Pharmaceutical Product serialization aims to assign distinct serial numbers to items within a pharmaceutical supply chain. However, this process faces several security challenges like Theft of valid serial numbers may occur, enabling the labelling of counterfeit products. Therefore, it's essential to ensure the uniqueness of serial numbers can be verified at any point in the product's lifecycle within the supply chain. Intimidatory nodes along the distribution network could corrupt planned changes of custody for products. Ensuring verifiability of compliance with these changes is crucial. Manufacturers and consumers need assurance that perishable goods with expired shelf lives are appropriately discarded. In this paper, we review a product serialization method leveraging blockchain technology to address these security concerns within a multi-party perishable goods supply chain. Blockchains offer potential solutions by providing a secure platform for data sharing in multi-party environments, enhancing security and transparency. Within Blockchain technology, each distribution partner is registered to uphold transparency regarding drug information. The system facilitates real-time transfer of ownership changes, recording them as blocks with date and time stamps. This ensures visibility to all partners in real time, maintaining the authenticity of drugs. This article aims to outline how Blockchain technology benefits the pharmaceutical industry by enhancing traceability and trackability of drugs throughout the entire pharmaceutical supply chain.

Currently, Drug Counterfeiting is the biggest challenge facing the pharmaceutical industry. They are encountering this threat due to high market demand for the drugs and their profit margin. The lack of data transparency and traceability also lured criminals into the counterfeiting of drugs which, is impacting people’s health and put their life in danger. Through the drug supply chain, a substantial portion of counterfeit drugs are injected and distributed through the healthcare supply chain network, so the supply chain plays a vital role in drug distribution and impacts patient lives. Through digitalization in the healthcare sector, Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) provides a platform with ground-breaking results by providing a system for drug traceability with consideration of the critical requirements of transparency, privacy, and authenticity without involving any third party. In DLT, each distribution partner is registered to maintain transparency with the drug information. Real-time transfer of information about the change of ownership with date and time in the form of blocks gives visibility to all the partners in real time about the authenticity of drugs. This article will give information about the benefits of Distributed Ledger Technology to the pharmaceutical industry and the traceability of drugs from end-to-end of the pharmaceutical supply chain.