perceptions in this population. Aims: This study examined social determinants associated with perceptions of e-cigarette safety among Baltimore high school students. Methods: A cross-sectional survey (CEASE Youth: School Survey) was conducted with 604 Baltimore high school students aged 14–20. Participants completed a questionnaire assessing perceptions of e-cigarette safety, as well as parental education, race/ethnicity, parental employment, household composition, and community tobacco use. Results: Higher parental education was associated with lower perceived e-cigarette safety among students. Students in higher grades also reported lower perceived e-cigarette safety. In contrast, male students—particularly those in upper grades—were more likely to perceive e-cigarettes as safe. Race/ethnicity, household composition, parental employment, and community tobacco exposure were not associated with perceived e-cigarette safety. Conclusion: Higher parental education, female gender, and being in higher grades were associated with perceiving e-cigarettes as unsafe. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address vaping perceptions among youth in urban settings.

This literature review delves deeply into the epidemiology, structural and cultural challenges, and management strategies of status epilepticus (SE) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Incidence rates of SE vary significantly between countries, with notable disparities associated with socio-economic contexts, healthcare infrastructures, and cultural perceptions of epilepsy. The management of SE in this region is often hindered by constraints in medical infrastructure, inadequate access to specialist diagnostics such as electroencephalogram, and limited availability of essential anti-epileptic drugs, which are frequently out of reach for rural populations. These challenges are further exacerbated by the social stigma and cultural beliefs surrounding epilepsy, impeding access to care and widening inequalities. Moreover, the scarcity of qualified medical personnel undermines the efficient and prompt management of this neurological emergency. The review underscores the pressing need to enhance healthcare infrastructures, boost the capabilities of healthcare professionals, and conduct community awareness initiatives to destigmatize epilepsy and lessen prejudice. Additionally, practical recommendations are put forward for enhancing local capacity, fostering equity in care access, and mitigating regional health disparities in SSA.

Stigma surrounding drug addiction remains a critical barrier to effective treatment, significantly influencing healthcare access, patient engagement, and recovery outcomes. This study explores the multifaceted impact of stigma on individuals seeking help for substance use disorders (SUDs), with a focus on healthcare-related discrimination, internalized stigma, and structural barriers. Research indicates that negative perceptions among healthcare providers contribute to delayed treatment-seeking behaviors, reduced adherence to medication-assisted treatment (MAT), and increased relapse rates. Additionally, patients internalizing these societal judgments experience heightened psychological distress, social isolation, and decreased self-efficacy, further hindering their recovery process. To address these challenges, evidence-based strategies such as addiction medicine education, trauma-informed care, harm reduction approaches, and peer support models have been shown to effectively reduce stigma and improve treatment outcomes. Hospital administrators and nursing leaders play a critical role in fostering a culture of empathy, advocating for the reframing of addiction as a neuro-psycho-biological disease rather than a moral failing. Future research should explore digital mental health interventions, motivational interviewing techniques, and interdisciplinary collaboration to further dismantle stigma and enhance the effectiveness of addiction treatment programs. This study highlights the urgent need for systemic policy changes, targeted educational programs, and a shift in clinical attitudes to create a more inclusive and stigma-free healthcare environment. Through implementing these approaches, healthcare providers can ensure equitable access to treatment and improve long-term health outcomes for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) and other substance-related conditions.