1. Global Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases
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  3. Volume 4, Number 1, 2025
  4. Article
  5. Table 1
Article

SMOKES: Study of Measurement of Knowledge and Examination of Support for tobacco control policies

Table 1

Study Aims, Questions, and Hypotheses
Aims
To investigate ever and current use of tobacco products, as well as attitude, knowledge, and support for tobacco control policies
Research Questions
  1. What are the prevalence rates of ever and current use of cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, and hookah?
  2. What is the prevalence of single, dual, and poly-tobacco use?
  3. What factors are associated with ever and current use of cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, and hookah?
  4. What factors are associated with single, dual, and poly-tobacco use?
  5. How do social determinants influence tobacco use behaviors?
  6. What role do knowledge and attitudes play in shaping tobacco use behaviors?
  7. Are there ethnic and geographic differences in tobacco use and support for tobacco control policies?
  8. What is the current level of support for tobacco control policies among students?
  9. What factors influence support for tobacco control policies among college and university students?
  10. How is support for tobacco control policies linked to tobacco use, considering both ever and current use?
  11. In what contexts (places) do college and university students use electronic cigarettes?
  12. What are the motivations (reasons) behind electronic cigarette use among college and university students?
  13. How do gender differences influence the patterns and factors explored in the questions above?
  14. How do attitudes, knowledge, and tobacco use differ by college/university major?
  15. How do attitudes, knowledge, and tobacco use differ by college/university level or type?

Hypotheses
  • H1: Tobacco users will exhibit lower levels of support for tobacco control policies compared to non-users.
  • H2: Dual and poly-tobacco users will report lower support for tobacco control policies than single product users.
  • H3: Higher levels of tobacco-related knowledge and more positive attitudes toward tobacco control will be associated with lower prevalence of tobacco use.
  • H4: Social determinants, including socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and geographic location, will be significantly associated with both tobacco use patterns and levels of policy support.
  • H5: There will be significant ethnic and geographic differences in both tobacco use and support for tobacco control policies among college and university students.
  • H6: Current tobacco users will differ significantly from ever users in their support for tobacco control policies.
  • H7: Knowledge and attitudes will mediate the relationship between tobacco use behaviors and support for tobacco control policies.