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Open Access June 26, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

The Relationship Between Lymphocyte Count and Mortality in Patients with Dysphagia

Min Wei, Chengming Ke, Sumin Wu

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 40-51. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.6128

Abstract Background: Dysphagia is a common functional impairment in elderly populations, often leading to severe complications such as malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia, significantly increasing healthcare burdens. Currently, effective prognostic assessment tools are lacking. The absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), a biomarker reflecting immune-nutritional status, has potential predictive value in this context, though its role in dysphagia prognosis remains unclear. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 253 dysphagic patients who received percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) between 2014 and 2017. Five patients with missing ALC were excluded. Cox regression models assessed the association between ALC and mortality. ALC was analyzed as both continuous variable (using restriocted cubic splines) and categorical tertiles, with additional threshold analyses to assess non-linearity. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and subgroup analyses were also performed. Results: Lower ALC was associated with poorer nutritional status, higher inflammatory markers, and greater comorbidity burden. Higher ALC was independently associated with reduced mortality (adjusted HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44–0.83; p = 0.002). Patients in the highest tertile had significantly better survival than those in the lowest (HR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.23–0.59; P < 0.001). A non-linear threshold effect was identified at ALC = 1.899×10⁹/L (p for non-linearity = 0.009). Kaplan–Meier analysis confirmed improved survival with higher ALC (p [...] Read more.

Background: Dysphagia is a common functional impairment in elderly populations, often leading to severe complications such as malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia, significantly increasing healthcare burdens. Currently, effective prognostic assessment tools are lacking. The absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), a biomarker reflecting immune-nutritional status, has potential predictive value in this context, though its role in dysphagia prognosis remains unclear. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 253 dysphagic patients who received percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) between 2014 and 2017. Five patients with missing ALC were excluded. Cox regression models assessed the association between ALC and mortality. ALC was analyzed as both continuous variable (using restriocted cubic splines) and categorical tertiles, with additional threshold analyses to assess non-linearity. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and subgroup analyses were also performed. Results: Lower ALC was associated with poorer nutritional status, higher inflammatory markers, and greater comorbidity burden. Higher ALC was independently associated with reduced mortality (adjusted HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44–0.83; p = 0.002). Patients in the highest tertile had significantly better survival than those in the lowest (HR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.23–0.59; P < 0.001). A non-linear threshold effect was identified at ALC = 1.899×10⁹/L (p for non-linearity = 0.009). Kaplan–Meier analysis confirmed improved survival with higher ALC (p < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses showed the protective effect of higher ALC was consistent across age, sex, BMI, PEG use, and comorbidity strata, with no significant interactions. Conclusions: ALC is an independent, non-linear predictor of mortality in older dysphagic patients and may aid clinical risk stratification across diverse patient subgroups.

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Open Access June 26, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Mathematical modelling of the impact of HIV prevention strategies among female sex workers on public health in Burkina Faso

Serge M. A. SOMDA, Bernard E. A. DABONÉ, Boureima SANGARÉ, Sado TRAORÉ

Journal of Mathematics Letters 2025, 3(1), 22-40. DOI: 10.31586/jml.2025.6104

Abstract This article presents a mathematical model designed to simulate the impact of targeted interventions aimed at preventing HIV transmission among female sex workers (FSWs) and their clients, while also analyzing their effects on the health of the general population. The compartmental model distinguishes between high-risk populations (FSWs and their clients) and low-risk populations (sexually active [...] Read more.

This article presents a mathematical model designed to simulate the impact of targeted interventions aimed at preventing HIV transmission among female sex workers (FSWs) and their clients, while also analyzing their effects on the health of the general population. The compartmental model distinguishes between high-risk populations (FSWs and their clients) and low-risk populations (sexually active men and women in the general population), and links prevention efforts in high-risk groups to the evolution of the epidemic in the low-risk population. The fundamental properties of the model, such as the positivity of solutions and the boundedness of the system, have been verified, and the basic reproduction number R₀ has been calculated. Finally, the stability of the model was studied using Varga’s theorem and the Lyapunov method. Simulation results show that targeted prevention among FSWs and their clients reduces HIV incidence in the general population. This framework provides a valuable tool for guiding policymakers in the design of effective strategies to combat the epidemic, especially relevant in the context of suspension of USAID funding.

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Open Access June 25, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Performance and Validity of Knee Function Assessment Tools After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review

Andrei Machado Viegas da Trindade, Helder Rocha da Silva Araújo, Mário Soares Ferreira Júnior, Karine Kelly Rangel de Andrade Monte, Marcos Vinícius Amorim Silva, Rebecca Gomes Moura Bastos, João Gabriel Ventura Bariani, Fernanda Grazielle da Silva Azevedo Nora

Global Journal of Orthopedics 2025, 1(1), 60-69. DOI: 10.31586/gjo.2025.6123

Abstract Objective: To identify and evaluate the main functional assessment tools applied in the postoperative monitoring of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to synthesize the functional outcomes reported through these instruments in the current scientific literature. Methodology: A structured review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Thirty-one [...] Read more.

Objective: To identify and evaluate the main functional assessment tools applied in the postoperative monitoring of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to synthesize the functional outcomes reported through these instruments in the current scientific literature. Methodology: A structured review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Thirty-one peer-reviewed studies were selected through a targeted manual search based on predefined eligibility criteria. Included studies evaluated functional recovery following TKA using validated outcome measures such as the WOMAC, KSS, KOOS, IKDC, SF-36, and SANE. Data extraction focused on the instruments used, patient population characteristics, and reported outcomes. A descriptive synthesis was compiled in Table 1. Additionally, 15 studies with quantitative data were analyzed using a forest plot to illustrate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for functional improvement. Risk of bias was assessed qualitatively based on methodological rigor, clarity of reporting, and validation of the outcome tools. Results: All included studies reported improvements in functional status following TKA. Most risk ratios ranged from 0.66 to 0.85, indicating a consistent reduction in the risk of postoperative functional limitation. High-quality studies demonstrated more precise effect estimates and greater internal validity. The SANE scale emerged as a valid and practical tool with high responsiveness, including in its culturally adapted Brazilian version. Despite heterogeneity in study design, the direction of effect remained consistent across all included studies. Conclusion: Validated functional assessment tools are essential for monitoring recovery after total knee arthroplasty. Instruments such as WOMAC and SANE demonstrate strong clinical utility and psychometric validity. Their systematic use enhances outcome comparability, supports individualized rehabilitation planning, and improves decision-making in orthopedic care.

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Systematic Review

Open Access June 19, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Current Status of Legionnaires' Disease and Environmental Factors in Japan

Masafumi Seki

Global Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease 2025, 5(1), 24-27. DOI: 10.31586/gjeid.2025.6129

Abstract Legionnaires' disease became widely known following an outbreak of pneumonia in the United States in 1976. It is often caused by infection from artificial water sources such as cooling towers, water supply and heating systems, and recirculating hot tubs. To effectively implement infection prevention measures for Legionnaires' disease, collaboration among healthcare workers, water supply and [...] Read more.

Legionnaires' disease became widely known following an outbreak of pneumonia in the United States in 1976. It is often caused by infection from artificial water sources such as cooling towers, water supply and heating systems, and recirculating hot tubs. To effectively implement infection prevention measures for Legionnaires' disease, collaboration among healthcare workers, water supply and heating system managers, building hygiene personnel, and other relevant parties is essential. It is important to note that outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease continue to occur frequently both domestically and internationally. While the number of reported cases of Legionnaires' disease in Japan has increased, the mortality rate has decreased but has stabilized at a lower level. Caution is also required as reports have been made in association with disasters and travel, in addition to artificial environmental water.

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Review Article

Open Access June 06, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Food security, dietary diversity, and age as determinants of nutritional status among adolescent girls in coastal Bangladesh

Tanzina Akter, Taslima Akter, Sharmin Shilpy Nokshi, Sujit Kumar Banik, Abu Ansar Md Rizwan

Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences 2025, 5(2), 110-121. DOI: 10.31586/jbls.2025.6112

Abstract Background: Adolescent girls living in disaster-prone coastal regions of Bangladesh face heightened nutritional vulnerability due to limited food access, poor dietary diversity, and environmental stressors. Despite growing concerns about adolescent malnutrition, few studies have examined the combined influence of food security, dietary diversity, and age on nutritional outcomes in these [...] Read more.

Background: Adolescent girls living in disaster-prone coastal regions of Bangladesh face heightened nutritional vulnerability due to limited food access, poor dietary diversity, and environmental stressors. Despite growing concerns about adolescent malnutrition, few studies have examined the combined influence of food security, dietary diversity, and age on nutritional outcomes in these settings. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between dietary diversity, food security, and age with the nutritional status of adolescent girls in coastal Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 345 adolescent girls aged 10–19 in Chattogram and Cox’s Bazar. Data on dietary intake were collected using a 24-hour dietary recall and a food frequency questionnaire. Household food security was assessed using a validated scale. Nutritional status was determined using BMI-for-age classifications. Bivariate and multivariate analyses explored associations between dietary diversity, food security, age, and nutritional status. Results: Among participants, 10.14% were underweight, and 29.85% were either overweight or obese. While 17.39% demonstrated high dietary diversity (≥7 food groups), the majority had moderate diversity (5 or 6 food groups) (59.42%). Food-insecure households were significantly more likely to have overweight or obese adolescents (p < 0.05). Although dietary diversity was associated with BMI in bivariate analysis, it was not a significant predictor in the multivariate model. Age showed a significant relationship with both dietary diversity and nutritional status. Conclusion: The findings emphasize the importance of addressing household food security and age-related nutritional vulnerabilities in coastal areas. Interventions should prioritize age-sensitive, culturally appropriate strategies to improve dietary quality and prevent the double burden of malnutrition among adolescent girls.

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Open Access June 02, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Residual Sets and the Density of Binary Goldbach Representations

Daniel Sankei, Loyford Njagi, Josephine Mutembei, Grace Gakii

Journal of Mathematics Letters 2025, 3(1), 1-21. DOI: 10.31586/jml.2025.6091

Abstract A residual-set framework is introduced for analyzing additive prime conjectures, with particular emphasis on the Strong Goldbach Conjecture (SGC). For each even integer

E_{n} \geq 4

, the residual set [...] Read more.

A residual-set framework is introduced for analyzing additive prime conjectures, with particular emphasis on the Strong Goldbach Conjecture (SGC). For each even integer

E_{n} \geq 4

, the residual set

ℛ (E_{n}) = {E_{n} - p ∣

p < E_{n}, p \in ℙ}

is defined, and the universal residual set

ℛ_{E} = {\cup^{​}}_{E_{n}} ℛ (E_{n})

is constructed. It is shown that

ℛ_{E}

contains infinitely many primes. A nontrivial constructive lower bound is derived, establishing that the number of Goldbach partitions satisfies

G (E) \geq 2

for all

E \geq 8

, and that the cumulative partition count satisfies

\sum_{E \leq N} G (E) ≫ \frac{N^{2}}{{log}^{4} N}

. An optimized deterministic algorithm is implemented to verify the SGC for even integers up to 16,000 digits. Each computed partition

E_{n} = p + q

is validated using elliptic curve primality testing, and no exceptions are observed. Runtime variability observed in the empirical tests corresponds with known fluctuations in prime density and modular residue distribution. A recursive construction is formulated for generating Goldbach partitions, using residual descent and leveraging properties of the residual sets. The method extends naturally to Lemoine's Conjecture, asserting that every odd integer

n \geq 7

can be expressed as

n = p + 2 q

, where

p, q \in ℙ

. A corresponding residual formulation is developed, and it is proven that at least two valid partitions exist for all

n \geq 9

. Comparative analysis with the Hardy-Littlewood and Chen estimates is provided to contextualize the cumulative growth rate. The residual-set methodology offers a deterministic, scalable, and structurally grounded approach to additive problems in prime number theory, supported by both theoretical results and large-scale computational evidence.

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Open Access May 13, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Geochemistry distributions and statistics analysis of REE in stream sediments from the watershed west of Mambaka (Adamawa Plateau, Cameroun)

Roland William Edima Yana, Lise Carole Okomo Atouba, Fagny Aminatou Mefire, Oumar Hamit Djiddi, Adama Haman, Anicet Ango Ella, Faarouk Oumarou Nkouandou

World Journal of Geomatics and Geosciences 2025, 4(1), 12-28. DOI: 10.31586/wjgg.2025.6101

Abstract The Mambaka watershed is extends between latitudes 1 3°45'E and 14°15'E and longitudes 7°16'N and 6°45'N. The geology, various tectonic and structural events that have affected the Adamawa Plateau in Cameroon make it rich in multi-substance mining. The objective of this study is to map rare earth (REE) geochemical anomalies in the sediments of the watershed streams west of Mambaka, and to trace [...] Read more.

The Mambaka watershed is extends between latitudes 1 3°45'E and 14°15'E and longitudes 7°16'N and 6°45'N. The geology, various tectonic and structural events that have affected the Adamawa Plateau in Cameroon make it rich in multi-substance mining. The objective of this study is to map rare earth (REE) geochemical anomalies in the sediments of the watershed streams west of Mambaka, and to trace their origins and geochemical processes. Predictive maps from inverse distance interpolations (IDW), factor analysis (F1) or principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical bottom-up classification maps provided a better understanding of the central tendency, distribution and dispersion of REE in the samples and in the study area, based on standard deviation and variance values that generated two factors F1 (Ho-Tm-Er-Yb-Lu-Dy-Tb-Gd-Eu-Sm) and F2 (Pr-Nd-Ce-La-Sm) representing 92.44% of the total cumulative variance. The ratios Ce/Ce* > 0.78 and Eu/Eu* > 1 demonstrate positive anomalies in Ce and Eu, and clear differentiation. The normalized concentrations used to calculate fractionation ratios show that the values for LaN/YbN (0.58 to 1.34), LaN/SmN (0.61 to 0.88) and LaN/LuN (0.62 to 1.43) suggest higher fractionation in SS09 and lower fractionation in SS01. Similarly, the ratios La/Lu (61.71 to 143.46), La/Yb (9.00 to 20.72), La/Sm (4.02 to 5.83) and La/ Lu (61.71 to 143.46) confirm these higher ratios in SS09 and lower in SS01. The REE in the study area comes from hydrothermal processes based on high lineament densities at sampling points in igneous rocks with a mean ∑REE value of between 174-219 ppm.

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Open Access April 30, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Psychological Flexibility and Cardiovascular Health Behaviors Among Filipino Outpatients: A Correlational Study

Zander Antonio, Ronalyn Topacio, Aqeel Al-Mahdaly Steven Zheng, Roison Andro Narvaez, Marilane Ferrer

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 67-76. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.6090

Abstract (1) Background: Psychological flexibility, the ability to adapt to changing demands while staying true to personal values, is linked to better health behaviors. However, its relationship with cardiovascular health behaviors, particularly in Filipino populations, remains underexplored. (2) Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between psychological flexibility and [...] Read more.

(1) Background: Psychological flexibility, the ability to adapt to changing demands while staying true to personal values, is linked to better health behaviors. However, its relationship with cardiovascular health behaviors, particularly in Filipino populations, remains underexplored. (2) Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between psychological flexibility and cardiovascular health behaviors among outpatients in Rizal, Philippines, focusing on BMI, smoking, physical activity, and dietary habits. (3) Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational design was used with 100 outpatient participants from selected hospitals. Psychological flexibility was measured using the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and cardiovascular health behaviors were assessed using a modified version of the American Heart Association’s Life Simple 7 tool. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation were applied. (4) Results: The findings showed that respondents had neutral levels of psychological flexibility. While most exhibited intermediate BMI and physical activity, dietary habits varied. A significant positive correlation was found between psychological flexibility and whole grain consumption. However, no significant associations were found with BMI, smoking, or physical activity. (5) Conclusions: Psychological flexibility appears to influence specific health behaviors, such as dietary choices, but does not strongly correlate with other cardiovascular health behaviors. Further research is needed to explore its broader role in cardiovascular disease prevention.

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Open Access April 22, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of the Online Brand Identity Construction of National Museums

Yan Wang

Universal Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 2025, 5(1), 1-17. DOI: 10.31586/ujssh.2025.6084

Abstract The national museum of a country, as a cultural symbol of the nation, plays an important role in cultural communication at home and abroad. This study explores the online brand identity construction of two national museums—the British Museum and the National Museum of China—to inform cultural brands of the discursive strategies to distinguish themselves from others and communicate with their [...] Read more.

The national museum of a country, as a cultural symbol of the nation, plays an important role in cultural communication at home and abroad. This study explores the online brand identity construction of two national museums—the British Museum and the National Museum of China—to inform cultural brands of the discursive strategies to distinguish themselves from others and communicate with their audiences effectively. Informed by multimodal critical discourse analysis, this paper analyzes the websites of the two museums and their social media posts, depicts their brand identity prisms, and evaluates the effectiveness of their online communication. The results show that both museums use multimodal and hypertextual resources to create unique and congruent brand images in website design and social media interaction with their target audiences, fulfilling the institutional functions of museums as the symbol of national culture or world civilization. They express differential personalities and cultural values to reinforce their brand identities in different sociocultural and political contexts. The findings may provide insight into the use of multimodality in online communication for cultural institutions to enhance their brand images and promote cultural exchanges.

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Open Access April 13, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines for the Elderly Population in Japan

Masafumi Seki

World Journal of Medical Microbiology 2025, 4(1), 1-4. DOI: 10.31586/wjmm.2025.6069

Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is commonly known as a pathogen of the bronchiolitis in children, however, recently also as a pathogen of the severe virus pneumonia in adults, especially elderly persons, and vaccines for elderly persons have been developed. There are two vaccines, such as the vaccines targeted for subgroup A with the adjuvant, and that targeted for both subgroup A and B but not [...] Read more.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is commonly known as a pathogen of the bronchiolitis in children, however, recently also as a pathogen of the severe virus pneumonia in adults, especially elderly persons, and vaccines for elderly persons have been developed. There are two vaccines, such as the vaccines targeted for subgroup A with the adjuvant, and that targeted for both subgroup A and B but not included the adjuvant in Japan. Both vaccines are considered effective to prevent not only the incident of RSV infection/pneumonia, but also the exacerbations of the elderly persons with underlying diseases including chronic cardiopulmonary diseases.

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Mini Review

Open Access April 10, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Impact of Vaccination on Severe Outcomes in COVID-19 Reinfections and Breakthrough Infections

Krischelle Ann Dimaranan

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 65-66. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.6081

Abstract COVID-19 vaccines have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the prevalence of serious illnesses. The relative risk of hospitalization and mortality for patients who get breakthrough infections after immunization versus those who develop reinfections after a prior spontaneous infection is examined in this correspondence. Based on a study on U.S. Veterans who were not vaccinated and experienced [...] Read more.

COVID-19 vaccines have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the prevalence of serious illnesses. The relative risk of hospitalization and mortality for patients who get breakthrough infections after immunization versus those who develop reinfections after a prior spontaneous infection is examined in this correspondence. Based on a study on U.S. Veterans who were not vaccinated and experienced reinfections had a much higher risk of experiencing severe illness outcomes compared to those who had received immunizations and experienced breakthrough infections, even if the rates of reinfection and breakthrough infection were similar. Our findings highlight the value of immunization in reducing severe COVID-19 outcomes, even in the presence of reinfections.

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Correspondence

Open Access April 10, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Assessment of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Sokoine University Students Regarding Endocrine Disruptors Coming from Plastic Chemicals

Athuman Rashid Said, Frida Richard Mgonja

Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences 2025, 5(1), 58-66. DOI: 10.31586/jbls.2025.1274

Abstract Objective: The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of SUA students about the use of plastics containing endocrine disruptors were investigated in this study. Methodology: A study with 150 participants was conducted to assess individuals' knowledge about endocrine disruptors, attitudes, and plastic use practices. Results: The findings indicate that the participants possessed an [...] Read more.

Objective: The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of SUA students about the use of plastics containing endocrine disruptors were investigated in this study. Methodology: A study with 150 participants was conducted to assess individuals' knowledge about endocrine disruptors, attitudes, and plastic use practices. Results: The findings indicate that the participants possessed an average degree of knowledge 50.2 ± 3.85 with the main emphasis of awareness being generic concepts rather than specific substances. Regarding the potential health impacts of endocrine-disrupting chemicals present in plastics, respondents' attitudes ranged from fair to positive, with a mean score of 3.5 ±0.09 indicating a fair attitude overall. Conclusion: It is important to practice polite behavior and increase public awareness of safe plastic disposal methods. Surprising only 38.0% of the participants mentioned that they refrain from heating their food in plastic containers to reduce their exposure to plastics. Students' practices revealed a notable dependence on plastic products despite their awareness of the concerns surrounding endocrine disruptors, as most of them reported using plastic water bottles, plastic cups, and plastic bags almost always. Additionally, only 20.7% of the respondents consistently implemented strategies to prevent exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Recommendation: The study recommended increasing the use of cleaner plastic substitutes and improving educational programs to convert information into practical actions. Policies that encourage environmentally friendly behavior and raise public awareness of safe plastic disposal techniques should be put into practice.

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Open Access March 31, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Flat Foot and Its Association with Mechanical Low Back Pain: A Case-Control Study Utilizing Clarke’s Angle Measurement

Filjordan Andrisoni Imanuel Lulupoy, Tasya Meidy Pradhana, Yusak Mangara Tua Siahaan

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 34-39. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.6048

Abstract Background: Mechanical low back pain (MLBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with well-established risk factors such as obesity, occupational ergonomics, and core muscle strength. However, the role of pes planus (flat foot) as a contributing factor remains underrecognized. This study aims to investigate the association between flat foot and MLBP using Clarke’s angle as an [...] Read more.

Background: Mechanical low back pain (MLBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with well-established risk factors such as obesity, occupational ergonomics, and core muscle strength. However, the role of pes planus (flat foot) as a contributing factor remains underrecognized. This study aims to investigate the association between flat foot and MLBP using Clarke’s angle as an objective measure of foot posture. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in South Timor Tengah Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, from December 2024 to February 2025. Fifty patients diagnosed with MLBP and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. Foot type assessment was performed using Clarke’s angle, with a cutoff of ≤30° indicating flat foot. Pain severity in the LBP group was recorded using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Statistical analysis was conducted using chi-square and independent t-tests, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Flat foot was significantly more prevalent in the LBP group (58%) than in the control group (18%) (p = 0.000; OR: 6.29, 95% CI: 2.52-15.69), indicating that individuals with flat feet are over six times more likely to experience MLBP. No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding BMI, age, or gender. Conclusion: These findings suggest that flat foot is an independent risk factor for MLBP, likely due to altered spinal biomechanics and compensatory postural changes. Clinicians should consider foot posture assessments in MLBP patients and explore targeted interventions, such as orthotic support, to mitigate symptoms.

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Open Access March 29, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

The Role of Type 3 Diabetes in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review of Current Evidence

Mary Miliza Dagus, Vanessa Lacambra, Judith Magalona, Roison Andro Narvaez, Myra Katrina Paredes

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 47-64. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.6068

Abstract Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are increasingly linked through shared pathophysiological mechanisms, giving rise to the concept of Type 3 Diabetes Mellitus (T3DM). Brain insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are central to both conditions, contributing to cognitive decline and AD progression. Aim: This review aims to [...] Read more.

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are increasingly linked through shared pathophysiological mechanisms, giving rise to the concept of Type 3 Diabetes Mellitus (T3DM). Brain insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are central to both conditions, contributing to cognitive decline and AD progression. Aim: This review aims to explore this emerging relationship and its implications for prevention and management. Methods: Using an integrative review, 21 studies were systematically analyzed. The review focused on identifying demographic, genetic, and lifestyle factors contributing to T2DM and AD and examined shared molecular pathways such as insulin dysregulation and amyloid-beta accumulation. Results: The findings reveal that T3DM shares key features with T2DM and AD, including insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. Lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise, alongside routine cognitive and metabolic screenings, are critical in mitigating progression. Conclusions: Further research into diagnostic biomarkers and targeted therapies is essential to manage T3DM and its impact on AD. The role of nursing professionals in early detection, education, and holistic management is emphasized as vital in addressing this dual disease burden. This review offers actionable insights into integrated strategies for addressing these interconnected conditions.

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Open Access March 06, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Impact of Food Security on Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Intake Among Pregnant Women in Low-Resource Settings

Abeer Mohammad Hossain, Zubaida Iftekhar, Rajib Das, Sujit Kumar Banik, Mohammad Shamsul Huda, Abu Ansar Md Rizwan

Universal Journal of Food Security 2025, 2(1), 1-12. DOI: 10.31586/ujfs.2025.6038

Abstract Background: Food security and dietary diversity are essential determinants of maternal health, particularly among pregnant women in refugee populations who face heightened vulnerabilities due to displacement and inadequate living conditions. This study examines the impact of food security on dietary diversity and nutritional intake among pregnant Rohingya women residing in the makeshift [...] Read more.

Background: Food security and dietary diversity are essential determinants of maternal health, particularly among pregnant women in refugee populations who face heightened vulnerabilities due to displacement and inadequate living conditions. This study examines the impact of food security on dietary diversity and nutritional intake among pregnant Rohingya women residing in the makeshift camps of Ukhiya, Cox’s Bazar. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 96 pregnant Rohingya women from June to September 2022. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing socio-demographic characteristics, food security, and dietary diversity. Food security was evaluated using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), while dietary diversity was assessed through a 24-hour dietary recall and a 7-day food frequency questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 26) and Stata (Version 13), employing descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to examine associations. Results: Most participants (57.3%) were food secure, and 85.4% demonstrated high dietary diversity, consuming seven or more food groups. However, 21.9% of households experienced severe food insecurity, highlighting ongoing challenges in food access. The highest consumption was observed for starch, flesh foods, dark green leafy vegetables, and vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables (99.0%), while dairy products (69.8%) and organ meat (34.4%) were consumed less frequently. Despite high dietary diversity, severe food insecurity persists, indicating gaps in food assistance programs. Conclusions: While food support programs appear to contribute to high dietary diversity among pregnant Rohingya women, severe food insecurity remains a significant concern. Strengthening food security interventions, improving access to diverse nutrient-rich foods, and integrating sustainable food assistance models are essential to addressing these challenges. Future research should explore long-term strategies to enhance food security and assess the impact of targeted nutritional interventions on maternal health outcomes in refugee settings.

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Open Access March 03, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Effectiveness and Safety of Acupuncture Combined with Bloodletting Cupping Therapy in the Treatment of Scapulohumeral Periarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hai-Xia Ma, Sun Jinshuai, Xuan-Yue Zhang, Qian-Yi Wen, Bin Lin, Meng Bo, Zhi-Feng Xiao, Juan-Xia Zheng

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 20-33. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.6028

Abstract Background: Scapulohumeral periarthritis commonly afflicts individuals in their middle age. Its etiology is multifaceted, and treatment presents a challenge with a high risk of recurrence. The main symptoms include shoulder pain and limited joint mobility, seriously affect the quality of life of the patients. Recent research indicate that acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping can [...] Read more.

Background: Scapulohumeral periarthritis commonly afflicts individuals in their middle age. Its etiology is multifaceted, and treatment presents a challenge with a high risk of recurrence. The main symptoms include shoulder pain and limited joint mobility, seriously affect the quality of life of the patients. Recent research indicate that acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping can significantly improve the function of activity of shoulder joint and the pain in individuals with scapulohumeral periarthritis. However, these studies have typically been limited in scope, therefore additional research to substantiate the efficacy and safety of these intervention. Methods: To evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping for treating patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis. We conducted an online search of databases in both Chinese and English, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wangfang Data, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the use of acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping in scapulohumeral periarthritis patients. We also examined the references within the identified literature. Search utilised subject headings and free-text terms in both languages, without racial restrictions, for records up to April 3, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated their qualities. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis of the included studies. The protocol of this review was recorded in the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PROSPERO). Its registration number is CRD42023454614. Results: This review incorporated 22 RCTs involving a total of 1,774 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that the clinical effective rate (RR=1.25, 95%CI [1.20, 1.30], P＜0.00001) of treating scapulohumeral periarthritis with acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping was higher in the experimental group than in the control group. The all of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score (MD=-1.70, 95% CI [-2.17, -1.22], P＜0.00001). Melle score (SMD=-2.45, 95% CI [-2.55, -2.34], P=0.007]) and recurrence rate (RR=0.23, 95% CI [0.07, 0.77], P=0.02) were lower in the experimental group than in the control group with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion: The acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping for the treatment of shoulder impingement syndrome demonstrates definite efficacy and safety, with superior clinical effectiveness, pain relief, improvement in shoulder joint mobility, and reduction in recurrence compared to acupuncture alone. Therefore, it is worthy of being promoted and applied clinically.

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Open Access February 24, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Pembrolizumab-induced myelitis in stage 4 renal clear cell carcinoma: a case report

Vonny Fibrianty Goenawan, Vivien Puspitasari, Mary Christina Elsa, Ratna Sutanto

Open Journal of Medical Sciences 2025, 5(1), 46-50. DOI: 10.31586/ojms.2025.1259

Abstract Pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) protein, is widely used for renal cell carcinoma but rarely causes central nervous system adverse events such as myelitis. A 58-year-old woman with stage IV renal clear cell carcinoma developed radiating hip pain, paresthesia, hypoesthesia (T10 and below), constipation, urinary retention, and sudden [...] Read more.

Pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) protein, is widely used for renal cell carcinoma but rarely causes central nervous system adverse events such as myelitis. A 58-year-old woman with stage IV renal clear cell carcinoma developed radiating hip pain, paresthesia, hypoesthesia (T10 and below), constipation, urinary retention, and sudden right-eye blurred vision one month after her sixth cycle of pembrolizumab and lenvatinib. Neurologic examination revealed asymmetrical inferior paraparesis, upper motor neuron signs, and right eye papilledema. MRI demonstrated patchy hyperintensity on C2-C6 and T2-T5, supportive of myelitis. Intravenous methylprednisolone was initiated, leading to pain relief and motor improvement. This is the first reported case of pembrolizumab-induced myelitis in Indonesia, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and corticosteroid therapy for optimal recovery.

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Open Access February 24, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Women Hearts on the Line: Exploring the Correlation Between Anthropometric Parameters, Blood Pressure, and Peripartum Cardiomyopathy

Hayatu Umar, Adamu Jibril Bamaiyi, Simeon Alabi Isezuo, Raghu Cherukupalli, Oborien Omokhudu Isa, Abubakar Sadiq Maiyaki, Garba Sanusi, Aminu Abbas, Murtala Audu Ngabea, Nura Maiyadi Ibrahim

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 6-19. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.1267

Abstract Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a life-threatening heart muscle disease of unknown aetiology that affects women during the peripartum period, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. While many studies have observed normal blood pressure (BP) in PPCM patients, none have explored whether their BP is appropriate for their body size. This study investigated the correlation between [...] Read more.

Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a life-threatening heart muscle disease of unknown aetiology that affects women during the peripartum period, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. While many studies have observed normal blood pressure (BP) in PPCM patients, none have explored whether their BP is appropriate for their body size. This study investigated the correlation between body anthropometric parameters and BP in PPCM patients, comparing the findings with those of age-matched normal peripartum controls. Methods: A cohort of 105 women, each from PPCM and matched normal peripartum control groups, were recruited from three healthcare facilities in Sokoto. Blood pressure (BP) parameters were assessed in relation to their anthropometric measurements, and the findings were compared between the two groups. Results: The PPCM patients were significantly smaller in body weight (57.0 ±11.6 Kg vs 66.8 ±13.8 Kg, P <.0001), body mass index (BMI) (21.9 ±4.1 Kg/m2 vs 25.4 ±5.4 Kg/m2, P <.0001, body surface area (BSA) (1.3 ±0.7 m2 vs 1.7 ±0.2 m2, P <.0001), Lean body mass (LBM) (45.3 ±7.0 Kg vs 49.4 ±4.1 Kg, P <.0001) and Percentage body fat (BF) (23.5 ±10.9 % vs 31.2 ±6.9 %, P <.0001). Similarly, PPCM patients had significantly higher systolic BP (SBP), Pulse pressure (PP) and Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) compared to the normal peripartum PPCM control. Further, linear regression analysis showed that there was higher slope of the relationship between anthropometric indices and SBP and PP in the PPCM cohort, compared to the normal peripartum control group. A similar trend of the slope was seen in the Pearson’s coefficient of the relationship of the anthropometries and BP parameters. Conclusions: This study found that women with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) exhibited disproportionately higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure (PP) for each unit increase in anthropometric measurements compared to normal peripartum controls. Notably, PPCM patients had significantly lower anthropometric measures, potentially attributable to poverty and chronic undernutrition. Additionally, the effects of poor antenatal care, lack of immunization and recurrent infection should be considered. These findings suggest an abnormal relationship between anthropometry and blood pressure in PPCM patients, which may have detrimental effects on their cardiovascular health. This abnormal relationship may contribute to the development of heart failure (HF) in PPCM patients and potentially increase the risk in women susceptible to PPCM. Even-though our assumption, yet to be proven. To address this concerning trend in vulnerable populations, improvements in nutritional status, socioeconomic determinants health, adequate antenatal care (ANC), immunization, and infection prevention should be considered.

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Open Access February 21, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Diminished Returns of Educational Attainment on Unpaid and Paid Maternity Leave of Mothers Giving Birth in Poverty

Shervin Assari, Mojgan Azadi, Hossein Zare

Universal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2025, 4(1), 1-11. DOI: 10.31586/ujog.2025.1240

Abstract Background: Maternity leave, whether paid or unpaid, is a critical resource that can significantly impact maternal well-being and newborn outcomes. However, its availability and utilization among mothers living in poverty remain understudied. Education is widely recognized as a key factor that increases access to both paid and unpaid leave. However, the theory of Minorities’ [...] Read more.

Background: Maternity leave, whether paid or unpaid, is a critical resource that can significantly impact maternal well-being and newborn outcomes. However, its availability and utilization among mothers living in poverty remain understudied. Education is widely recognized as a key factor that increases access to both paid and unpaid leave. However, the theory of Minorities’ Diminished Returns (MDRs) posits that structural racism, segregation, and labor market discrimination limit the benefits of socioeconomic resources, such as education, for Black and Latino individuals. This suggests that the effects of education on maternity leave may not be uniform across racial and ethnic groups. Objective: This study aimed to examine the MDRs of education on access to unpaid and paid maternity leave among Black and Latino mothers compared to White mothers giving birth while living in poverty. Methods: We utilized baseline data from the Baby’s First Years Study (BFY), a longitudinal investigation of the effects of poverty on child development. The sample consisted of 1,050 mothers living in poverty who had recently given birth. Maternity leave (paid and unpaid) was assessed via self-report, and educational attainment was measured in years of schooling. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and interaction terms were employed to analyze racial and ethnic differences in the relationship between education and access to maternity leave. Results: Educational attainment was positively associated with access to unpaid maternity leave for the overall sample of mothers giving birth in poverty, but this association was weaker for Black and Latino mothers compared to non-Latino White mothers. Education did not significantly increase the likelihood of paid maternity leave, and there were no group differences for this association. Conclusion: This study highlights the urgent needs to address structural racism, labor market discrimination, and residential segregation that diminish the impact of education on living conditions for Black and Latino mothers, compared to non-Latino White mothers, even for those living under poverty. Policymakers and practitioners should develop targeted interventions to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in access to paid and unpaid maternity leave and other critical resources, particularly for new mothers living in poverty. Addressing these inequities is essential for improving maternal and newborn health outcomes and promoting social justice.

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Open Access February 15, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Knowledge related to umbilical cord care among mothers of neonates attending outpatient departments in Sherpur district, Bangladesh

Md Tamim Islam, Tanzina Akter, Md Omar Faruk, Rima Rani, Jinnat Haq Nipo, Akhi Roy Mita, Abu Ansar Md Rizwan

Open Journal of Medical Sciences 2025, 5(1), 32-45. DOI: 10.31586/ojms.2025.1262

Abstract Background: Proper umbilical cord care prevents neonatal infections and reduces neonatal mortality. Despite global recommendations for evidence-based cord care practices, traditional beliefs, and inadequate maternal knowledge often lead to unsafe practices, particularly in low-resource settings like Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the understanding of umbilical cord care among [...] Read more.

Background: Proper umbilical cord care prevents neonatal infections and reduces neonatal mortality. Despite global recommendations for evidence-based cord care practices, traditional beliefs, and inadequate maternal knowledge often lead to unsafe practices, particularly in low-resource settings like Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the understanding of umbilical cord care among mothers of neonates in Sherpur District, Bangladesh, and identify factors associated with knowledge levels. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July to October 2020 at Sherpur Sadar Hospital. A total of 193 mothers of neonates were recruited using a non-randomized purposive sampling method. Data was collected through a pre-tested, semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Knowledge levels were categorized as "Good" (>6) or "Poor" (≤6) based on responses to 10 structured questions. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and crude odds ratios (COR), were performed to identify socio-demographic factors associated with knowledge levels. Results: Of the 193 participants, 48.7% demonstrated "Good" knowledge, while 51.3% had "Poor" knowledge. Education level (p = 0.01), occupation (p = 0.02), family type (p < 0.001), and family size (p = 0.04) were significantly associated with knowledge levels. Mothers with higher education and those from joint families exhibited better knowledge. However, 28.5% of respondents were unaware of the typical umbilical cord-shedding timeframe, and 44% could not identify signs of infection. Unsafe practices, such as using medications (14.5%) or hot compression (7.2%) for drying the cord, were reported. Conclusion: The study reveals significant gaps in maternal knowledge regarding umbilical cord care in Sherpur District, driven by socio-demographic disparities and cultural practices. Targeted health education programs, emphasizing evidence-based cord care practices and leveraging local social structures, are urgently needed to improve neonatal health outcomes in similar resource-limited settings. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions to inform policy and practice.

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Open Access February 14, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

A multi-loci time-series descriptive study on noise levels in a pediatric emergency care department

Yuan Luo, Liping Zhao, Yunchen Li

Current Research in Public Health 2025, 5(1), 1-11. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2025.1091

Abstract Objective: To investigate the status of the acoustic environment of a typical Chinese pediatric emergency care department in a time series and identify the relationship between noise levels and factors such as crowd density and movement. Methods: A descriptive study was designed based on a multi-loci time-series method. We measured three loci under three variable settings: the [...] Read more.

Objective: To investigate the status of the acoustic environment of a typical Chinese pediatric emergency care department in a time series and identify the relationship between noise levels and factors such as crowd density and movement. Methods: A descriptive study was designed based on a multi-loci time-series method. We measured three loci under three variable settings: the decibel value, observation volume, and emergency care volume. Results: The noise levels of the three loci were significantly higher than the internationally recommended levels, exceeding rate reached more than 86.3%. The 24-hour mean map of the three loci showed similar fluctuation patterns, all of which had two peaks at approximately 10:00 AM and 16:00 PM. Conclusions: The daytime and nighttime noise levels were well-fitted by cubic functions with different coefficients. It is suggested that crowd density and movement may play important roles in noise mean fluctuations, which can be optimized to ensure a satisfactory environment in a pediatric emergency care department.

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Open Access February 07, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Factors Affecting Pain Scale Preferences among Populations in Indonesia: Comparison Study between Suburban and Rural Areas

Kennytha Yoesdyanto, Henoch Gugun Parulian Siahaan, Yusak Mangara Tua Siahaan

Open Journal of Medical Sciences 2025, 5(1), 13-17. DOI: 10.31586/ojms.2025.1235

Abstract Introduction: Pain is considered as the fifth vital sign that should be considered in assessing patients. For clinicians to evaluate and determine the right pain interventions, there should be parameters such as pain scale. Our objective in this study is to determine factors affecting pain scale preferences in suburban and rural populations. The pain scales used in this study are FPS-R [...] Read more.

Introduction: Pain is considered as the fifth vital sign that should be considered in assessing patients. For clinicians to evaluate and determine the right pain interventions, there should be parameters such as pain scale. Our objective in this study is to determine factors affecting pain scale preferences in suburban and rural populations. The pain scales used in this study are FPS-R (Faces Pain Scale-Revised), VRS (Verbal Rating Scale), VAS (Visual Analogue Scale), and NRS (Numering Rating Scale). Method: This study uses observational design with an interview approach and a cross-sectional study. Areas covered are within Indonesia, which are marginal areas of Tangerang district border, and two rural areas in Serukam, West Kalimantan, and Soe, East Nusa Tenggara. Data collected will be analyzed using SPSS 25 software. Result: Populations within the suburban areas prefer NRS (52.08%) as their pain scale, and populations in rural areas prefer FPS-R 76.92%). Factors affecting pain scale preferences are location areas, as well as last education, with statistical significance of p<0.05. Discussion: Our study showed that the choice of several pain scales is not appropriate for specific demographics due to the complexity of these scales. Factors that should be considered are the location areas and education level, as some population in remote areas have better understanding of simpler pain scales. Conclusion: Complexity or simpler components may be an underlying reason for the preference of score selection to assess pain scales in some population. Therefore, the selection of pain scales should be adjusted to specific demographics so that clinicians can provide appropriate management with appropriate pain scales.

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Open Access February 04, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

The Use of Differentiated Instruction to Achieve Culturally Responsive Teaching

Monica Gakii Ituma

Open Journal of Educational Research 2025, 5(1), 13-30. DOI: 10.31586/ojer.2025.1234

Abstract With an increasing diversity of learners in today’s educational set-ups, there is an insurmountable need to cater for individual differences including the cultural variations among learners. It is therefore necessary for educators to develop culturally responsive teaching that enhances intercultural competencies of learners. As educators strive to provide inclusive learning environments in which [...] Read more.

With an increasing diversity of learners in today’s educational set-ups, there is an insurmountable need to cater for individual differences including the cultural variations among learners. It is therefore necessary for educators to develop culturally responsive teaching that enhances intercultural competencies of learners. As educators strive to provide inclusive learning environments in which learners from diverse cultural backgrounds learn equitably, differentiated instruction becomes a practical tool. This paper explores how differentiated instruction can support and enhance culturally responsive teaching by examining how tailored instructional approaches can bridge cultural gaps and enhance educational outcomes. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how educators can effectively integrate differentiated instructional methodologies to achieve the goals of Culturally Responsive Teaching. The study used a descriptive survey design to determine the use of differentiated instruction by junior school teachers in Kenya and a systematic review of literature, practical examples, and studies on teachers’ practices in culturally responsive teaching. The study outcomes indicated that teachers used various differentiated instructional strategies with flexible grouping being the most commonly used strategy. However, there arises a concern, that teachers were not very familiar with cultural variations of learners in their classrooms even as they developed their differentiated instructional strategies. Literature provided the principles and practices of culturally responsive teaching. The combination of these results were used to formulate a conceptual framework for Culturally Responsive Differentiated Instruction (CRDI) that provides insights for practitioners to develop and implement culturally responsive differentiated instructional strategies. The study recommends that a framework to support teachers in the implementation of inclusive and equitable curriculum through CRDI be developed, CRDI be integrated into the teaching processes and the teachers be trained on providing for learner differences through CRDI.

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Open Access January 15, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Prevalence and determinants of mental health stress among nursing students in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

Tania Akter, Mst Habiba Benta Hasan, Most Nasrin Khatun, Abu Ansar Md Rizwan

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 1-9. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.1227

Abstract Background: Nursing students are exposed to significant stress due to academic and clinical demands, which can adversely affect their mental health, academic performance, and future clinical competence. Despite the global acknowledgment of this issue, limited research has been conducted to explore the prevalence and determinants of stress among nursing students in Bangladesh. [...] Read more.

Background: Nursing students are exposed to significant stress due to academic and clinical demands, which can adversely affect their mental health, academic performance, and future clinical competence. Despite the global acknowledgment of this issue, limited research has been conducted to explore the prevalence and determinants of stress among nursing students in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2023 to February 2024 among 372 nursing students enrolled in selected nursing colleges in Bangladesh. A purposive sampling technique was used, and data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed socio-demographic characteristics, academic challenges, and psychological symptoms, with mental health stress measured using a Likert scale. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used to analyze the data, with a 95% confidence interval applied to all analyses. Results: The findings revealed that 31.7% of nursing students experienced severe stress, 23.9% reported moderate stress, and 16.7% had mild stress. Age, academic semester, and course load difficulties were significantly associated with stress levels (p < 0.05). Psychological symptoms such as anxiety, difficulty concentrating, and loss of interest in activities were also significantly linked to higher stress levels. Notably, students in their first semester and those reporting harder course loads were more likely to experience stress. However, gender was not significantly associated with stress levels. Conclusions: This study underscores the high prevalence of stress among nursing students in Bangladesh, driven by academic and clinical challenges and psychological symptoms. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions, such as stress management training, enhanced mental health support, and policies to alleviate academic pressures. Future research should explore longitudinal trends in stress and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to support a resilient nursing workforce.

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Open Access January 11, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Exploring LiDAR Applications for Urban Feature Detection: Leveraging AI for Enhanced Feature Extraction from LiDAR Data

Olly Harouni, Alan Forghani, Maria Rashidi, Payam Rahnamayiezekavat

World Journal of Geomatics and Geosciences 2025, 4(1), 1-11. DOI: 10.31586/wjgg.2025.1242

Abstract The integration of LiDAR and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized feature detection in urban environments. LiDAR systems, which utilize pulsed laser emissions and reflection measurements, produce detailed 3D maps of urban landscapes. When combined with AI, this data enables accurate identification of urban features such as buildings, green spaces, and infrastructure. This synergy is [...] Read more.

The integration of LiDAR and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized feature detection in urban environments. LiDAR systems, which utilize pulsed laser emissions and reflection measurements, produce detailed 3D maps of urban landscapes. When combined with AI, this data enables accurate identification of urban features such as buildings, green spaces, and infrastructure. This synergy is crucial for enhancing urban development, environmental monitoring, and advancing smart city governance. LiDAR, known for its high-resolution 3D data capture capabilities, paired with AI, particularly deep learning algorithms, facilitates advanced analysis and interpretation of urban areas. This combination supports precise mapping, real-time monitoring, and predictive modeling of urban growth and infrastructure. For instance, AI can process LiDAR data to identify patterns and anomalies, aiding in traffic management, environmental oversight, and infrastructure maintenance. These advancements not only improve urban living conditions but also contribute to sustainable development by optimizing resource use and reducing environmental impacts. Furthermore, AI-enhanced LiDAR is pivotal in advancing autonomous navigation and sophisticated spatial analysis, marking a significant step forward in urban management and evaluation. The reviewed paper highlights the geometric properties of LiDAR data, derived from spatial point positioning, and underscores the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms in object extraction from point clouds. The study also covers concepts related to LiDAR imaging, feature selection methods, and the identification of outliers in LiDAR point clouds. Findings demonstrate that AI algorithms, especially deep learning models, excel in analyzing high-resolution 3D LiDAR data for accurate urban feature identification and classification. These models leverage extensive datasets to detect patterns and anomalies, improving the detection of buildings, roads, vegetation, and other elements. Automating feature extraction with AI minimizes the need for manual analysis, thereby enhancing urban planning and management efficiency. Additionally, AI methods continually improve with more data, leading to increasingly precise feature detection. The results indicate that the pulse emitted by continuous wave LiDAR sensors changes when encountering obstacles, causing discrepancies in measured physical parameters.

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Open Access January 10, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management during the omicron variant period in a tertiary hospital in Japan

Masafumi Seki, Chie Kubosawa, Makoto Ono, Fumitaka Kamoshita, Atsuko Shimizu, Kotaro Mitsutake

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 1-5. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.1231

Abstract Background: Severe COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management were not very rare even when the omicron variant became dominant, but the clinical characteristics of these patients are still unclear. Methods: The clinical characteristics of severe COVID-19 patients requiring ventilator management were retrospectively investigated from January 2023 to December 2023. [...] Read more.

Background: Severe COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management were not very rare even when the omicron variant became dominant, but the clinical characteristics of these patients are still unclear. Methods: The clinical characteristics of severe COVID-19 patients requiring ventilator management were retrospectively investigated from January 2023 to December 2023. Results: Severe COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management accounted for 11 of 275 (4.2%) patients during the omicron variant period. Their mean age was 70.7 (51-85) years, and males were predominant. Ten of eleven (91.7%) patients were managed in the emergency department and had underlying diseases, including chronic lung/heart/kidney diseases and neurological diseases. However, only 4 of 11 (36.4%) had a clear history of vaccination. The patients showed a positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen titer of 3305.7 (12.9-20912). All 11 patients were treated with remdesivir and dexamethasone, and 5 (45.5%) also received sotrovimab. Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 7 of 11 (63.6%) patients, and all 11 patients were treated with antibiotics. Only 3 of 11 (27.3%) patients were managed using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), but 9 of 11(81.8%) patients survived. Conclusions: These data suggest that severe COVID-19 patients who required ventilator management were less-vaccinated, elderly patients with underlying disease. These patients were treated successfully using antiviral agents, steroids, neutralizing antibodies, and antibiotics, with a few also treated using ECMO in the omicron era.

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Open Access January 10, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Artificial Immune Systems: A Bio-Inspired Paradigm for Computational Intelligence

Praveen Kumar Myakala, Chiranjeevi Bura, Anil Kumar Jonnalagadda

Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data 2025, 5(1), 1-13. DOI: 10.31586/jaibd.2025.1233

Abstract Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) are bio-inspired computational frameworks that emulate the adaptive mechanisms of the human immune system, such as self/non-self discrimination, clonal selection, and immune memory. These systems have demonstrated significant potential in addressing complex challenges across optimization, anomaly detection, and adaptive system control. This paper provides a [...] Read more.

Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) are bio-inspired computational frameworks that emulate the adaptive mechanisms of the human immune system, such as self/non-self discrimination, clonal selection, and immune memory. These systems have demonstrated significant potential in addressing complex challenges across optimization, anomaly detection, and adaptive system control. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of AIS applications in domains such as cybersecurity, resource allocation, and autonomous systems, highlighting the growing importance of hybrid AIS models. Recent advancements, including integrations with machine learning, quantum computing, and bioinformatics, are discussed as solutions to scalability, high-dimensional data processing, and efficiency challenges. Core algorithms, such as the Negative Selection Algorithm (NSA) and Clonal Selection Algorithm (CSA), are examined, along with limitations in interpretability and compatibility with emerging AI paradigms. The paper concludes by proposing future research directions, emphasizing scalable hybrid frameworks, quantum-inspired approaches, and real-time adaptive systems, underscoring AIS's transformative potential across diverse computational fields.

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Open Access January 04, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Knowledge Level of Street Fruit Vendors on Food Hygiene in the Tamale Metropolis

Patience Kpekurah

Universal Journal of Food Science and Technology 2025, 3(1), 1-11. DOI: 10.31586/ujfst.2025.1226

Abstract This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of street food vendors on hygiene in the Tamale metropolis in the Northern Region of Ghana. The study employed the health belief model as the theoretical basis. Quantitatively, the study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design to examine the microbial load of street-cut fruits and assess the knowledge and practice of vendors of cut fruits [...] Read more.

This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of street food vendors on hygiene in the Tamale metropolis in the Northern Region of Ghana. The study employed the health belief model as the theoretical basis. Quantitatively, the study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design to examine the microbial load of street-cut fruits and assess the knowledge and practice of vendors of cut fruits on personal and food hygiene in the study setting. The population consists of cut and vented pawpaw, watermelon, and street fruit vendors registered with the health directorate in the Tamale Metropolis. A convenient sampling technique was used to select 113 respondents for the study. The Yamane formula was used to determine the sample size to select one hundred and thirteen participants (113) out of one hundred and fifty-eight street fruit vendors in the Tamale Metropolis. The main instrument for data collection was a questionnaire. A questionnaire had close-ended questions which were developed using a 'Yes' and 'No' response, and a four-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1=Strongly Disagree (SD), 2=Disagree (D), 3=Agree (A) and 4= Strongly Agree (SA). The data were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentages, means and standard deviation). The findings revealed that the overall knowledge level of respondents is low. The findings also indicate that vendors do not control the rate at which their customers touch their vended fruits. It is recommended that Street fruit vendors and handlers be educated on fruit hygiene practices through engagement by the Health Directorate Unit of Tamale Metropolis and the Ministry of Health. To keep consumers safe, the Tamale Metropolitan Assembly must strictly enforce compliance with regulations on operation permits and health clearance certificates. Metropolitan sanitation officers must regularly monitor fruit vendors to ensure compliance with goods.

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Open Access January 02, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

A review of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. ethnobotany in Italy and North Africa

Miriam Patti, Meriem Miyassa Aci, Maria Rosaria Tassone, Carmelo Maria Musarella

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2025, 5(1), 18-39. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2025.1111

Abstract Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., commonly known as prickly pear, is a versatile plant widely used for food, medicinal, and cosmetic purposes in various regions of the Mediterranean and North Africa. This study provides a comparative ethnobotanical review of prickly pear uses in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and Italy. In total, 74 articles were selected from ethnobotanical uses in Italy, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia. In the Maghreb, the plant is used for fruit production and processed products, such as jams, oils, and flours, as well as for traditional medicinal purposes. In Algeria and Morocco, the fruits and cladodes are used to treat digestive disorders, diabetes, and skin diseases. In Tunisia, products derived from O. ficus-indica are also applied in the cosmetic industry and for erosion control. In Italy, particularly in Sicily and Calabria, the prickly pear is a vital resource, used for both food consumption and for medicinal purposes. The cladodes, rich in mucilage, are applied as topical remedies for skin problems, while the fruits are a key ingredient in the preparation of traditional desserts. Furthermore, O. ficus-indica [...] Read more.

Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., commonly known as prickly pear, is a versatile plant widely used for food, medicinal, and cosmetic purposes in various regions of the Mediterranean and North Africa. This study provides a comparative ethnobotanical review of prickly pear uses in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and Italy. In total, 74 articles were selected from ethnobotanical uses in Italy, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia. In the Maghreb, the plant is used for fruit production and processed products, such as jams, oils, and flours, as well as for traditional medicinal purposes. In Algeria and Morocco, the fruits and cladodes are used to treat digestive disorders, diabetes, and skin diseases. In Tunisia, products derived from O. ficus-indica are also applied in the cosmetic industry and for erosion control. In Italy, particularly in Sicily and Calabria, the prickly pear is a vital resource, used for both food consumption and for medicinal purposes. The cladodes, rich in mucilage, are applied as topical remedies for skin problems, while the fruits are a key ingredient in the preparation of traditional desserts. Furthermore, O. ficus-indica has historically been used as forage and to produce natural dyes. Results indicate that the versatility of this species, combined with its ability to adapt to extreme climates, makes it a valuable resource for the development of new nutraceutical and cosmetic products. However, further scientific research is necessary to explore the bio-functional potential of this plant and to promote its broader and more sustainable use, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.

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Open Access January 02, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Ambient Air Quality and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Potentially Toxic Silver-Polluted Environment

Unyeawaji Brownson Ntesat, David Ojadi, Chinwendu Emeka, Reuben Nwomandah Okparanma

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2025, 5(1), 1-17. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2025.1058

Abstract Silver nanoparticles (Ag⁺NPs) contamination in the environment is a serious concern. This study investigated selected heavy metal (Ag⁺, Cd^2+, Cr²⁺ and Pb²⁺) concentrations at different sampling points to assess the risk to human health (infants, children, and adults). To do this, an enclosed area (laboratory) of 12.6 m X 8.5 m (107.1 [...] Read more.

Silver nanoparticles (Ag⁺NPs) contamination in the environment is a serious concern. This study investigated selected heavy metal (Ag⁺, Cd^2+, Cr²⁺ and Pb²⁺) concentrations at different sampling points to assess the risk to human health (infants, children, and adults). To do this, an enclosed area (laboratory) of 12.6 m X 8.5 m (107.1 m²) was clearly marked at different coded distances of S1, S2, S3, and S4 representing 2, 4, 6, and 8 m, while unpolluted atmosphere at 50 m away without Ag⁺NPs served as the control (S5). The silver fireworks were allowed to burn for an approximate 00h03m30s at each sampling points using a high-volume air sampler mounted at the Environmental Engineering Departmental Laboratory, Rivers State University, with windows and doors closed to simulate indoor conditions. Samples were digested using a mixture of analytical-grade nitric acid, analytical-grade hydrochloric acid and analyzed to evaluate the levels of heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The Ag⁺ result at S1 shows 30,000 µg/cm³, S2 was 29,000 µg/cm³, while S3 was 28000 µg/cm³ and then S4 was 13,000 µg/cm³. These results exceeded the permissible values of the United States National Ambient Air Concentration for rural, urban and industrial areas (0.0005, 0.004 and 0.6 µg/cm³, respectively). The result for the control (S5) (0.037 µg/cm³) was within the maximum allowable value. Results from other heavy metals such as Cd were 1000, 743, 401, 153, 0.001 µg/cm³, Cr was 5000, 4000, 3729, 2960, 0.002 µg/cm³, Pb was 0.048, 0.041, 0.035, 0.034 and 0.01, µg/cm³, respectively. However, higher values of Ag⁺, Cd, and Cr indicated a higher propensity for the metals to be toxic (bioavailable). In addition, the assessment of the potential health risk posed by these metals proved contaminated and harmful. Visitors recorded high values in exposure concentration (EC) and low values in average daily dose (ADD).

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Open Access December 11, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Salsola tragus L. (Amaranthaceae) and Thymelaea gussonei Boreau (Thymelaeaceae): new records for the native vascular flora of Calabria (S-Italy) with some remarks about their taxonomy and distribution

Alberto Capuano, Giulia Montepaone, Valerio Lazzeri, Giuseppe Caruso

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 61-79. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.883

Abstract Recent field investigations, performed across some of the less floristically known sectors of Calabria, have led to the discovery of Salsola tragus and Thymelaea gussonei [...] Read more.

Recent field investigations, performed across some of the less floristically known sectors of Calabria, have led to the discovery of Salsola tragus and Thymelaea gussonei, two new species for the regional vascular flora. By providing crucial biogeographical and taxonomic remarks, this work aims to contribute to the improvement of the knowledge of the rich, diversified and still poorly known native flora of Calabria. The biogeographical value of these new findings underlines the decisive role of field survey in the enhancement of the information on regional biodiversity, the essential basis for every further ecological study and conservation effort.

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Open Access December 10, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Psychological Corollaries, Self-Care and Coping Behaviors of Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review

Eduardo II A. Kabristante, Mark Joseph Asuncion, Elaine A. Lim, Ericson Batan, Ronnel Reyes, Ronalyn Topacio

World Journal of Nursing Research 2024, 3(1), 98-117. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2024.1200

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant psychological challenges to frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), including anxiety, stress, and emotional strain. Aim: This study investigates the psychological impact on HCWs during the pandemic and explores coping strategies employed to manage distress. Methods: An integrative review was conducted using 24 studies published [...] Read more.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant psychological challenges to frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), including anxiety, stress, and emotional strain. Aim: This study investigates the psychological impact on HCWs during the pandemic and explores coping strategies employed to manage distress. Methods: An integrative review was conducted using 24 studies published between January and December 2020. These studies were analyzed to identify common psychological outcomes and coping mechanisms among HCWs. Results: Healthcare workers experienced significant psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, including anxiety, stress, insomnia, and depression. Anxiety was the most commonly reported issue, particularly among women, younger healthcare workers, and frontline staff. Stress levels were heightened by high workloads, exposure to COVID-19 patients, and inadequate protective measures. Coping strategies and self-care behaviors, such as seeking social support and utilizing institutional resources, varied in effectiveness across populations. Conclusion: The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted mental health support and resilience programs for HCWs, ensuring they are better equipped to face future health crises.

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Open Access December 03, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Diabetes Nursing Education Its Implication Towards an Improved Quality of Life of Persons with Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Cherdel Marie T. Carrera, Cliff Richard T. Mabasa, Reggie Mae D. Jasmin, Dennis B. Brosola, Marijane V. Anacito, Melba C. Palcon, Mila C. Herrera, Vito D. Paje III

World Journal of Nursing Research 2024, 3(1), 86-97. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2024.1142

Abstract Background: Diabetes is a chronic global health issue that requires effective management to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Nursing education plays a critical role in empowering diabetic patients with self-management skills. Aim This systematic review evaluates the impact of diabetes-focused nursing education on patient outcomes and quality of life. Methods: This study [...] Read more.

Background: Diabetes is a chronic global health issue that requires effective management to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Nursing education plays a critical role in empowering diabetic patients with self-management skills. Aim This systematic review evaluates the impact of diabetes-focused nursing education on patient outcomes and quality of life. Methods: This study uses PRISMA guidelines and a systematic approach to identify and evaluate relevant literature. Results and Discussion: Among the 14 studies reviewed, eight emphasized self-management education, while four incorporated multidisciplinary approaches. Findings consistently demonstrated that structured nursing education programs significantly improved self-management behaviors, glycemic control, and patient knowledge. For instance, nurse-led self-management programs resulted in substantial enhancements in self-care skills and diabetes-related knowledge. Moreover, interventions that combined health education with psychological support were particularly effective, leading to better blood glucose control and increased adherence to treatment. Studies that examined quality of life reported reductions in anxiety, improved lifestyle habits, and better overall self-management. These findings highlight the multifaceted benefits of nursing education, suggesting that structured, supportive programs positively impact both clinical and psychological aspects of diabetes care. Conclusion: The review emphasizes the value of comprehensive nursing education that integrates both clinical guidance and psychological support for holistic diabetes management. Implications: Ongoing professional development and culturally sensitive education programs are recommended to address the diverse needs of diabetic patients. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of nursing education and explore innovative strategies to enhance diabetes management outcomes.

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Open Access November 26, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Impact of Classroom from the Primary Level of the Acquisition of English as a Second Language in Bangladesh

Jannatul Ferdous, Budrunnesa Shuchi, Musanna Afrin

Universal Journal of Literature and Linguistics 2024, 4(1), 83-94. DOI: 10.31586/ujll.2024.1122

Abstract This paper examines the impact of primary level classroom environments on the acquisition of English as a second language (L2) in Bangladesh, comparing English-medium and Bangla-medium schools. The study investigates how different instructional approaches and early exposure to English influence language proficiency among students. Through a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, [...] Read more.

This paper examines the impact of primary level classroom environments on the acquisition of English as a second language (L2) in Bangladesh, comparing English-medium and Bangla-medium schools. The study investigates how different instructional approaches and early exposure to English influence language proficiency among students. Through a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and proficiency tests, the research reveals significant differences in language acquisition outcomes between the two educational settings. Findings indicate that students in English-medium schools, who are exposed to Natural approach methods of language learning and immersive English-speaking environments, demonstrate higher proficiency in speaking and listening skills compared to their Bangla-medium counterparts, who primarily receive grammar-focused instruction. The study highlights the critical role of early exposure to English, with students who begin learning the language at a younger age showing better phonological and syntactic development. Additionally, the integration of technology in language teaching emerges as a valuable tool for enhancing language learning, particularly in contexts with limited classroom exposure. The research suggests that Bangla-medium schools could benefit from adopting more interactive, student-centered teaching methods and integrating digital tools to support practical language use. The study's findings have significant implications for educational policy, advocating for a shift towards more immersive and communicative teaching practices to improve English language acquisition in Bangladesh. This research contributes to the broader understanding of SLA and offers practical recommendations for enhancing language education in similar contexts.

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Open Access November 16, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Electrocution Cervical Myelopathy Presenting with Partial Brown Sequard Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Xhelili Malbora, Vyshka Gentian, Alimehmeti Ridvan, Kruja Jera

Global Journal of Medical Case Reports 2024, 4(1), 27-32. DOI: 10.31586/gjmcr.2024.1127

Abstract Background: Electrical injuries are underreported in literature, but they can affect the peripheral and central nervous system causing permanent disability. Aims and objectives: This case report aims to highlight cervical spinal cord injury secondary to electrocution, a rare cause of spinal cord injury. Case report: We report the case of a 54-year-old housewife who presented [...] Read more.

Background: Electrical injuries are underreported in literature, but they can affect the peripheral and central nervous system causing permanent disability. Aims and objectives: This case report aims to highlight cervical spinal cord injury secondary to electrocution, a rare cause of spinal cord injury. Case report: We report the case of a 54-year-old housewife who presented with transient loss of consciousness and right sided hemiparesis following electrocution, while at home. Results: The patient met clinical critera for partial Brown- Sequard syndrome, which to our knowledge, has not been previously reported. She showed significant improvement over a month and is currently under monitoring. Conclusions: Electrical injury is a rare cause of normal MRI myelopathy and the potential for immediate, delayed, and long- term neurological disability.

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Open Access November 15, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Wolf Warrior II: Subtitle Translation and Transcreation of China’s Identity and National Branding from an Intersemiotic-multimodal Approach

Lei Sha

Universal Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 2024, 4(2), 89-113. DOI: 10.31586/ujssh.2024.1117

Abstract The Chinese film Wolf Warrior II floats all the way at the domestic box office, and jumps into the top 100 of the world's film box office rankings. It has achieved great economic success and ratings are overwhelmingly positive in China. Nevertheless, in stark contrast to this, Wolf Warrior II [...] Read more.

The Chinese film Wolf Warrior II floats all the way at the domestic box office, and jumps into the top 100 of the world's film box office rankings. It has achieved great economic success and ratings are overwhelmingly positive in China. Nevertheless, in stark contrast to this, Wolf Warrior II is cold at the box office abroad, and the word of mouth is not satisfactory. Transcreation is the re-creation or adaptation of content for a group of specific target audience. As an inter-related process of translation, a successful and holistic transcreation can arouse the same emotions as well as connotations produced in the target language as the source language. There are different perspectives to detailed translation analysis of China’s identity as a prominent character of contemporary society. Insofar as this research probes into the branding and in subtitle translation, it also constructs a binary theoretical model based on triadic signs of intersemiotic translation and metafunctional framework of multimodal analysis to testify China’s core values in this film and beyond.

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Open Access November 15, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Education Does Not Equally Increase Financial Well-being for All

Shervin Assari, Hossein Zare, Amanda Sonnega

Journal of Social Mathematical & Human Engineering Sciences 2024, 3(1), 62-74. DOI: 10.31586/jsmhes.2024.1113

Abstract Background: Financial well-being is a key domain of overall well-being, encompassing an individual's ability to meet financial obligations, secure their financial future, and maintain a sense of financial freedom. Education is often viewed as a critical pathway to enhancing financial well-being. However, the returns of education on financial well-being are not uniform across racial, ethnic, [...] Read more.

Background: Financial well-being is a key domain of overall well-being, encompassing an individual's ability to meet financial obligations, secure their financial future, and maintain a sense of financial freedom. Education is often viewed as a critical pathway to enhancing financial well-being. However, the returns of education on financial well-being are not uniform across racial, ethnic, and nativity groups. The theory of Minorities’ Diminished Returns (MDRs) suggests that the positive effects of education on outcomes such as income and financial security are weaker for marginalized groups, including Black individuals, Latinos, and immigrants. Objective: This study examines the diminished returns of education on financial well-being among Black, Latino, and immigrant populations in the United States. We aim to investigate how structural inequalities contribute to weaker financial returns on education for these groups compared to their White and native-born counterparts. Methods: We utilized data from the Understanding America Study (UAS 2014) to conduct a cross-sectional analysis of adult respondents. The study assessed financial well-being outcomes (e.g., income, savings, and financial security) and their association with educational attainment across racial, ethnic, and nativity groups. Regression models were employed to test for interaction effects between education and race/ethnicity/nativity, adjusting for sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, employment, and family structure. Results: Our analysis included 8,121 individuals. The mean age of the respondents was 48 years (SD = 16). High education was associated with higher financial well-being (B = 1.284, 95% CI: 1.157, 1.410). The interaction terms between education and immigrant status (B = -0.507, 95% CI: -0.930, -0.084), race (Black) (B = -0.770, 95% CI: -1.208, -0.331), and ethnicity (Hispanic) (B = -0.589, 95% CI: -0.969, -0.210) were all significant, suggesting that immigrant, Black, and Hispanic individuals experience diminished returns on education in terms of financial well-being, relative to US-born non-Hispanic White individuals. The significant negative interactions between education and minority statuses (Black, Hispanic, and immigrant) indicate that while education generally improves financial well-being, the magnitude of this improvement is substantially smaller for these marginalized groups. Conclusion: Understanding how education translates to financial well-being across different racial, ethnic, and nativity groups is critical for addressing persistent financial disparities.

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Open Access November 05, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Effect of Different Processing Methods on Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content of Selected Indigenous Vegetables

Theresia Ponsiano Ngungulu, Alex Wenaty, Bernard Chove, Rashid Suleiman, Hadijah Mbwana

Universal Journal of Food Science and Technology 2024, 2(1), 60-72. DOI: 10.31586/ujfst.2024.1054

Abstract Foods rich in phytochemicals are well recognized for their role in the prevention of chronic disease development, in addition to fulfilling the nutrient requirements. However, different processing methods employed during preparation may affect their levels and functionality as they are sensitive to different processing parameters such as temperature and light. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three common processing methods; boiling, fermentation, and drying (sun and solar drying, with and without blanching), on total phenolic content and total flavonoid content in cassava (Manhot esculenta Crantz), black jack (Bidens pilosa) and bitter lettuce leaves (Launaea cornuta [...] Read more.

Foods rich in phytochemicals are well recognized for their role in the prevention of chronic disease development, in addition to fulfilling the nutrient requirements. However, different processing methods employed during preparation may affect their levels and functionality as they are sensitive to different processing parameters such as temperature and light. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three common processing methods; boiling, fermentation, and drying (sun and solar drying, with and without blanching), on total phenolic content and total flavonoid content in cassava (Manhot esculenta Crantz), black jack (Bidens pilosa) and bitter lettuce leaves (Launaea cornuta) grown in Mkuranga District in the Eastern part of Tanzania. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were analyzed by using the spectrophotometric method with the use of Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminum Chloride reagents, respectively. Total phenolic content ranged from 0.9±0.14 to 85.7 ± 0.56 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/100g and flavonoids ranged from 0.03±0.00 to 3.9±0.03 mg/100g across the treatments. Both parameters were adversely affected by fermentation and boiling, while solar and sun drying only reduced the flavonoid content. Results showed that direct solar and sun drying appear to be effective processing methods, for the retention and maintenance of total phenolic content in all samples while, none proved to be effective for flavonoid content.

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Open Access October 27, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Learners' Initial Conceptions in Science and School Performance

MEDOUGA MBALA Félicité Victorine

Open Journal of Educational Research 2024, 4(6), 336-352. DOI: 10.31586/ojer.2024.1095

Abstract The theme of the study that catches our attention is the initial conceptions of learners in Science and school performance; this theme is based on the competency-based approach in force in Cameroon, which is implemented in several African countries. Insofar as learning is not the accumulation of new knowledge but a cognitive reorganization of old knowledge experienced, it is therefore a question [...] Read more.

The theme of the study that catches our attention is the initial conceptions of learners in Science and school performance; this theme is based on the competency-based approach in force in Cameroon, which is implemented in several African countries. Insofar as learning is not the accumulation of new knowledge but a cognitive reorganization of old knowledge experienced, it is therefore a question of knowing what is the influence of initial conceptions on the academic performance of learners in science. The objective of this research was to show that taking into account the initial conceptions of learners, Biology “SVT” has a lasting influence on learning and thus on the academic performance of learners. To achieve this objective, the study uses the mixed and quasi-experimental method, where two groups of learners were used: a control group and an experimental group. The experimental group was subjected to the teaching-learning system designed for this purpose, and in which the initial conceptions of the learners were taken into account according to do with or go against. In the light of the different hypotheses adopted and the different results of this study, it can be observed that the didactic consideration of the learners' initial conceptions improves their academic performance through the data of the experimental group. In relation to the field of education, this study shows that in order to enable learners to learn and build knowledge in the long term, their initial conceptions must be taken into account in concrete didactics; Otherwise, learning will be sporadic, learners' conceptions will be significant, which will lead to a learning defect perceptible by school failure.

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Open Access October 19, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

The Impact of Extracurricular Activities on Learner's Achievement in EFL: A Study at Daffodil International University

Budrunnesa Shuchi, Jannatul Ferdous, Fahmi Hasan

Open Journal of Educational Research 2024, 4(6), 310-322. DOI: 10.31586/ojer.2024.1086

Abstract Extracurricular activities and academic performance are connected in every aspect of the education system. Daffodil International University is one of the top universities in Bangladesh that focuses on student improvement through extracurricular activities. Extracurricular activities help students improve skills like leadership, teamwork, and analytical abilities. Do extracurricular activities [...] Read more.

Extracurricular activities and academic performance are connected in every aspect of the education system. Daffodil International University is one of the top universities in Bangladesh that focuses on student improvement through extracurricular activities. Extracurricular activities help students improve skills like leadership, teamwork, and analytical abilities. Do extracurricular activities help English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students improve their academic performance? This evaluation aims to find out this question among Daffodil International University students. The study focused on both qualitative and quantitative data. Therefore, the data analysis followed a mixed method. The quantitative data focused on the students' participation in extracurricular activities. Respectively, the comparison between their participation and EFL course improvement. On the other hand, the qualitative data focused on the interviewee's experience. However, it's been proven that though extracurricular activities help students improve their other soft skills, they actually don't have as much impact on improving their EFL course curriculum performance.

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Open Access April 29, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Floristic composition of vascular epiphytes in a disturbed forest of the Douala- Edea National Park (Cameroon)

Jacques Bruno Ngotta Biyon, Constant Borel Kenfack, Seraphine Ebenye Mokake, Danielle Magloire Bell, Jean Lagarde Betti

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 29-42. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.701

Abstract The Douala-Edea National Park is a coastal protected area that opens to the Atlantic Ocean, and contains an abundant wildlife which finds a privilege habitat there, and certain taxa such as epiphytes, which are of particular interest for conservation. In many tropical forests, vascular epiphytes are one of the richest taxa, with major impacts on the nutrient and hydrological cycles. The aim of this research was to study the effect of the disturbance of habitat on the floristic composition of vascular epiphytes in the Douala-Edea National Park. This study was carried out between January - April 2021 in three types of disturbed habitats at the northern part of the park. Three plots of 100 m × 100 m dimensions were laid out across three ecosystems along the Sanaga river. The sampling method consisted in the direct observation of five adjacent transects of 100 m x 20 m dimensions inside each plot. Epiphytes species were evaluated on all trees of DBH ≥10 cm. Epiphytes' life-forms and the position on the host trees occupied by the epiphytes were also recorded. A total of 18 species belonging to 16 genera and 13 families were identified. Culcasia sp. was the most common species with a relative frequency of 30.27%. Biological indicators were represented by Ferns, with four species, and Orchidaceae, with one species. [...] Read more.

The Douala-Edea National Park is a coastal protected area that opens to the Atlantic Ocean, and contains an abundant wildlife which finds a privilege habitat there, and certain taxa such as epiphytes, which are of particular interest for conservation. In many tropical forests, vascular epiphytes are one of the richest taxa, with major impacts on the nutrient and hydrological cycles. The aim of this research was to study the effect of the disturbance of habitat on the floristic composition of vascular epiphytes in the Douala-Edea National Park. This study was carried out between January - April 2021 in three types of disturbed habitats at the northern part of the park. Three plots of 100 m × 100 m dimensions were laid out across three ecosystems along the Sanaga river. The sampling method consisted in the direct observation of five adjacent transects of 100 m x 20 m dimensions inside each plot. Epiphytes species were evaluated on all trees of DBH ≥10 cm. Epiphytes' life-forms and the position on the host trees occupied by the epiphytes were also recorded. A total of 18 species belonging to 16 genera and 13 families were identified. Culcasia sp. was the most common species with a relative frequency of 30.27%. Biological indicators were represented by Ferns, with four species, and Orchidaceae, with one species. The epiphytes species richness was highest in the low disturbed habitat (13 species), and lowest in the highly disturbed habitat (8 species). Strict epiphytes were highly recorded in the low disturbed habitat (6 species), and were absent in the highly disturbed habitat. Hemi-epiphytes were the commonest life-form (12 species) in the highly disturbed habitat, and have been defined as indicators of the perturbation of the habitat. Canopy was mostly sollicitated by epiphytes in the low disturbed habitat (66.25%) than the moderate disturbed habitat (49.85%), and highly disturbed habitat (30.66%). It has been found that the different forest sites have an influence on the typology of epiphytic species, and therefore, epiphytic flora should be managed for the conservation of the biodiversity in tropical forests.

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Open Access April 29, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Predictors of Patient Outcomes Associated with Transfer Status to Definitive Care Hospitals: A Study of Admitted Road Traffic Injured Patients in Two Major Trauma Hospitals in The Gambia

Edrisa Sanyang, Paul Bass, Bakary Ndow, Abubacarr Jagne, Erin M. Reynolds

Current Research in Public Health 2024, 4(1), 13-25. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2024.820

Abstract The Gambia uses the Primary Health Care model with no trauma response system. Trauma patients are transferred through multiple levels of health care facilities before definitive care hospitals. This study was conducted to identify predictors of injury factors associated with transfer. In this study, we examined characteristics of transferred patients compared to those directly admitted in [...] Read more.

The Gambia uses the Primary Health Care model with no trauma response system. Trauma patients are transferred through multiple levels of health care facilities before definitive care hospitals. This study was conducted to identify predictors of injury factors associated with transfer. In this study, we examined characteristics of transferred patients compared to those directly admitted in definitive care hospitals. The study was conducted in two major trauma hospitals in The Gambia. 251 road traffic injury (RTI) patients were either transferred (84%) from lower-level health centers or directly admitted (16%) to one of the study hospitals. Transferred patients were more likely to have been pedestrian/bicyclists (aOR = 1.81; 95% CI = 0.86 – 3.80). Administration of antibiotics was significantly associated with direct admit than transferred patients (aOR = 6.84; 95% CI = 2.38 – 19.68). Transferred patients were more likely to receive intravenous fluid compared to direct admits (aOR = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.01 – 0.08). The study results have implications for policies and planning in the healthcare setting in The Gambia and other LMICs with similar settings. Based on the findings of this study, it is essential that hospital management teams adapt to increasing reliance of RTI patients on lower-level healthcare facilities. The study results suggest increased burden on lower-level health care facilities. Efforts and resources should focus more on supporting lower-level facilities.

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Open Access April 25, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Green spaces more adapted and resilient to the current and future climatic conditions in the south of Portugal (Algarve): Xerophytic gardens using xeromorphic succulents

Delisa Xarepe, Ricardo Quinto Canas, Carmelo Maria Musarella

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 16-28. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.884

Abstract Considering the current climate conjuncture, it is a consensus that green spaces in large contemporary urban areas should be increasingly more numerous and simultaneously more sustainable, being adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the site, and with reduced maintenance costs. In the case of Algarve, where this research is focused, the current and future water availability, assumes a [...] Read more.

Considering the current climate conjuncture, it is a consensus that green spaces in large contemporary urban areas should be increasingly more numerous and simultaneously more sustainable, being adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the site, and with reduced maintenance costs. In the case of Algarve, where this research is focused, the current and future water availability, assumes a preponderant role in the design of green spaces, where the demands mentioned above can only be achieved if we deviate from conventional landscape practices and develop holistic strategies of management and design of green spaces that integrate different areas of knowledge and not merely aesthetic issues. In this context, this work aims to develop more adapted and resilient landscaping practices to the current and future climatic conditions of the Algarve, thus reinventing the concept of landscaping in the south of Portugal. Thus, it will be of paramount importance to develop more sustainable, resilient and tolerant projects to worsening ecological conditions, particularly limitations associated with water availability. The xeromorphic succulents are a group of plants with mechanisms of tolerance to water stress and with very specific characteristics, being succulence one of the most relevant. Studies on these mechanisms are increasingly frequent, which may prove to be very advantageous in our adaptation to future climatic challenges. In addition, their ornamental potential is enormous, since their bold forms and colours are a veritable sensory explosion, which, combined with their morphological and physiological characteristics, make them the species of choice in the reconversion or creation of xerophytic gardens.

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Open Access March 08, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Analysis of Toxic Contaminants in Agriculture: Educational Strategies to Avoid Their Influence on Food

Ana Cano-Ortiz, José Carlos Piñar Fuentes, Eusebio Cano

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 1-15. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.718

Abstract A diagnosis of the current state of the crops is made regarding the control of weeds, use of pesticides, fungicides; with an assessment of the state of the plant covers in the crop, and its control by different types of herbicides, and we detected a high loss of biological diversity; and some of these compounds are mentioned due to their high toxicity. Similarly, the use of pesticides and [...] Read more.

A diagnosis of the current state of the crops is made regarding the control of weeds, use of pesticides, fungicides; with an assessment of the state of the plant covers in the crop, and its control by different types of herbicides, and we detected a high loss of biological diversity; and some of these compounds are mentioned due to their high toxicity. Similarly, the use of pesticides and fungicides is discussed due to their repercussions on health. In order to avoid the unhealthiness caused by the applications of these products, phytosanitary and educational control strategies are proposed; promoting the inspection of fruit and vegetable markets, and modifying the contents in higher professional and university education. To this end, we propose an active teaching methodology, through which the student acquires skills and responsibility for the use of chemical agents in agriculture, which serves to prevent the entry of these contaminants into the food chain. Of the different polluting chemical agents, in the case of herbicides we highlight Oxyfluorfen and Glyphosate with high toxicity and whose consumption is very high. In the case of pesticides and fungicides, among others are Organochlorine compounds, which have been detected in blood, and Carbon Tetrachloride and Chloroform, considered potent hepatotoxic and neurotoxic. The basic objective of this study is the awareness and acquisition of knowledge by future teachers about polluting agents, which will subsequently have an impact on society.

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Open Access March 06, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Liver Cancer: A Psychological CBT Group Intervention Possibility Based on Scientific Review

Luísa Soares, Matilde Silva

World Journal of Cancer and Oncology Research 2024, 3(1), 1-12. DOI: 10.31586/wjcor.2024.833

Abstract This article focuses on primary liver cancer and tries to present a possible CBT-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy group intervention of 6 sessions and a follow up based on a scientific review. We present an international national data analyze of the problem and characterize it in terms of symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. From the psychological point of view our goal is to show and reflect on the [...] Read more.

This article focuses on primary liver cancer and tries to present a possible CBT-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy group intervention of 6 sessions and a follow up based on a scientific review. We present an international national data analyze of the problem and characterize it in terms of symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. From the psychological point of view our goal is to show and reflect on the connection between theory and practice in research mental health and the quality of life of people suffering from liver cancer. CBT interventions programme have shown efficacy and effectiveness on improving quality of life of patients. The expected outcomes of CBT intervention are mainly a better adaptation to cancer and a better perception on quality of live.

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Review Article

Open Access March 05, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Risk Factors of Vitamin D Insufficiency/Deficiency among a sample of Egyptian Females in Child Bearing Period

Ghada Essam Aldin Amin, Maivel Emile Soby Gerges, Inas Abd El Rahim Ali, Diaa Marzok Abdel Hamid, Mohamed Farouk Allam

Current Research in Public Health 2024, 4(1), 1-12. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2024.867

Abstract Background: Vitamin D plays an important role in the development of bone health and possibly non-communicable diseases. Arab countries had made their own national studies to assess serum vitamin D level among women, yet in Egypt there is no national survey done. The aim of the current study was to identify risk factors affecting vitamin D level among Egyptian females during the [...] Read more.

Background: Vitamin D plays an important role in the development of bone health and possibly non-communicable diseases. Arab countries had made their own national studies to assess serum vitamin D level among women, yet in Egypt there is no national survey done. The aim of the current study was to identify risk factors affecting vitamin D level among Egyptian females during the child-bearing period. Subjects and methods: A total of 100 healthy adult females in their childbearing period who were attending a Family Medicine Center were included in our study. The age of the included women ranged from 19 to 49 years old with a mean age of 34 (SD 8.47) years. The majority of participants had deficiency (43%) and insufficiency (13%) of vitamin D level. Results: Unemployed women were more likely to have vitamin D deficiency than employed women (P<0.05). Participants who were exposed to sun ˃30 minutes/day were more likely to have sufficient vitamin D level (P<0.05). All participants who consume fish ≥3 times/week had sufficient vitamin D level. Therefore, there was a statistically significance association between a number of consuming fish/week and vitamin D3 level groups. Also, there was statistically significant association between number of consumed milk cups/day and vitamin D3 level groups. All participants who drink 2 cups of milk have sufficient vitamin D level. No statistically significance association was found between using multivitamins and vitamin D3 level groups. Conclusion: Unemployment, low fish consumption and infrequent sun exposure were significant risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Future research on the role of multivitamins supplements in improving vitamin D nutrition is warranted.

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Open Access March 05, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Culture Shock in Nursing: A Concept Analysis

Mary Miliza Dagus, Vanessa Lacambra, Judith Magalona, Janette Mindanao, Roison Andro Narvaez, Myra Katrina Paredes

World Journal of Nursing Research 2024, 3(1), 1-35. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2024.898

Abstract 1) Background: Culture shock is a common experience by internationally educated nurses (IENs) working in foreign countries, characterized by disorientation and discomfort due to distinct norms, values, and rituals. 2) Aim: this study explores culture shock in IENs and explores mitigation techniques to enhance understanding of challenges faced in foreign cultural contexts. [...] Read more.

1) Background: Culture shock is a common experience by internationally educated nurses (IENs) working in foreign countries, characterized by disorientation and discomfort due to distinct norms, values, and rituals. 2) Aim: this study explores culture shock in IENs and explores mitigation techniques to enhance understanding of challenges faced in foreign cultural contexts. 3) Method: Using Concept Analysis by Walker and Avant (2019). 4) Results: A total of 20 articles were reviewed. Four major attributes were identified: psychological and emotional impact, communication barriers, acculturation and quality of life, and organizational challenges. 5) Conclusion: This paper explores the challenges faced by nurses from foreign countries due to cultural adjustment and proposes solutions to minimize its effects. It is beneficial for nurses, healthcare organizations, and policymakers, aiming to improve patient care and health outcomes. 6) Implication for Practice: Addressing culture shock can promote a smooth transition, enhance nurses' experience, and improve their cultural competence. Providing tailored orientation and mentorship programs can help IENs feel supported and empowered, leading to increased job satisfaction, retention rates, and better patient outcomes.

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Open Access March 05, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of roasted maize-peanut product (Zowey) and its potential to alleviate oxidative stress

Martin Adarkwah-Yiadom, Alexander Weremfo, Daniel Awuah, Franklin Brian Apea-Bah

Universal Journal of Food Science and Technology 2024, 2(1), 1-13. DOI: 10.31586/ujfst.2024.865

Abstract Background: The study of phenolic compounds and their potential to contribute to health is a major interest in research. This work was to determine phenolic compound contents as well as antioxidant properties of roasted maize-peanut snack product with and without spices. Methods: HPLC was used to determine the phenolic composition of the maize flours, peanut flour and their composite [...] Read more.

Background: The study of phenolic compounds and their potential to contribute to health is a major interest in research. This work was to determine phenolic compound contents as well as antioxidant properties of roasted maize-peanut snack product with and without spices. Methods: HPLC was used to determine the phenolic composition of the maize flours, peanut flour and their composite snacks with and without spices. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), tannin content (TC) and radical scavenging activity (measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis (3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assays was also used. Results: TPC of the extract of roasted maize flour, roasted peanut flour and composite roasted maize-peanut flour ranged from 48.93 to 178.31 mg GAE/100 g, while the TFC was 3.18–25.94 mg CE/100 g and TC (0.22 – 0.73 mg CE/g). The dominant phenolic acid was protocatechuic acid ranged from 13.73 to 1643.54 µg/g. Among the flavonoids, quercetin and catechin were dominant. The extracts of the free soluble fraction exhibited 23.88 – 81.52 %, 49.59 – 85.17 % and 0.58 -5.13 µmol AAE/g of DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and ABTS radical scavenging abilities respectively. Conclusion: Maize–peanut product showed potential ability in contributing to alleviating radical induced oxidative stress.

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Open Access February 27, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Clinical characteristics of patients with multiple respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic period

Masafumi Seki, Haruki Naruse, Yuto Suga, Sachi Tanaka, Sachie Koyama, Noriyuki Watanabe, Kotaro Mitsutake

World Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024, 3(1), 1-3. DOI: 10.31586/wjmm.2024.889

Abstract Respiratory virus co-infections have been suggested to happen frequently and exacerbate patients’ conditions, but little is known about the detailed rates and the combinations of viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic period. A total of 255 symptomatic patients who underwent multiplex PCR tests were analyzed, and it was found that 6 (6/255=2.4%) patients were infected with multiple viruses. The [...] Read more.

Respiratory virus co-infections have been suggested to happen frequently and exacerbate patients’ conditions, but little is known about the detailed rates and the combinations of viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic period. A total of 255 symptomatic patients who underwent multiplex PCR tests were analyzed, and it was found that 6 (6/255=2.4%) patients were infected with multiple viruses. The patients ranged in age from 1 to 38 years, and one female patient was pregnant. Of the 6 patients, 4 had fever, and 5 had human rhinovirus/enterovirus and another virus. These data suggested that the rate of respiratory virus co-infection was low, and the combination of SAS-CoV-2 and other viruses was rare even during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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