The banana (Musa spp.) is a tropical fruit with excellent sensory characteristics in terms of aroma, flavor and texture, consumed worldwide and exploited in most tropical countries. Green banana flour is rich in flavonoids, which protect the gastric mucosa, has a high content of resistant starch, which acts in the body as a dietary fiber and thus has health benefits, and is an alternative option for bakery products, reducing waste of both the peel and the pulp. The aim of this study was to develop bread formulations with partial substitution of wheat flour with green banana flour (FBV), thus increasing the nutritional, technological and sensory value. 4 formulations, (A), standard sample; (B), bread with 10% FBV; (C), bread with 15% FBV and (D), bread with 20% FBV. Physico-chemical quality was assessed in terms of moisture content by drying at 105ºC, ash by incineration, fat by the Soxhlet method, protein by the biuret method, carbohydrates by difference calculation and calorific value by sum calculation and sensory analysis by affective methods. The data was evaluated using the RStudio 4.2.1 DCC statistical package. There were no significant differences in moisture content, lipids and calorific value. Differences were evident in the ash and protein content. Sensory acceptance of the standard formulation was 82.22%. The results obtained show that green banana flour can be used as a partial substitute for wheat flour to produce breads with functional properties.

The last three decades have witnessed in Europe an increasing interest from institutions, and creative communities in independent research connected to crafting, DIY, maker culture, and design activism. A new generation of designers has focused on the experimentation of processes, materials, and technologies used as a vehicle for socio-political and environmental messages and as the starting point of solid narrative projects. This paper aims to analyse this phenomenon inside the niche of Collectible Design, a field in recent years of great interest by galleries and institutions for its ability to embrace material and technological research as well as craftsmanship and art. We investigate the phenomenon, through a series of interviews with designers such as Shahar Livne, Eugenia Morpurgo, Pleun van Dijk, Tellurico, and Standard 404, selected for their ability to use experimental materials and technologies, as communicative media for reflections on systemic issues.

This study addresses the critical challenge of material scarcity within Ghana’s creative industries by pioneering the synthesis of professional-grade stage blood from indigenous, locally-sourced materials. In the context of Ghanaian theatre and film, practitioners face significant barriers due to the high cost and limited availability of imported special effects products, often resulting in the use of inadequate substitutes that compromise aesthetic realism, safety, and narrative authenticity. This paper responds by exploring the potential of cassava starch, tapioca, kenkey dough, and fufu wax. Grounded in Schumacher’s theory of Appropriate Technology, the paper reframes indigenous resources not as inferior alternatives but as technologically and contextually appropriate solutions that align with Ghana’s economic, environmental, and social realities. The study provides detailed, reproducible recipes for both flowing and clotted blood variants, validated through practical application in simulated special effects such as gunshot wounds and deep-tissue scars. These formulations meet key performance criteria: visual fidelity under theatrical and cinematic conditions, controlled viscosity, ease of application and removal, and performer safety. Beyond technical innovation, this research contributes to shifting academic and professional discourse from dependency and scarcity toward resourcefulness, sustainability, and artistic self-reliance. It offers a practical framework for reducing production costs, enhancing the quality of visual storytelling, and fostering local value chains within Ghana’s growing creative economy.

This review explores the role of listening as a foundational component of communication and compassionate care in palliative settings. Drawing from ten scholarly articles published in 2025, the study examines how listening affects the experiences of patients, families, and healthcare providers. The findings emphasize that listening is not only a professional skill but a human act that reduces suffering, promotes dignity, and strengthens trust, especially where resources or standardized protocols are lacking. The review is organized into four main areas: the importance of listening in clinical decision making; its role in emotional support and team communication; its contribution to preserving patient dignity and comfort; and its impact on family involvement and closure. The study calls for future research to develop standardized tools for measuring listening in palliative care and to explore how cultural, economic, and technological contexts shape listening practices. Ultimately, the review concludes that listening must be at the heart of ethical, patient-centered care during the final stages of life.