Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects over 35.5 million US adults. Serum α1-acid glycoprotein (α1-AGP), an acute-phase protein, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in animal models, but its association with CKD in younger women remains underexplored. This study investigated the relationship between serum α1-AGP and CKD risk in US women aged 20–49 years. Methods: This nationally representative cross-sectional study used data on female adults in the US aged 20–49 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2018 cycles. 2,137 individuals were included in the study after excluding individuals without serum α1-AGP, urine albumin, and creatinine data. Multivariate logistic regression models evaluated the association between serum α1-AGP and CKD. Moreover, we performed stratified and interaction analyses to see if the relationship was stable in different subgroups. Results: Among 2,137 participants (mean age 34.6 years, mean eGFR 111.7 mL/min/1.73 m²), CKD prevalence was 8.8% (n=188). Higher serum α1-AGP levels were associated with lower CKD risk in the fully adjusted model (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.16–0.84, P = 0.017), with a dose-response trend across quartiles (P = 0.041). The association was stronger in women aged 40–49 years (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.05–0.76) and Mexican Americans (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01–0.56), though interaction terms were not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Higher serum α1-AGP levels are associated with lower CKD prevalence in young women, suggesting a protective role. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm causality and explore α1-AGP as a biomarker for CKD risk stratification.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging human disease caused by a novel coronavirus, causing a global pandemic crisis. Probiotics and/or colchicine may be considered as options for treatment since they have anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. The aim of the current review was to assess the effectiveness of probiotic supplements and colchicine on symptoms, duration, and progression of mild and moderate cases of COVID-19 infection. Review: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in the United States with 182 participants who were randomly assigned to receive daily oral probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus) LGG or placebo for 28 days. The study indicated that LGG is well-tolerated and is associated with a delay in the onset of COVID-19 infection, a reduction in the incidence of symptoms, and alterations in the structure of the gut microbiome when administered as post-exposure prophylaxis within seven days of exposure. Colchicine may lessen mortality and the need for mechanical ventilation in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis. Conclusion: Probiotics and/or colchicine may be viable treatment options for COVID-19 patients. To examine the efficacy of probiotics and colchicine in the treatment of COVID-19, it is necessary to conduct additional clinical trials and provide clinicians with evidence, as there are currently insufficient studies to support this conclusion.

Objective: The study investigated the biological effects and molecular mechanisms of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on periodontal bone regeneration. Methods: Electronic and manual searches were searched up to 1 October 2022 in the following databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Embase. [Platelet rich plasma or platelet or growth factors] and [periodontal] or [bone regeneration or bone defect or bone reconstruction] were used for searching. This study reviewed and analyzed published papers associated with PRP and periodontal bone defect restoration or bone regeneration or bone reconstruction. Results: Different growth factors exhibited varied biological characteristics and function. In-vitro studies, animal experiments and clinical studies confirmed that PRP displayed assorted role in periodontal bone defects repair. The growth factors secreted from PRP can promote new bone formation, soft tissue regeneration and wound healing. The fiber three-dimensional structure in PRP is conducive to the growth and migration of cells and provides strong support for the regeneration of periodontal soft and hard tissues. The anti-inflammatory characteristics of PRP are also closely related to the repair of periodontal bone defects. Conclusion: PRP played an important biological effect on periodontal bone regeneration. The mechanism is closely related to PRP promoting the growth, proliferation, differentiation and migration of periodontal ligament cells and osteoblasts, and the fiber stereo configuration of PRP and the anti-inflammatory effect of leukocytes.

Chemical solvents are commonly used to prevent microbial growth; dangerous to human health and have limited antibacterial properties. On the other hand, Nanoparticles made of metallic elements (such as copper, silver, and gold) have several uses in the field of biotechnology. Silver nanoparticles are more efficient in their antimicrobial, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. The current study aimed to determine the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antibacterial activity from the aqueous extracts of leaves of Couroupita guianensis, Punica granatum, Vitex negundo, Cirtrus maxima. AgNPs of plant extracts were prepared using silver nitrate with the respective plant extract. Then they were characterized by FTIR analysis. The respective functional groups in the synthesized silver nanoparticles were confirmed with FTIR Spectra. The antibacterial activities of the synthesized nanoparticle extract were observed by zone of inhibition. From the results, the nanoparticles synthesized from the plants extract could pave a way to formulate a drug to treat microbial infection.