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Open Access September 02, 2025

Using materials of radar mapping from spacecrafts as a way to increase reliability, as well as to reduce the cost and time of site selection for extended linear construction projects

Oleg Mamaev

World Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2025, 3(1), 1-10. DOI: 10.31586/wjcea.2025.6163

Abstract The article describes the use of publicly available materials of radar mapping from spacecraft as a way to increase the reliability, as well as to reduce the cost and time of work to select the site of linear construction projects situated in remote underdeveloped areas. Based on the results of theoretical study and practical application of radar mapping of the Earth's surface from spacecrafts the [...] Read more.

The article describes the use of publicly available materials of radar mapping from spacecraft as a way to increase the reliability, as well as to reduce the cost and time of work to select the site of linear construction projects situated in remote underdeveloped areas. Based on the results of theoretical study and practical application of radar mapping of the Earth's surface from spacecrafts the conclusion is made about the availability of these materials, their reliability (relevance) and accuracy in order to select the site of linear construction projects at the concept design stage.

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Open Access August 26, 2025

The association between serum α1-AGP and chronic kidney disease among US female ages 20 to 49 years: Results from the 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Survey

Min Wei, Yunping Zhang, Zi Lin, Sumin Wu

Current Research in Public Health 2025, 5(1), 15-24. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2025.6145

Abstract Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects over 35.5 million US adults. Serum α1-acid glycoprotein (α1-AGP), an acute-phase protein, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in animal models, but its association with CKD in younger women remains underexplored. This study investigated the relationship between serum α1-AGP and CKD risk in US women aged 20–49 years. Methods: This [...] Read more.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects over 35.5 million US adults. Serum α1-acid glycoprotein (α1-AGP), an acute-phase protein, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties in animal models, but its association with CKD in younger women remains underexplored. This study investigated the relationship between serum α1-AGP and CKD risk in US women aged 20–49 years. Methods: This nationally representative cross-sectional study used data on female adults in the US aged 20–49 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015–2018 cycles. 2,137 individuals were included in the study after excluding individuals without serum α1-AGP, urine albumin, and creatinine data. Multivariate logistic regression models evaluated the association between serum α1-AGP and CKD. Moreover, we performed stratified and interaction analyses to see if the relationship was stable in different subgroups. Results: Among 2,137 participants (mean age 34.6 years, mean eGFR 111.7 mL/min/1.73 m²), CKD prevalence was 8.8% (n=188). Higher serum α1-AGP levels were associated with lower CKD risk in the fully adjusted model (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.16–0.84, P = 0.017), with a dose-response trend across quartiles (P = 0.041). The association was stronger in women aged 40–49 years (OR 0.20, 95% CI 0.05–0.76) and Mexican Americans (OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.01–0.56), though interaction terms were not significant (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Higher serum α1-AGP levels are associated with lower CKD prevalence in young women, suggesting a protective role. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm causality and explore α1-AGP as a biomarker for CKD risk stratification.

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Open Access June 26, 2025

The Relationship Between Lymphocyte Count and Mortality in Patients with Dysphagia

Min Wei, Chengming Ke, Sumin Wu

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 40-51. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.6128

Abstract Background: Dysphagia is a common functional impairment in elderly populations, often leading to severe complications such as malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia, significantly increasing healthcare burdens. Currently, effective prognostic assessment tools are lacking. The absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), a biomarker reflecting immune-nutritional status, has potential predictive value in this context, though its role in dysphagia prognosis remains unclear. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 253 dysphagic patients who received percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) between 2014 and 2017. Five patients with missing ALC were excluded. Cox regression models assessed the association between ALC and mortality. ALC was analyzed as both continuous variable (using restriocted cubic splines) and categorical tertiles, with additional threshold analyses to assess non-linearity. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and subgroup analyses were also performed. Results: Lower ALC was associated with poorer nutritional status, higher inflammatory markers, and greater comorbidity burden. Higher ALC was independently associated with reduced mortality (adjusted HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44–0.83; p = 0.002). Patients in the highest tertile had significantly better survival than those in the lowest (HR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.23–0.59; P < 0.001). A non-linear threshold effect was identified at ALC = 1.899×10⁹/L (p for non-linearity = 0.009). Kaplan–Meier analysis confirmed improved survival with higher ALC (p [...] Read more.

Background: Dysphagia is a common functional impairment in elderly populations, often leading to severe complications such as malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia, significantly increasing healthcare burdens. Currently, effective prognostic assessment tools are lacking. The absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), a biomarker reflecting immune-nutritional status, has potential predictive value in this context, though its role in dysphagia prognosis remains unclear. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 253 dysphagic patients who received percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) between 2014 and 2017. Five patients with missing ALC were excluded. Cox regression models assessed the association between ALC and mortality. ALC was analyzed as both continuous variable (using restriocted cubic splines) and categorical tertiles, with additional threshold analyses to assess non-linearity. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and subgroup analyses were also performed. Results: Lower ALC was associated with poorer nutritional status, higher inflammatory markers, and greater comorbidity burden. Higher ALC was independently associated with reduced mortality (adjusted HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44–0.83; p = 0.002). Patients in the highest tertile had significantly better survival than those in the lowest (HR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.23–0.59; P < 0.001). A non-linear threshold effect was identified at ALC = 1.899×10⁹/L (p for non-linearity = 0.009). Kaplan–Meier analysis confirmed improved survival with higher ALC (p < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses showed the protective effect of higher ALC was consistent across age, sex, BMI, PEG use, and comorbidity strata, with no significant interactions. Conclusions: ALC is an independent, non-linear predictor of mortality in older dysphagic patients and may aid clinical risk stratification across diverse patient subgroups.

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Open Access June 25, 2025

Performance and Validity of Knee Function Assessment Tools After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review

Andrei Machado Viegas da Trindade, Helder Rocha da Silva Araújo, Mário Soares Ferreira Júnior, Karine Kelly Rangel de Andrade Monte, Marcos Vinícius Amorim Silva, Rebecca Gomes Moura Bastos, João Gabriel Ventura Bariani, Fernanda Grazielle da Silva Azevedo Nora

Global Journal of Orthopedics 2025, 1(1), 60-69. DOI: 10.31586/gjo.2025.6123

Abstract Objective: To identify and evaluate the main functional assessment tools applied in the postoperative monitoring of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to synthesize the functional outcomes reported through these instruments in the current scientific literature. Methodology: A structured review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. [...] Read more.

Objective: To identify and evaluate the main functional assessment tools applied in the postoperative monitoring of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to synthesize the functional outcomes reported through these instruments in the current scientific literature. Methodology: A structured review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Thirty-one peer-reviewed studies were selected through a targeted manual search based on predefined eligibility criteria. Included studies evaluated functional recovery following TKA using validated outcome measures such as the WOMAC, KSS, KOOS, IKDC, SF-36, and SANE. Data extraction focused on the instruments used, patient population characteristics, and reported outcomes. A descriptive synthesis was compiled in Table 1. Additionally, 15 studies with quantitative data were analyzed using a forest plot to illustrate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for functional improvement. Risk of bias was assessed qualitatively based on methodological rigor, clarity of reporting, and validation of the outcome tools. Results: All included studies reported improvements in functional status following TKA. Most risk ratios ranged from 0.66 to 0.85, indicating a consistent reduction in the risk of postoperative functional limitation. High-quality studies demonstrated more precise effect estimates and greater internal validity. The SANE scale emerged as a valid and practical tool with high responsiveness, including in its culturally adapted Brazilian version. Despite heterogeneity in study design, the direction of effect remained consistent across all included studies. Conclusion: Validated functional assessment tools are essential for monitoring recovery after total knee arthroplasty. Instruments such as WOMAC and SANE demonstrate strong clinical utility and psychometric validity. Their systematic use enhances outcome comparability, supports individualized rehabilitation planning, and improves decision-making in orthopedic care.

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Systematic Review

Open Access May 13, 2025

Geochemistry distributions and statistics analysis of REE in stream sediments from the watershed west of Mambaka (Adamawa Plateau, Cameroun)

Roland William Edima Yana, Lise Carole Okomo Atouba, Fagny Aminatou Mefire, Oumar Hamit Djiddi, Adama Haman, Anicet Ango Ella, Faarouk Oumarou Nkouandou

World Journal of Geomatics and Geosciences 2025, 4(1), 12-28. DOI: 10.31586/wjgg.2025.6101

Abstract The Mambaka watershed is extends between latitudes 1 3°45'E and 14°15'E and longitudes 7°16'N and 6°45'N. The geology, various tectonic and structural events that have affected the Adamawa Plateau in Cameroon make it rich in multi-substance mining. The objective of this study is to map rare earth (REE) geochemical anomalies in the sediments of the watershed streams west of Mambaka, and to trace [...] Read more.

The Mambaka watershed is extends between latitudes 1 3°45'E and 14°15'E and longitudes 7°16'N and 6°45'N. The geology, various tectonic and structural events that have affected the Adamawa Plateau in Cameroon make it rich in multi-substance mining. The objective of this study is to map rare earth (REE) geochemical anomalies in the sediments of the watershed streams west of Mambaka, and to trace their origins and geochemical processes. Predictive maps from inverse distance interpolations (IDW), factor analysis (F1) or principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical bottom-up classification maps provided a better understanding of the central tendency, distribution and dispersion of REE in the samples and in the study area, based on standard deviation and variance values that generated two factors F1 (Ho-Tm-Er-Yb-Lu-Dy-Tb-Gd-Eu-Sm) and F2 (Pr-Nd-Ce-La-Sm) representing 92.44% of the total cumulative variance. The ratios Ce/Ce* > 0.78 and Eu/Eu* > 1 demonstrate positive anomalies in Ce and Eu, and clear differentiation. The normalized concentrations used to calculate fractionation ratios show that the values for LaN/YbN (0.58 to 1.34), LaN/SmN (0.61 to 0.88) and LaN/LuN (0.62 to 1.43) suggest higher fractionation in SS09 and lower fractionation in SS01. Similarly, the ratios La/Lu (61.71 to 143.46), La/Yb (9.00 to 20.72), La/Sm (4.02 to 5.83) and La/ Lu (61.71 to 143.46) confirm these higher ratios in SS09 and lower in SS01. The REE in the study area comes from hydrothermal processes based on high lineament densities at sampling points in igneous rocks with a mean ∑REE value of between 174-219 ppm.

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Open Access April 30, 2025

Psychological Flexibility and Cardiovascular Health Behaviors Among Filipino Outpatients: A Correlational Study

Zander Antonio, Ronalyn Topacio, Aqeel Al-Mahdaly Steven Zheng, Roison Andro Narvaez, Marilane Ferrer

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 67-76. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.6090

Abstract (1) Background: Psychological flexibility, the ability to adapt to changing demands while staying true to personal values, is linked to better health behaviors. However, its relationship with cardiovascular health behaviors, particularly in Filipino populations, remains underexplored. (2) Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between psychological flexibility and [...] Read more.

(1) Background: Psychological flexibility, the ability to adapt to changing demands while staying true to personal values, is linked to better health behaviors. However, its relationship with cardiovascular health behaviors, particularly in Filipino populations, remains underexplored. (2) Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between psychological flexibility and cardiovascular health behaviors among outpatients in Rizal, Philippines, focusing on BMI, smoking, physical activity, and dietary habits. (3) Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational design was used with 100 outpatient participants from selected hospitals. Psychological flexibility was measured using the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and cardiovascular health behaviors were assessed using a modified version of the American Heart Association’s Life Simple 7 tool. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation were applied. (4) Results: The findings showed that respondents had neutral levels of psychological flexibility. While most exhibited intermediate BMI and physical activity, dietary habits varied. A significant positive correlation was found between psychological flexibility and whole grain consumption. However, no significant associations were found with BMI, smoking, or physical activity. (5) Conclusions: Psychological flexibility appears to influence specific health behaviors, such as dietary choices, but does not strongly correlate with other cardiovascular health behaviors. Further research is needed to explore its broader role in cardiovascular disease prevention.

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Open Access April 10, 2025

Impact of Vaccination on Severe Outcomes in COVID-19 Reinfections and Breakthrough Infections

Krischelle Ann Dimaranan

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 65-66. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.6081

Abstract COVID-19 vaccines have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the prevalence of serious illnesses. The relative risk of hospitalization and mortality for patients who get breakthrough infections after immunization versus those who develop reinfections after a prior spontaneous infection is examined in this correspondence. Based on a study on U.S. Veterans who were not vaccinated and experienced [...] Read more.

COVID-19 vaccines have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the prevalence of serious illnesses. The relative risk of hospitalization and mortality for patients who get breakthrough infections after immunization versus those who develop reinfections after a prior spontaneous infection is examined in this correspondence. Based on a study on U.S. Veterans who were not vaccinated and experienced reinfections had a much higher risk of experiencing severe illness outcomes compared to those who had received immunizations and experienced breakthrough infections, even if the rates of reinfection and breakthrough infection were similar. Our findings highlight the value of immunization in reducing severe COVID-19 outcomes, even in the presence of reinfections.

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Correspondence

Open Access March 31, 2025

Flat Foot and Its Association with Mechanical Low Back Pain: A Case-Control Study Utilizing Clarke’s Angle Measurement

Filjordan Andrisoni Imanuel Lulupoy, Tasya Meidy Pradhana, Yusak Mangara Tua Siahaan

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 34-39. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.6048

Abstract Background: Mechanical low back pain (MLBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with well-established risk factors such as obesity, occupational ergonomics, and core muscle strength. However, the role of pes planus (flat foot) as a contributing factor remains underrecognized. This study aims to investigate the association between flat foot and MLBP using Clarke’s angle as an [...] Read more.

Background: Mechanical low back pain (MLBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with well-established risk factors such as obesity, occupational ergonomics, and core muscle strength. However, the role of pes planus (flat foot) as a contributing factor remains underrecognized. This study aims to investigate the association between flat foot and MLBP using Clarke’s angle as an objective measure of foot posture. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in South Timor Tengah Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, from December 2024 to February 2025. Fifty patients diagnosed with MLBP and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. Foot type assessment was performed using Clarke’s angle, with a cutoff of ≤30° indicating flat foot. Pain severity in the LBP group was recorded using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Statistical analysis was conducted using chi-square and independent t-tests, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Flat foot was significantly more prevalent in the LBP group (58%) than in the control group (18%) (p = 0.000; OR: 6.29, 95% CI: 2.52-15.69), indicating that individuals with flat feet are over six times more likely to experience MLBP. No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding BMI, age, or gender. Conclusion: These findings suggest that flat foot is an independent risk factor for MLBP, likely due to altered spinal biomechanics and compensatory postural changes. Clinicians should consider foot posture assessments in MLBP patients and explore targeted interventions, such as orthotic support, to mitigate symptoms.

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Open Access March 29, 2025

The Role of Type 3 Diabetes in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review of Current Evidence

Mary Miliza Dagus, Vanessa Lacambra, Judith Magalona, Roison Andro Narvaez, Myra Katrina Paredes

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 47-64. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.6068

Abstract Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are increasingly linked through shared pathophysiological mechanisms, giving rise to the concept of Type 3 Diabetes Mellitus (T3DM). Brain insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are central to both conditions, contributing to cognitive decline and AD progression. Aim: This review aims to [...] Read more.

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are increasingly linked through shared pathophysiological mechanisms, giving rise to the concept of Type 3 Diabetes Mellitus (T3DM). Brain insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are central to both conditions, contributing to cognitive decline and AD progression. Aim: This review aims to explore this emerging relationship and its implications for prevention and management. Methods: Using an integrative review, 21 studies were systematically analyzed. The review focused on identifying demographic, genetic, and lifestyle factors contributing to T2DM and AD and examined shared molecular pathways such as insulin dysregulation and amyloid-beta accumulation. Results: The findings reveal that T3DM shares key features with T2DM and AD, including insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. Lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise, alongside routine cognitive and metabolic screenings, are critical in mitigating progression. Conclusions: Further research into diagnostic biomarkers and targeted therapies is essential to manage T3DM and its impact on AD. The role of nursing professionals in early detection, education, and holistic management is emphasized as vital in addressing this dual disease burden. This review offers actionable insights into integrated strategies for addressing these interconnected conditions.

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Review Article

Open Access March 06, 2025

Impact of Food Security on Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Intake Among Pregnant Women in Low-Resource Settings

Abeer Mohammad Hossain, Zubaida Iftekhar, Rajib Das, Sujit Kumar Banik, Mohammad Shamsul Huda, Abu Ansar Md Rizwan

Universal Journal of Food Security 2025, 2(1), 1-12. DOI: 10.31586/ujfs.2025.6038

Abstract Background: Food security and dietary diversity are essential determinants of maternal health, particularly among pregnant women in refugee populations who face heightened vulnerabilities due to displacement and inadequate living conditions. This study examines the impact of food security on dietary diversity and nutritional intake among pregnant Rohingya women residing in the makeshift [...] Read more.

Background: Food security and dietary diversity are essential determinants of maternal health, particularly among pregnant women in refugee populations who face heightened vulnerabilities due to displacement and inadequate living conditions. This study examines the impact of food security on dietary diversity and nutritional intake among pregnant Rohingya women residing in the makeshift camps of Ukhiya, Cox’s Bazar. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 96 pregnant Rohingya women from June to September 2022. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing socio-demographic characteristics, food security, and dietary diversity. Food security was evaluated using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), while dietary diversity was assessed through a 24-hour dietary recall and a 7-day food frequency questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 26) and Stata (Version 13), employing descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to examine associations. Results: Most participants (57.3%) were food secure, and 85.4% demonstrated high dietary diversity, consuming seven or more food groups. However, 21.9% of households experienced severe food insecurity, highlighting ongoing challenges in food access. The highest consumption was observed for starch, flesh foods, dark green leafy vegetables, and vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables (99.0%), while dairy products (69.8%) and organ meat (34.4%) were consumed less frequently. Despite high dietary diversity, severe food insecurity persists, indicating gaps in food assistance programs. Conclusions: While food support programs appear to contribute to high dietary diversity among pregnant Rohingya women, severe food insecurity remains a significant concern. Strengthening food security interventions, improving access to diverse nutrient-rich foods, and integrating sustainable food assistance models are essential to addressing these challenges. Future research should explore long-term strategies to enhance food security and assess the impact of targeted nutritional interventions on maternal health outcomes in refugee settings.

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Open Access March 03, 2025

Effectiveness and Safety of Acupuncture Combined with Bloodletting Cupping Therapy in the Treatment of Scapulohumeral Periarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hai-Xia Ma, Sun Jinshuai, Xuan-Yue Zhang, Qian-Yi Wen, Bin Lin, Meng Bo, Zhi-Feng Xiao, Juan-Xia Zheng

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 20-33. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.6028

Abstract Background: Scapulohumeral periarthritis commonly afflicts individuals in their middle age. Its etiology is multifaceted, and treatment presents a challenge with a high risk of recurrence. The main symptoms include shoulder pain and limited joint mobility, seriously affect the quality of life of the patients. Recent research indicate that acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping can [...] Read more.

Background: Scapulohumeral periarthritis commonly afflicts individuals in their middle age. Its etiology is multifaceted, and treatment presents a challenge with a high risk of recurrence. The main symptoms include shoulder pain and limited joint mobility, seriously affect the quality of life of the patients. Recent research indicate that acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping can significantly improve the function of activity of shoulder joint and the pain in individuals with scapulohumeral periarthritis. However, these studies have typically been limited in scope, therefore additional research to substantiate the efficacy and safety of these intervention. Methods: To evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping for treating patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis. We conducted an online search of databases in both Chinese and English, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wangfang Data, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the use of acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping in scapulohumeral periarthritis patients. We also examined the references within the identified literature. Search utilised subject headings and free-text terms in both languages, without racial restrictions, for records up to April 3, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated their qualities. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis of the included studies. The protocol of this review was recorded in the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PROSPERO). Its registration number is CRD42023454614. Results: This review incorporated 22 RCTs involving a total of 1,774 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that the clinical effective rate (RR=1.25, 95%CI [1.20, 1.30], P＜0.00001) of treating scapulohumeral periarthritis with acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping was higher in the experimental group than in the control group. The all of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score (MD=-1.70, 95% CI [-2.17, -1.22], P＜0.00001). Melle score (SMD=-2.45, 95% CI [-2.55, -2.34], P=0.007]) and recurrence rate (RR=0.23, 95% CI [0.07, 0.77], P=0.02) were lower in the experimental group than in the control group with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion: The acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping for the treatment of shoulder impingement syndrome demonstrates definite efficacy and safety, with superior clinical effectiveness, pain relief, improvement in shoulder joint mobility, and reduction in recurrence compared to acupuncture alone. Therefore, it is worthy of being promoted and applied clinically.

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Meta-Analysis

Open Access February 24, 2025

Women Hearts on the Line: Exploring the Correlation Between Anthropometric Parameters, Blood Pressure, and Peripartum Cardiomyopathy

Hayatu Umar, Adamu Jibril Bamaiyi, Simeon Alabi Isezuo, Raghu Cherukupalli, Oborien Omokhudu Isa, Abubakar Sadiq Maiyaki, Garba Sanusi, Aminu Abbas, Murtala Audu Ngabea, Nura Maiyadi Ibrahim

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 6-19. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.1267

Abstract Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a life-threatening heart muscle disease of unknown aetiology that affects women during the peripartum period, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. While many studies have observed normal blood pressure (BP) in PPCM patients, none have explored whether their BP is appropriate for their body size. This study investigated the correlation between [...] Read more.

Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a life-threatening heart muscle disease of unknown aetiology that affects women during the peripartum period, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. While many studies have observed normal blood pressure (BP) in PPCM patients, none have explored whether their BP is appropriate for their body size. This study investigated the correlation between body anthropometric parameters and BP in PPCM patients, comparing the findings with those of age-matched normal peripartum controls. Methods: A cohort of 105 women, each from PPCM and matched normal peripartum control groups, were recruited from three healthcare facilities in Sokoto. Blood pressure (BP) parameters were assessed in relation to their anthropometric measurements, and the findings were compared between the two groups. Results: The PPCM patients were significantly smaller in body weight (57.0 ±11.6 Kg vs 66.8 ±13.8 Kg, P <.0001), body mass index (BMI) (21.9 ±4.1 Kg/m2 vs 25.4 ±5.4 Kg/m2, P <.0001, body surface area (BSA) (1.3 ±0.7 m2 vs 1.7 ±0.2 m2, P <.0001), Lean body mass (LBM) (45.3 ±7.0 Kg vs 49.4 ±4.1 Kg, P <.0001) and Percentage body fat (BF) (23.5 ±10.9 % vs 31.2 ±6.9 %, P <.0001). Similarly, PPCM patients had significantly higher systolic BP (SBP), Pulse pressure (PP) and Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) compared to the normal peripartum PPCM control. Further, linear regression analysis showed that there was higher slope of the relationship between anthropometric indices and SBP and PP in the PPCM cohort, compared to the normal peripartum control group. A similar trend of the slope was seen in the Pearson’s coefficient of the relationship of the anthropometries and BP parameters. Conclusions: This study found that women with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) exhibited disproportionately higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure (PP) for each unit increase in anthropometric measurements compared to normal peripartum controls. Notably, PPCM patients had significantly lower anthropometric measures, potentially attributable to poverty and chronic undernutrition. Additionally, the effects of poor antenatal care, lack of immunization and recurrent infection should be considered. These findings suggest an abnormal relationship between anthropometry and blood pressure in PPCM patients, which may have detrimental effects on their cardiovascular health. This abnormal relationship may contribute to the development of heart failure (HF) in PPCM patients and potentially increase the risk in women susceptible to PPCM. Even-though our assumption, yet to be proven. To address this concerning trend in vulnerable populations, improvements in nutritional status, socioeconomic determinants health, adequate antenatal care (ANC), immunization, and infection prevention should be considered.

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Open Access February 15, 2025

Knowledge related to umbilical cord care among mothers of neonates attending outpatient departments in Sherpur district, Bangladesh

Md Tamim Islam, Tanzina Akter, Md Omar Faruk, Rima Rani, Jinnat Haq Nipo, Akhi Roy Mita, Abu Ansar Md Rizwan

Open Journal of Medical Sciences 2025, 5(1), 32-45. DOI: 10.31586/ojms.2025.1262

Abstract Background: Proper umbilical cord care prevents neonatal infections and reduces neonatal mortality. Despite global recommendations for evidence-based cord care practices, traditional beliefs, and inadequate maternal knowledge often lead to unsafe practices, particularly in low-resource settings like Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the understanding of umbilical cord care among [...] Read more.

Background: Proper umbilical cord care prevents neonatal infections and reduces neonatal mortality. Despite global recommendations for evidence-based cord care practices, traditional beliefs, and inadequate maternal knowledge often lead to unsafe practices, particularly in low-resource settings like Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the understanding of umbilical cord care among mothers of neonates in Sherpur District, Bangladesh, and identify factors associated with knowledge levels. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July to October 2020 at Sherpur Sadar Hospital. A total of 193 mothers of neonates were recruited using a non-randomized purposive sampling method. Data was collected through a pre-tested, semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Knowledge levels were categorized as "Good" (>6) or "Poor" (≤6) based on responses to 10 structured questions. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and crude odds ratios (COR), were performed to identify socio-demographic factors associated with knowledge levels. Results: Of the 193 participants, 48.7% demonstrated "Good" knowledge, while 51.3% had "Poor" knowledge. Education level (p = 0.01), occupation (p = 0.02), family type (p < 0.001), and family size (p = 0.04) were significantly associated with knowledge levels. Mothers with higher education and those from joint families exhibited better knowledge. However, 28.5% of respondents were unaware of the typical umbilical cord-shedding timeframe, and 44% could not identify signs of infection. Unsafe practices, such as using medications (14.5%) or hot compression (7.2%) for drying the cord, were reported. Conclusion: The study reveals significant gaps in maternal knowledge regarding umbilical cord care in Sherpur District, driven by socio-demographic disparities and cultural practices. Targeted health education programs, emphasizing evidence-based cord care practices and leveraging local social structures, are urgently needed to improve neonatal health outcomes in similar resource-limited settings. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions to inform policy and practice.

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Open Access February 14, 2025

A multi-loci time-series descriptive study on noise levels in a pediatric emergency care department

Yuan Luo, Liping Zhao, Yunchen Li

Current Research in Public Health 2025, 5(1), 1-11. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2025.1091

Abstract Objective: To investigate the status of the acoustic environment of a typical Chinese pediatric emergency care department in a time series and identify the relationship between noise levels and factors such as crowd density and movement. Methods: A descriptive study was designed based on a multi-loci time-series method. We measured three loci under three variable settings: the [...] Read more.

Objective: To investigate the status of the acoustic environment of a typical Chinese pediatric emergency care department in a time series and identify the relationship between noise levels and factors such as crowd density and movement. Methods: A descriptive study was designed based on a multi-loci time-series method. We measured three loci under three variable settings: the decibel value, observation volume, and emergency care volume. Results: The noise levels of the three loci were significantly higher than the internationally recommended levels, exceeding rate reached more than 86.3%. The 24-hour mean map of the three loci showed similar fluctuation patterns, all of which had two peaks at approximately 10:00 AM and 16:00 PM. Conclusions: The daytime and nighttime noise levels were well-fitted by cubic functions with different coefficients. It is suggested that crowd density and movement may play important roles in noise mean fluctuations, which can be optimized to ensure a satisfactory environment in a pediatric emergency care department.

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Open Access February 04, 2025

The Use of Differentiated Instruction to Achieve Culturally Responsive Teaching

Monica Gakii Ituma

Open Journal of Educational Research 2025, 5(1), 13-30. DOI: 10.31586/ojer.2025.1234

Abstract With an increasing diversity of learners in today’s educational set-ups, there is an insurmountable need to cater for individual differences including the cultural variations among learners. It is therefore necessary for educators to develop culturally responsive teaching that enhances intercultural competencies of learners. As educators strive to provide inclusive learning environments in which [...] Read more.

With an increasing diversity of learners in today’s educational set-ups, there is an insurmountable need to cater for individual differences including the cultural variations among learners. It is therefore necessary for educators to develop culturally responsive teaching that enhances intercultural competencies of learners. As educators strive to provide inclusive learning environments in which learners from diverse cultural backgrounds learn equitably, differentiated instruction becomes a practical tool. This paper explores how differentiated instruction can support and enhance culturally responsive teaching by examining how tailored instructional approaches can bridge cultural gaps and enhance educational outcomes. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how educators can effectively integrate differentiated instructional methodologies to achieve the goals of Culturally Responsive Teaching. The study used a descriptive survey design to determine the use of differentiated instruction by junior school teachers in Kenya and a systematic review of literature, practical examples, and studies on teachers’ practices in culturally responsive teaching. The study outcomes indicated that teachers used various differentiated instructional strategies with flexible grouping being the most commonly used strategy. However, there arises a concern, that teachers were not very familiar with cultural variations of learners in their classrooms even as they developed their differentiated instructional strategies. Literature provided the principles and practices of culturally responsive teaching. The combination of these results were used to formulate a conceptual framework for Culturally Responsive Differentiated Instruction (CRDI) that provides insights for practitioners to develop and implement culturally responsive differentiated instructional strategies. The study recommends that a framework to support teachers in the implementation of inclusive and equitable curriculum through CRDI be developed, CRDI be integrated into the teaching processes and the teachers be trained on providing for learner differences through CRDI.

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Article

Open Access January 15, 2025

Prevalence and determinants of mental health stress among nursing students in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

Tania Akter, Mst Habiba Benta Hasan, Most Nasrin Khatun, Abu Ansar Md Rizwan

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 1-9. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.1227

Abstract Background: Nursing students are exposed to significant stress due to academic and clinical demands, which can adversely affect their mental health, academic performance, and future clinical competence. Despite the global acknowledgment of this issue, limited research has been conducted to explore the prevalence and determinants of stress among nursing students in Bangladesh. [...] Read more.

Background: Nursing students are exposed to significant stress due to academic and clinical demands, which can adversely affect their mental health, academic performance, and future clinical competence. Despite the global acknowledgment of this issue, limited research has been conducted to explore the prevalence and determinants of stress among nursing students in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2023 to February 2024 among 372 nursing students enrolled in selected nursing colleges in Bangladesh. A purposive sampling technique was used, and data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed socio-demographic characteristics, academic challenges, and psychological symptoms, with mental health stress measured using a Likert scale. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used to analyze the data, with a 95% confidence interval applied to all analyses. Results: The findings revealed that 31.7% of nursing students experienced severe stress, 23.9% reported moderate stress, and 16.7% had mild stress. Age, academic semester, and course load difficulties were significantly associated with stress levels (p < 0.05). Psychological symptoms such as anxiety, difficulty concentrating, and loss of interest in activities were also significantly linked to higher stress levels. Notably, students in their first semester and those reporting harder course loads were more likely to experience stress. However, gender was not significantly associated with stress levels. Conclusions: This study underscores the high prevalence of stress among nursing students in Bangladesh, driven by academic and clinical challenges and psychological symptoms. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions, such as stress management training, enhanced mental health support, and policies to alleviate academic pressures. Future research should explore longitudinal trends in stress and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to support a resilient nursing workforce.

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Open Access January 10, 2025

Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management during the omicron variant period in a tertiary hospital in Japan

Masafumi Seki, Chie Kubosawa, Makoto Ono, Fumitaka Kamoshita, Atsuko Shimizu, Kotaro Mitsutake

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 1-5. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.1231

Abstract Background: Severe COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management were not very rare even when the omicron variant became dominant, but the clinical characteristics of these patients are still unclear. Methods: The clinical characteristics of severe COVID-19 patients requiring ventilator management were retrospectively investigated from January 2023 to December 2023. [...] Read more.

Background: Severe COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management were not very rare even when the omicron variant became dominant, but the clinical characteristics of these patients are still unclear. Methods: The clinical characteristics of severe COVID-19 patients requiring ventilator management were retrospectively investigated from January 2023 to December 2023. Results: Severe COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management accounted for 11 of 275 (4.2%) patients during the omicron variant period. Their mean age was 70.7 (51-85) years, and males were predominant. Ten of eleven (91.7%) patients were managed in the emergency department and had underlying diseases, including chronic lung/heart/kidney diseases and neurological diseases. However, only 4 of 11 (36.4%) had a clear history of vaccination. The patients showed a positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen titer of 3305.7 (12.9-20912). All 11 patients were treated with remdesivir and dexamethasone, and 5 (45.5%) also received sotrovimab. Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 7 of 11 (63.6%) patients, and all 11 patients were treated with antibiotics. Only 3 of 11 (27.3%) patients were managed using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), but 9 of 11(81.8%) patients survived. Conclusions: These data suggest that severe COVID-19 patients who required ventilator management were less-vaccinated, elderly patients with underlying disease. These patients were treated successfully using antiviral agents, steroids, neutralizing antibodies, and antibiotics, with a few also treated using ECMO in the omicron era.

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Commentary

Open Access January 10, 2025

Artificial Immune Systems: A Bio-Inspired Paradigm for Computational Intelligence

Praveen Kumar Myakala, Chiranjeevi Bura, Anil Kumar Jonnalagadda

Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data 2025, 5(1), 1-13. DOI: 10.31586/jaibd.2025.1233

Abstract Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) are bio-inspired computational frameworks that emulate the adaptive mechanisms of the human immune system, such as self/non-self discrimination, clonal selection, and immune memory. These systems have demonstrated significant potential in addressing complex challenges across optimization, anomaly detection, and adaptive system control. This paper provides a [...] Read more.

Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) are bio-inspired computational frameworks that emulate the adaptive mechanisms of the human immune system, such as self/non-self discrimination, clonal selection, and immune memory. These systems have demonstrated significant potential in addressing complex challenges across optimization, anomaly detection, and adaptive system control. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of AIS applications in domains such as cybersecurity, resource allocation, and autonomous systems, highlighting the growing importance of hybrid AIS models. Recent advancements, including integrations with machine learning, quantum computing, and bioinformatics, are discussed as solutions to scalability, high-dimensional data processing, and efficiency challenges. Core algorithms, such as the Negative Selection Algorithm (NSA) and Clonal Selection Algorithm (CSA), are examined, along with limitations in interpretability and compatibility with emerging AI paradigms. The paper concludes by proposing future research directions, emphasizing scalable hybrid frameworks, quantum-inspired approaches, and real-time adaptive systems, underscoring AIS's transformative potential across diverse computational fields.

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Open Access January 02, 2025

A review of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. ethnobotany in Italy and North Africa

Miriam Patti, Meriem Miyassa Aci, Maria Rosaria Tassone, Carmelo Maria Musarella

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2025, 5(1), 18-39. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2025.1111

Abstract Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., commonly known as prickly pear, is a versatile plant widely used for food, medicinal, and cosmetic purposes in various regions of the Mediterranean and North Africa. This study provides a comparative ethnobotanical review of prickly pear uses in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and Italy. In total, 74 articles were selected from ethnobotanical uses in Italy, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia. In the Maghreb, the plant is used for fruit production and processed products, such as jams, oils, and flours, as well as for traditional medicinal purposes. In Algeria and Morocco, the fruits and cladodes are used to treat digestive disorders, diabetes, and skin diseases. In Tunisia, products derived from O. ficus-indica are also applied in the cosmetic industry and for erosion control. In Italy, particularly in Sicily and Calabria, the prickly pear is a vital resource, used for both food consumption and for medicinal purposes. The cladodes, rich in mucilage, are applied as topical remedies for skin problems, while the fruits are a key ingredient in the preparation of traditional desserts. Furthermore, O. ficus-indica [...] Read more.

Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., commonly known as prickly pear, is a versatile plant widely used for food, medicinal, and cosmetic purposes in various regions of the Mediterranean and North Africa. This study provides a comparative ethnobotanical review of prickly pear uses in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and Italy. In total, 74 articles were selected from ethnobotanical uses in Italy, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia. In the Maghreb, the plant is used for fruit production and processed products, such as jams, oils, and flours, as well as for traditional medicinal purposes. In Algeria and Morocco, the fruits and cladodes are used to treat digestive disorders, diabetes, and skin diseases. In Tunisia, products derived from O. ficus-indica are also applied in the cosmetic industry and for erosion control. In Italy, particularly in Sicily and Calabria, the prickly pear is a vital resource, used for both food consumption and for medicinal purposes. The cladodes, rich in mucilage, are applied as topical remedies for skin problems, while the fruits are a key ingredient in the preparation of traditional desserts. Furthermore, O. ficus-indica has historically been used as forage and to produce natural dyes. Results indicate that the versatility of this species, combined with its ability to adapt to extreme climates, makes it a valuable resource for the development of new nutraceutical and cosmetic products. However, further scientific research is necessary to explore the bio-functional potential of this plant and to promote its broader and more sustainable use, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.

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Review Article

Open Access January 02, 2025

Ambient Air Quality and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Potentially Toxic Silver-Polluted Environment

Unyeawaji Brownson Ntesat, David Ojadi, Chinwendu Emeka, Reuben Nwomandah Okparanma

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2025, 5(1), 1-17. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2025.1058

Abstract Silver nanoparticles (Ag⁺NPs) contamination in the environment is a serious concern. This study investigated selected heavy metal (Ag⁺, Cd^2+, Cr²⁺ and Pb²⁺) concentrations at different sampling points to assess the risk to human health (infants, children, and adults). To do this, an enclosed area (laboratory) of 12.6 m X 8.5 m (107.1 [...] Read more.

Silver nanoparticles (Ag⁺NPs) contamination in the environment is a serious concern. This study investigated selected heavy metal (Ag⁺, Cd^2+, Cr²⁺ and Pb²⁺) concentrations at different sampling points to assess the risk to human health (infants, children, and adults). To do this, an enclosed area (laboratory) of 12.6 m X 8.5 m (107.1 m²) was clearly marked at different coded distances of S1, S2, S3, and S4 representing 2, 4, 6, and 8 m, while unpolluted atmosphere at 50 m away without Ag⁺NPs served as the control (S5). The silver fireworks were allowed to burn for an approximate 00h03m30s at each sampling points using a high-volume air sampler mounted at the Environmental Engineering Departmental Laboratory, Rivers State University, with windows and doors closed to simulate indoor conditions. Samples were digested using a mixture of analytical-grade nitric acid, analytical-grade hydrochloric acid and analyzed to evaluate the levels of heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The Ag⁺ result at S1 shows 30,000 µg/cm³, S2 was 29,000 µg/cm³, while S3 was 28000 µg/cm³ and then S4 was 13,000 µg/cm³. These results exceeded the permissible values of the United States National Ambient Air Concentration for rural, urban and industrial areas (0.0005, 0.004 and 0.6 µg/cm³, respectively). The result for the control (S5) (0.037 µg/cm³) was within the maximum allowable value. Results from other heavy metals such as Cd were 1000, 743, 401, 153, 0.001 µg/cm³, Cr was 5000, 4000, 3729, 2960, 0.002 µg/cm³, Pb was 0.048, 0.041, 0.035, 0.034 and 0.01, µg/cm³, respectively. However, higher values of Ag⁺, Cd, and Cr indicated a higher propensity for the metals to be toxic (bioavailable). In addition, the assessment of the potential health risk posed by these metals proved contaminated and harmful. Visitors recorded high values in exposure concentration (EC) and low values in average daily dose (ADD).

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Open Access December 11, 2024

Salsola tragus L. (Amaranthaceae) and Thymelaea gussonei Boreau (Thymelaeaceae): new records for the native vascular flora of Calabria (S-Italy) with some remarks about their taxonomy and distribution

Alberto Capuano, Giulia Montepaone, Valerio Lazzeri, Giuseppe Caruso

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 61-79. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.883

Abstract Recent field investigations, performed across some of the less floristically known sectors of Calabria, have led to the discovery of Salsola tragus and Thymelaea gussonei [...] Read more.

Recent field investigations, performed across some of the less floristically known sectors of Calabria, have led to the discovery of Salsola tragus and Thymelaea gussonei, two new species for the regional vascular flora. By providing crucial biogeographical and taxonomic remarks, this work aims to contribute to the improvement of the knowledge of the rich, diversified and still poorly known native flora of Calabria. The biogeographical value of these new findings underlines the decisive role of field survey in the enhancement of the information on regional biodiversity, the essential basis for every further ecological study and conservation effort.

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Open Access December 10, 2024

Psychological Corollaries, Self-Care and Coping Behaviors of Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review

Eduardo II A. Kabristante, Mark Joseph Asuncion, Elaine A. Lim, Ericson Batan, Ronnel Reyes, Ronalyn Topacio

World Journal of Nursing Research 2024, 3(1), 98-117. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2024.1200

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant psychological challenges to frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), including anxiety, stress, and emotional strain. Aim: This study investigates the psychological impact on HCWs during the pandemic and explores coping strategies employed to manage distress. Methods: An integrative review was conducted using 24 studies published [...] Read more.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant psychological challenges to frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), including anxiety, stress, and emotional strain. Aim: This study investigates the psychological impact on HCWs during the pandemic and explores coping strategies employed to manage distress. Methods: An integrative review was conducted using 24 studies published between January and December 2020. These studies were analyzed to identify common psychological outcomes and coping mechanisms among HCWs. Results: Healthcare workers experienced significant psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, including anxiety, stress, insomnia, and depression. Anxiety was the most commonly reported issue, particularly among women, younger healthcare workers, and frontline staff. Stress levels were heightened by high workloads, exposure to COVID-19 patients, and inadequate protective measures. Coping strategies and self-care behaviors, such as seeking social support and utilizing institutional resources, varied in effectiveness across populations. Conclusion: The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted mental health support and resilience programs for HCWs, ensuring they are better equipped to face future health crises.

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Integrative Review

Open Access December 03, 2024

Diabetes Nursing Education Its Implication Towards an Improved Quality of Life of Persons with Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Cherdel Marie T. Carrera, Cliff Richard T. Mabasa, Reggie Mae D. Jasmin, Dennis B. Brosola, Marijane V. Anacito, Melba C. Palcon, Mila C. Herrera, Vito D. Paje III

World Journal of Nursing Research 2024, 3(1), 86-97. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2024.1142

Abstract Background: Diabetes is a chronic global health issue that requires effective management to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Nursing education plays a critical role in empowering diabetic patients with self-management skills. Aim This systematic review evaluates the impact of diabetes-focused nursing education on patient outcomes and quality of life. Methods: This study [...] Read more.

Background: Diabetes is a chronic global health issue that requires effective management to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Nursing education plays a critical role in empowering diabetic patients with self-management skills. Aim This systematic review evaluates the impact of diabetes-focused nursing education on patient outcomes and quality of life. Methods: This study uses PRISMA guidelines and a systematic approach to identify and evaluate relevant literature. Results and Discussion: Among the 14 studies reviewed, eight emphasized self-management education, while four incorporated multidisciplinary approaches. Findings consistently demonstrated that structured nursing education programs significantly improved self-management behaviors, glycemic control, and patient knowledge. For instance, nurse-led self-management programs resulted in substantial enhancements in self-care skills and diabetes-related knowledge. Moreover, interventions that combined health education with psychological support were particularly effective, leading to better blood glucose control and increased adherence to treatment. Studies that examined quality of life reported reductions in anxiety, improved lifestyle habits, and better overall self-management. These findings highlight the multifaceted benefits of nursing education, suggesting that structured, supportive programs positively impact both clinical and psychological aspects of diabetes care. Conclusion: The review emphasizes the value of comprehensive nursing education that integrates both clinical guidance and psychological support for holistic diabetes management. Implications: Ongoing professional development and culturally sensitive education programs are recommended to address the diverse needs of diabetic patients. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of nursing education and explore innovative strategies to enhance diabetes management outcomes.

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Systematic Review

Open Access November 26, 2024

Impact of Classroom from the Primary Level of the Acquisition of English as a Second Language in Bangladesh

Jannatul Ferdous, Budrunnesa Shuchi, Musanna Afrin

Universal Journal of Literature and Linguistics 2024, 4(1), 83-94. DOI: 10.31586/ujll.2024.1122

Abstract This paper examines the impact of primary level classroom environments on the acquisition of English as a second language (L2) in Bangladesh, comparing English-medium and Bangla-medium schools. The study investigates how different instructional approaches and early exposure to English influence language proficiency among students. Through a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, [...] Read more.

This paper examines the impact of primary level classroom environments on the acquisition of English as a second language (L2) in Bangladesh, comparing English-medium and Bangla-medium schools. The study investigates how different instructional approaches and early exposure to English influence language proficiency among students. Through a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and proficiency tests, the research reveals significant differences in language acquisition outcomes between the two educational settings. Findings indicate that students in English-medium schools, who are exposed to Natural approach methods of language learning and immersive English-speaking environments, demonstrate higher proficiency in speaking and listening skills compared to their Bangla-medium counterparts, who primarily receive grammar-focused instruction. The study highlights the critical role of early exposure to English, with students who begin learning the language at a younger age showing better phonological and syntactic development. Additionally, the integration of technology in language teaching emerges as a valuable tool for enhancing language learning, particularly in contexts with limited classroom exposure. The research suggests that Bangla-medium schools could benefit from adopting more interactive, student-centered teaching methods and integrating digital tools to support practical language use. The study's findings have significant implications for educational policy, advocating for a shift towards more immersive and communicative teaching practices to improve English language acquisition in Bangladesh. This research contributes to the broader understanding of SLA and offers practical recommendations for enhancing language education in similar contexts.

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Open Access November 15, 2024

Wolf Warrior II: Subtitle Translation and Transcreation of China’s Identity and National Branding from an Intersemiotic-multimodal Approach

Lei Sha

Universal Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 2024, 4(2), 89-113. DOI: 10.31586/ujssh.2024.1117

Abstract The Chinese film Wolf Warrior II floats all the way at the domestic box office, and jumps into the top 100 of the world's film box office rankings. It has achieved great economic success and ratings are overwhelmingly positive in China. Nevertheless, in stark contrast to this, Wolf Warrior II [...] Read more.

The Chinese film Wolf Warrior II floats all the way at the domestic box office, and jumps into the top 100 of the world's film box office rankings. It has achieved great economic success and ratings are overwhelmingly positive in China. Nevertheless, in stark contrast to this, Wolf Warrior II is cold at the box office abroad, and the word of mouth is not satisfactory. Transcreation is the re-creation or adaptation of content for a group of specific target audience. As an inter-related process of translation, a successful and holistic transcreation can arouse the same emotions as well as connotations produced in the target language as the source language. There are different perspectives to detailed translation analysis of China’s identity as a prominent character of contemporary society. Insofar as this research probes into the branding and in subtitle translation, it also constructs a binary theoretical model based on triadic signs of intersemiotic translation and metafunctional framework of multimodal analysis to testify China’s core values in this film and beyond.

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Open Access October 27, 2024

Learners' Initial Conceptions in Science and School Performance

MEDOUGA MBALA Félicité Victorine

Open Journal of Educational Research 2024, 4(6), 336-352. DOI: 10.31586/ojer.2024.1095

Abstract The theme of the study that catches our attention is the initial conceptions of learners in Science and school performance; this theme is based on the competency-based approach in force in Cameroon, which is implemented in several African countries. Insofar as learning is not the accumulation of new knowledge but a cognitive reorganization of old knowledge experienced, it is therefore a question [...] Read more.

The theme of the study that catches our attention is the initial conceptions of learners in Science and school performance; this theme is based on the competency-based approach in force in Cameroon, which is implemented in several African countries. Insofar as learning is not the accumulation of new knowledge but a cognitive reorganization of old knowledge experienced, it is therefore a question of knowing what is the influence of initial conceptions on the academic performance of learners in science. The objective of this research was to show that taking into account the initial conceptions of learners, Biology “SVT” has a lasting influence on learning and thus on the academic performance of learners. To achieve this objective, the study uses the mixed and quasi-experimental method, where two groups of learners were used: a control group and an experimental group. The experimental group was subjected to the teaching-learning system designed for this purpose, and in which the initial conceptions of the learners were taken into account according to do with or go against. In the light of the different hypotheses adopted and the different results of this study, it can be observed that the didactic consideration of the learners' initial conceptions improves their academic performance through the data of the experimental group. In relation to the field of education, this study shows that in order to enable learners to learn and build knowledge in the long term, their initial conceptions must be taken into account in concrete didactics; Otherwise, learning will be sporadic, learners' conceptions will be significant, which will lead to a learning defect perceptible by school failure.

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Open Access October 19, 2024

The Impact of Extracurricular Activities on Learner's Achievement in EFL: A Study at Daffodil International University

Budrunnesa Shuchi, Jannatul Ferdous, Fahmi Hasan

Open Journal of Educational Research 2024, 4(6), 310-322. DOI: 10.31586/ojer.2024.1086

Abstract Extracurricular activities and academic performance are connected in every aspect of the education system. Daffodil International University is one of the top universities in Bangladesh that focuses on student improvement through extracurricular activities. Extracurricular activities help students improve skills like leadership, teamwork, and analytical abilities. Do extracurricular activities [...] Read more.

Extracurricular activities and academic performance are connected in every aspect of the education system. Daffodil International University is one of the top universities in Bangladesh that focuses on student improvement through extracurricular activities. Extracurricular activities help students improve skills like leadership, teamwork, and analytical abilities. Do extracurricular activities help English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students improve their academic performance? This evaluation aims to find out this question among Daffodil International University students. The study focused on both qualitative and quantitative data. Therefore, the data analysis followed a mixed method. The quantitative data focused on the students' participation in extracurricular activities. Respectively, the comparison between their participation and EFL course improvement. On the other hand, the qualitative data focused on the interviewee's experience. However, it's been proven that though extracurricular activities help students improve their other soft skills, they actually don't have as much impact on improving their EFL course curriculum performance.

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Open Access April 29, 2024

Floristic composition of vascular epiphytes in a disturbed forest of the Douala- Edea National Park (Cameroon)

Jacques Bruno Ngotta Biyon, Constant Borel Kenfack, Seraphine Ebenye Mokake, Danielle Magloire Bell, Jean Lagarde Betti

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 29-42. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.701

Abstract The Douala-Edea National Park is a coastal protected area that opens to the Atlantic Ocean, and contains an abundant wildlife which finds a privilege habitat there, and certain taxa such as epiphytes, which are of particular interest for conservation. In many tropical forests, vascular epiphytes are one of the richest taxa, with major impacts on the nutrient and hydrological cycles. The aim of this research was to study the effect of the disturbance of habitat on the floristic composition of vascular epiphytes in the Douala-Edea National Park. This study was carried out between January - April 2021 in three types of disturbed habitats at the northern part of the park. Three plots of 100 m × 100 m dimensions were laid out across three ecosystems along the Sanaga river. The sampling method consisted in the direct observation of five adjacent transects of 100 m x 20 m dimensions inside each plot. Epiphytes species were evaluated on all trees of DBH ≥10 cm. Epiphytes' life-forms and the position on the host trees occupied by the epiphytes were also recorded. A total of 18 species belonging to 16 genera and 13 families were identified. Culcasia sp. was the most common species with a relative frequency of 30.27%. Biological indicators were represented by Ferns, with four species, and Orchidaceae, with one species. [...] Read more.

The Douala-Edea National Park is a coastal protected area that opens to the Atlantic Ocean, and contains an abundant wildlife which finds a privilege habitat there, and certain taxa such as epiphytes, which are of particular interest for conservation. In many tropical forests, vascular epiphytes are one of the richest taxa, with major impacts on the nutrient and hydrological cycles. The aim of this research was to study the effect of the disturbance of habitat on the floristic composition of vascular epiphytes in the Douala-Edea National Park. This study was carried out between January - April 2021 in three types of disturbed habitats at the northern part of the park. Three plots of 100 m × 100 m dimensions were laid out across three ecosystems along the Sanaga river. The sampling method consisted in the direct observation of five adjacent transects of 100 m x 20 m dimensions inside each plot. Epiphytes species were evaluated on all trees of DBH ≥10 cm. Epiphytes' life-forms and the position on the host trees occupied by the epiphytes were also recorded. A total of 18 species belonging to 16 genera and 13 families were identified. Culcasia sp. was the most common species with a relative frequency of 30.27%. Biological indicators were represented by Ferns, with four species, and Orchidaceae, with one species. The epiphytes species richness was highest in the low disturbed habitat (13 species), and lowest in the highly disturbed habitat (8 species). Strict epiphytes were highly recorded in the low disturbed habitat (6 species), and were absent in the highly disturbed habitat. Hemi-epiphytes were the commonest life-form (12 species) in the highly disturbed habitat, and have been defined as indicators of the perturbation of the habitat. Canopy was mostly sollicitated by epiphytes in the low disturbed habitat (66.25%) than the moderate disturbed habitat (49.85%), and highly disturbed habitat (30.66%). It has been found that the different forest sites have an influence on the typology of epiphytic species, and therefore, epiphytic flora should be managed for the conservation of the biodiversity in tropical forests.

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Open Access April 29, 2024

Predictors of Patient Outcomes Associated with Transfer Status to Definitive Care Hospitals: A Study of Admitted Road Traffic Injured Patients in Two Major Trauma Hospitals in The Gambia

Edrisa Sanyang, Paul Bass, Bakary Ndow, Abubacarr Jagne, Erin M. Reynolds

Current Research in Public Health 2024, 4(1), 13-25. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2024.820

Abstract The Gambia uses the Primary Health Care model with no trauma response system. Trauma patients are transferred through multiple levels of health care facilities before definitive care hospitals. This study was conducted to identify predictors of injury factors associated with transfer. In this study, we examined characteristics of transferred patients compared to those directly admitted in [...] Read more.

The Gambia uses the Primary Health Care model with no trauma response system. Trauma patients are transferred through multiple levels of health care facilities before definitive care hospitals. This study was conducted to identify predictors of injury factors associated with transfer. In this study, we examined characteristics of transferred patients compared to those directly admitted in definitive care hospitals. The study was conducted in two major trauma hospitals in The Gambia. 251 road traffic injury (RTI) patients were either transferred (84%) from lower-level health centers or directly admitted (16%) to one of the study hospitals. Transferred patients were more likely to have been pedestrian/bicyclists (aOR = 1.81; 95% CI = 0.86 – 3.80). Administration of antibiotics was significantly associated with direct admit than transferred patients (aOR = 6.84; 95% CI = 2.38 – 19.68). Transferred patients were more likely to receive intravenous fluid compared to direct admits (aOR = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.01 – 0.08). The study results have implications for policies and planning in the healthcare setting in The Gambia and other LMICs with similar settings. Based on the findings of this study, it is essential that hospital management teams adapt to increasing reliance of RTI patients on lower-level healthcare facilities. The study results suggest increased burden on lower-level health care facilities. Efforts and resources should focus more on supporting lower-level facilities.

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Open Access April 25, 2024

Green spaces more adapted and resilient to the current and future climatic conditions in the south of Portugal (Algarve): Xerophytic gardens using xeromorphic succulents

Delisa Xarepe, Ricardo Quinto Canas, Carmelo Maria Musarella

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 16-28. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.884

Abstract Considering the current climate conjuncture, it is a consensus that green spaces in large contemporary urban areas should be increasingly more numerous and simultaneously more sustainable, being adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the site, and with reduced maintenance costs. In the case of Algarve, where this research is focused, the current and future water availability, assumes a [...] Read more.

Considering the current climate conjuncture, it is a consensus that green spaces in large contemporary urban areas should be increasingly more numerous and simultaneously more sustainable, being adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the site, and with reduced maintenance costs. In the case of Algarve, where this research is focused, the current and future water availability, assumes a preponderant role in the design of green spaces, where the demands mentioned above can only be achieved if we deviate from conventional landscape practices and develop holistic strategies of management and design of green spaces that integrate different areas of knowledge and not merely aesthetic issues. In this context, this work aims to develop more adapted and resilient landscaping practices to the current and future climatic conditions of the Algarve, thus reinventing the concept of landscaping in the south of Portugal. Thus, it will be of paramount importance to develop more sustainable, resilient and tolerant projects to worsening ecological conditions, particularly limitations associated with water availability. The xeromorphic succulents are a group of plants with mechanisms of tolerance to water stress and with very specific characteristics, being succulence one of the most relevant. Studies on these mechanisms are increasingly frequent, which may prove to be very advantageous in our adaptation to future climatic challenges. In addition, their ornamental potential is enormous, since their bold forms and colours are a veritable sensory explosion, which, combined with their morphological and physiological characteristics, make them the species of choice in the reconversion or creation of xerophytic gardens.

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Open Access March 08, 2024

Analysis of Toxic Contaminants in Agriculture: Educational Strategies to Avoid Their Influence on Food

Ana Cano-Ortiz, José Carlos Piñar Fuentes, Eusebio Cano

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 1-15. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.718

Abstract A diagnosis of the current state of the crops is made regarding the control of weeds, use of pesticides, fungicides; with an assessment of the state of the plant covers in the crop, and its control by different types of herbicides, and we detected a high loss of biological diversity; and some of these compounds are mentioned due to their high toxicity. Similarly, the use of pesticides and [...] Read more.

A diagnosis of the current state of the crops is made regarding the control of weeds, use of pesticides, fungicides; with an assessment of the state of the plant covers in the crop, and its control by different types of herbicides, and we detected a high loss of biological diversity; and some of these compounds are mentioned due to their high toxicity. Similarly, the use of pesticides and fungicides is discussed due to their repercussions on health. In order to avoid the unhealthiness caused by the applications of these products, phytosanitary and educational control strategies are proposed; promoting the inspection of fruit and vegetable markets, and modifying the contents in higher professional and university education. To this end, we propose an active teaching methodology, through which the student acquires skills and responsibility for the use of chemical agents in agriculture, which serves to prevent the entry of these contaminants into the food chain. Of the different polluting chemical agents, in the case of herbicides we highlight Oxyfluorfen and Glyphosate with high toxicity and whose consumption is very high. In the case of pesticides and fungicides, among others are Organochlorine compounds, which have been detected in blood, and Carbon Tetrachloride and Chloroform, considered potent hepatotoxic and neurotoxic. The basic objective of this study is the awareness and acquisition of knowledge by future teachers about polluting agents, which will subsequently have an impact on society.

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Open Access March 06, 2024

Liver Cancer: A Psychological CBT Group Intervention Possibility Based on Scientific Review

Luísa Soares, Matilde Silva

World Journal of Cancer and Oncology Research 2024, 3(1), 1-12. DOI: 10.31586/wjcor.2024.833

Abstract This article focuses on primary liver cancer and tries to present a possible CBT-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy group intervention of 6 sessions and a follow up based on a scientific review. We present an international national data analyze of the problem and characterize it in terms of symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. From the psychological point of view our goal is to show and reflect on the [...] Read more.

This article focuses on primary liver cancer and tries to present a possible CBT-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy group intervention of 6 sessions and a follow up based on a scientific review. We present an international national data analyze of the problem and characterize it in terms of symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. From the psychological point of view our goal is to show and reflect on the connection between theory and practice in research mental health and the quality of life of people suffering from liver cancer. CBT interventions programme have shown efficacy and effectiveness on improving quality of life of patients. The expected outcomes of CBT intervention are mainly a better adaptation to cancer and a better perception on quality of live.

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Open Access March 05, 2024

Risk Factors of Vitamin D Insufficiency/Deficiency among a sample of Egyptian Females in Child Bearing Period

Ghada Essam Aldin Amin, Maivel Emile Soby Gerges, Inas Abd El Rahim Ali, Diaa Marzok Abdel Hamid, Mohamed Farouk Allam

Current Research in Public Health 2024, 4(1), 1-12. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2024.867

Abstract Background: Vitamin D plays an important role in the development of bone health and possibly non-communicable diseases. Arab countries had made their own national studies to assess serum vitamin D level among women, yet in Egypt there is no national survey done. The aim of the current study was to identify risk factors affecting vitamin D level among Egyptian females during the [...] Read more.

Background: Vitamin D plays an important role in the development of bone health and possibly non-communicable diseases. Arab countries had made their own national studies to assess serum vitamin D level among women, yet in Egypt there is no national survey done. The aim of the current study was to identify risk factors affecting vitamin D level among Egyptian females during the child-bearing period. Subjects and methods: A total of 100 healthy adult females in their childbearing period who were attending a Family Medicine Center were included in our study. The age of the included women ranged from 19 to 49 years old with a mean age of 34 (SD 8.47) years. The majority of participants had deficiency (43%) and insufficiency (13%) of vitamin D level. Results: Unemployed women were more likely to have vitamin D deficiency than employed women (P<0.05). Participants who were exposed to sun ˃30 minutes/day were more likely to have sufficient vitamin D level (P<0.05). All participants who consume fish ≥3 times/week had sufficient vitamin D level. Therefore, there was a statistically significance association between a number of consuming fish/week and vitamin D3 level groups. Also, there was statistically significant association between number of consumed milk cups/day and vitamin D3 level groups. All participants who drink 2 cups of milk have sufficient vitamin D level. No statistically significance association was found between using multivitamins and vitamin D3 level groups. Conclusion: Unemployment, low fish consumption and infrequent sun exposure were significant risk factors for vitamin D deficiency. Future research on the role of multivitamins supplements in improving vitamin D nutrition is warranted.

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Open Access March 05, 2024

Culture Shock in Nursing: A Concept Analysis

Mary Miliza Dagus, Vanessa Lacambra, Judith Magalona, Janette Mindanao, Roison Andro Narvaez, Myra Katrina Paredes

World Journal of Nursing Research 2024, 3(1), 1-35. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2024.898

Abstract 1) Background: Culture shock is a common experience by internationally educated nurses (IENs) working in foreign countries, characterized by disorientation and discomfort due to distinct norms, values, and rituals. 2) Aim: this study explores culture shock in IENs and explores mitigation techniques to enhance understanding of challenges faced in foreign cultural contexts. [...] Read more.

1) Background: Culture shock is a common experience by internationally educated nurses (IENs) working in foreign countries, characterized by disorientation and discomfort due to distinct norms, values, and rituals. 2) Aim: this study explores culture shock in IENs and explores mitigation techniques to enhance understanding of challenges faced in foreign cultural contexts. 3) Method: Using Concept Analysis by Walker and Avant (2019). 4) Results: A total of 20 articles were reviewed. Four major attributes were identified: psychological and emotional impact, communication barriers, acculturation and quality of life, and organizational challenges. 5) Conclusion: This paper explores the challenges faced by nurses from foreign countries due to cultural adjustment and proposes solutions to minimize its effects. It is beneficial for nurses, healthcare organizations, and policymakers, aiming to improve patient care and health outcomes. 6) Implication for Practice: Addressing culture shock can promote a smooth transition, enhance nurses' experience, and improve their cultural competence. Providing tailored orientation and mentorship programs can help IENs feel supported and empowered, leading to increased job satisfaction, retention rates, and better patient outcomes.

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Open Access March 05, 2024

Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of roasted maize-peanut product (Zowey) and its potential to alleviate oxidative stress

Martin Adarkwah-Yiadom, Alexander Weremfo, Daniel Awuah, Franklin Brian Apea-Bah

Universal Journal of Food Science and Technology 2024, 2(1), 1-13. DOI: 10.31586/ujfst.2024.865

Abstract Background: The study of phenolic compounds and their potential to contribute to health is a major interest in research. This work was to determine phenolic compound contents as well as antioxidant properties of roasted maize-peanut snack product with and without spices. Methods: HPLC was used to determine the phenolic composition of the maize flours, peanut flour and their composite [...] Read more.

Background: The study of phenolic compounds and their potential to contribute to health is a major interest in research. This work was to determine phenolic compound contents as well as antioxidant properties of roasted maize-peanut snack product with and without spices. Methods: HPLC was used to determine the phenolic composition of the maize flours, peanut flour and their composite snacks with and without spices. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), tannin content (TC) and radical scavenging activity (measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis (3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assays was also used. Results: TPC of the extract of roasted maize flour, roasted peanut flour and composite roasted maize-peanut flour ranged from 48.93 to 178.31 mg GAE/100 g, while the TFC was 3.18–25.94 mg CE/100 g and TC (0.22 – 0.73 mg CE/g). The dominant phenolic acid was protocatechuic acid ranged from 13.73 to 1643.54 µg/g. Among the flavonoids, quercetin and catechin were dominant. The extracts of the free soluble fraction exhibited 23.88 – 81.52 %, 49.59 – 85.17 % and 0.58 -5.13 µmol AAE/g of DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and ABTS radical scavenging abilities respectively. Conclusion: Maize–peanut product showed potential ability in contributing to alleviating radical induced oxidative stress.

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Open Access December 25, 2023

An Appraisal of International Students Retention and Graduation at Northern Arizona University

Mavis Gyesi

Open Journal of Educational Research 2023, 3(4), 215-227. DOI: 10.31586/ojer.2023.824

Abstract The Internationalization of higher education has plummeted since the 2010 tightening of migration policies. This study aims to examine the retention and graduation rates of international students at Northern Arizona University (NAU). Using a quantitative analysis approach, the study utilized secondary data from the Center for International Admission and Recruitment Office at NAU to examine the [...] Read more.

The Internationalization of higher education has plummeted since the 2010 tightening of migration policies. This study aims to examine the retention and graduation rates of international students at Northern Arizona University (NAU). Using a quantitative analysis approach, the study utilized secondary data from the Center for International Admission and Recruitment Office at NAU to examine the university’s recruitment, graduation, and retention strategies. The aim was to evaluate the impact of internationalization strategies on application and enrolment numbers. The study sample consisted over 2000 international students from fourteen countries, including China, India, Vietnam, Kuwait, Nepal, Ghana, Nigeria, United Kingdom, Spain, Germany, Canada, Mexico, France, and Iran in four cultural groups (Asia, Europe, Africa, and North America). A random sampling technique was used to select these countries partly because of their highest applications, enrolment numbers, as well as their adoption of recruitment strategies like those used by higher education institutions in the United States. A descriptive graphic representation, focusing on full-time undergraduate students during fall semesters, specifically freshmen international students, is illustrated. To facilitate a cross-country comparison of international students, this study presents an analysis of retention and graduation data across different countries spanning the past five years, from 2016 to 2020.

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Open Access December 19, 2023

Conservation of Cuabal from Community Environmental Education: Results of an Implemented Proposal

Yaima Mederos Jiménez, Georgina del Pilar Castro Acevedo, Anaiky Yanelín Borges Machín

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(2), 36-69. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.728

Abstract The spiny xeromorphic shrublands on serpentine (cuabales) constitute outstanding plant formations for the conservation of Cuban biodiversity, due to their floristic richness, high number of endemic species and local endemism, as well as their economic, social, cultural value and functions environmental. In the Callejón de Los Patos of Santa Clara, there are relicts of cuabal, although they show a [...] Read more.

The spiny xeromorphic shrublands on serpentine (cuabales) constitute outstanding plant formations for the conservation of Cuban biodiversity, due to their floristic richness, high number of endemic species and local endemism, as well as their economic, social, cultural value and functions environmental. In the Callejón de Los Patos of Santa Clara, there are relicts of cuabal, although they show a high level of deterioration due to human activity. This article presents the main results of an investigation, which focused on implementing actions for the development of Community Environmental Education, with emphasis on the conservation of cuabal, in Callejón de Los Patos. For the intervention process, the Community Self-Development Methodology was used, which is qualitative par excellence, and the investigative methods: document analysis, participant observation, in-depth, group and structured interviews, drawing directed, the reflective group, techniques group and triangulation of data. The main results of the research are: the diagnosis and implementation of actions, designed from the process of Community Environmental Education, which was developed at the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes National Rural School, of said settlement. During the intervention process, the development of cognitive, procedural and attitudinal knowledge for the conservation of cuabal was verified in the schoolchildren, contributing to the strengthening of the school as the most important cultural center of the community, as aspired in the Cuban National Education System.

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Open Access December 12, 2023

Threatened Wildlife for an Instructional Approach about Biodiversity Conservation

Antonio J. Mendoza-Fernández, Leticia Arnao, Candelaria Carretero, Fabián Martínez-Hernández, José M. Sánchez Robles

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(1), 47-60. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.693

Abstract Biodiversity is related to a global problem: its destruction, a fact supported by scientific authorities. It is not trivial that educational dimension has been contemplated as one of the strategies for its conservation. Since 1992 global initiatives such as the Convention on Biological Diversity postulates concepts that linked education and nature conservation. The main objective of this research work is to test the level of assimilation of extracurricular scientific knowledge by primary school pupils. The method chosen for the content was, on the one hand, a master class intervention with an interactive presentation on a digital whiteboard. Third cases were chosen. Each case consisted of a presentation of the current status of a species of fauna present in Spain. On the second part, students were asked to write an essay and to illustrate the experience during the presentation. Regarding the essays, students showed that they were more attracted to the first species that was presented (Iberian lynx) in a proportion of over 45% of cases. The “Endangered species” concept appeared in more than 77% of the texts reviewed. In terms of drawings, almost 55% of the responses seem to devote more attention to the second species described (Testudo graeca [...] Read more.

Biodiversity is related to a global problem: its destruction, a fact supported by scientific authorities. It is not trivial that educational dimension has been contemplated as one of the strategies for its conservation. Since 1992 global initiatives such as the Convention on Biological Diversity postulates concepts that linked education and nature conservation. The main objective of this research work is to test the level of assimilation of extracurricular scientific knowledge by primary school pupils. The method chosen for the content was, on the one hand, a master class intervention with an interactive presentation on a digital whiteboard. Third cases were chosen. Each case consisted of a presentation of the current status of a species of fauna present in Spain. On the second part, students were asked to write an essay and to illustrate the experience during the presentation. Regarding the essays, students showed that they were more attracted to the first species that was presented (Iberian lynx) in a proportion of over 45% of cases. The “Endangered species” concept appeared in more than 77% of the texts reviewed. In terms of drawings, almost 55% of the responses seem to devote more attention to the second species described (Testudo graeca). An attempt was made to offer rigorous, structured information related to different aspects of natural reality in order to contemplate the broadest possible vision. The example of an instructional intervention presented here aims to be an alternative to other transmissive teaching models. Likewise, the linking of abstract concepts with socio-cultural reality proved to be a successful strategy to reinforce knowledge about natural biodiversity, endangered species or threat factors.

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Open Access November 10, 2023

New records for the alien vascular flora of Calabria (S-Italy)

Alberto Capuano, Giuseppe Caruso

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(2), 1-35. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.723

Abstract While alien organisms, vascular plants included, are progressively increasing their worldwide impact on habitats, the present research confirms a similar dangerous trend for Calabria, the southernmost and floristically richest region of Italian Peninsula. The set of additional alien taxa here recorded for the vascular flora of Calabria includes: Acacia melanoxylon, Bidens subalternans, Buddleja davidii, Cucurbita moschata, Cyclospermum leptophyllum, Erigeron annuus subsp. annuus, Hesperocyparis glabra, Ligustrum ovalifolium, Mahonia aquifolium, Morus indica, Oenothera speciosa, Prunus serotina, Pyracantha fortuneana, Rudbeckia laciniata, Solanum nitidibaccatum, Sparaxis bulbifera, Tradescantia cerinthoides, [...] Read more.

While alien organisms, vascular plants included, are progressively increasing their worldwide impact on habitats, the present research confirms a similar dangerous trend for Calabria, the southernmost and floristically richest region of Italian Peninsula. The set of additional alien taxa here recorded for the vascular flora of Calabria includes: Acacia melanoxylon, Bidens subalternans, Buddleja davidii, Cucurbita moschata, Cyclospermum leptophyllum, Erigeron annuus subsp. annuus, Hesperocyparis glabra, Ligustrum ovalifolium, Mahonia aquifolium, Morus indica, Oenothera speciosa, Prunus serotina, Pyracantha fortuneana, Rudbeckia laciniata, Solanum nitidibaccatum, Sparaxis bulbifera, Tradescantia cerinthoides, Ulmus pumila. These additional 18 taxa bring the total number of alien species from 382 to 400. The most represented biological forms are scapose therophyte and scapose phanerophyte with 5 species (27.8% of the total). The most frequent biogeographic origins of the surveyed species are North America (6 species; 33.3%), followed by Asia and South America both with 4 species (22.2%). The most common habitats hosting the recorded alien taxa are roadsides (8 species; 44.4%), although all surveyed plants have been found in deeply anthropized environments. The altitude of occurrence, extending 3 to 1,286 m a.s.l., together with other ecological data provided, demonstrate the ability of aliens to potentially colonize a wide range of environments in the region.

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Open Access November 28, 2023

Breast Cancer: A Review on Quality of Life, Body Image and Environmental Sustainability

Luísa Soares, Lúcia Carolina Correia Silva

World Journal of Cancer and Oncology Research 2023, 2(2), 133-144. DOI: 10.31586/wjcor.2023.826

Abstract Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, with approximately two million new cases every year. The number of cases increases despite the high survival rate. The aim of this study is, therefore, to understand this cancer by finding out what has been studied in this area using scientific evidence published between 2003 and 2023. A search was therefore carried out for scientific [...] Read more.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, with approximately two million new cases every year. The number of cases increases despite the high survival rate. The aim of this study is, therefore, to understand this cancer by finding out what has been studied in this area using scientific evidence published between 2003 and 2023. A search was therefore carried out for scientific articles and other relevant sources on the subject with free access, and 48 documents were then analyzed. According to the analysis, many studies have been conducted in the area, particularly on quality of life and body image. However, little has been done in terms of environmental sustainability and breast cancer.

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Open Access November 27, 2023

Physico-chemical and sensory characterization of bread based on green banana (Musa spp.) flour

Abel Alberto Massingue Júnior, Angélica Agostinho Machalela, Felícia Natalino Djedje, Rafael Francisco Nanelo

Universal Journal of Food Science and Technology 2023, 1(1), 56-70. DOI: 10.31586/ujfst.2023.817

Abstract The banana (Musa spp. [...] Read more.

The banana (Musa spp.) is a tropical fruit with excellent sensory characteristics in terms of aroma, flavor and texture, consumed worldwide and exploited in most tropical countries. Green banana flour is rich in flavonoids, which protect the gastric mucosa, has a high content of resistant starch, which acts in the body as a dietary fiber and thus has health benefits, and is an alternative option for bakery products, reducing waste of both the peel and the pulp. The aim of this study was to develop bread formulations with partial substitution of wheat flour with green banana flour (FBV), thus increasing the nutritional, technological and sensory value. 4 formulations, (A), standard sample; (B), bread with 10% FBV; (C), bread with 15% FBV and (D), bread with 20% FBV. Physico-chemical quality was assessed in terms of moisture content by drying at 105ºC, ash by incineration, fat by the Soxhlet method, protein by the biuret method, carbohydrates by difference calculation and calorific value by sum calculation and sensory analysis by affective methods. The data was evaluated using the RStudio 4.2.1 DCC statistical package. There were no significant differences in moisture content, lipids and calorific value. Differences were evident in the ash and protein content. Sensory acceptance of the standard formulation was 82.22%. The results obtained show that green banana flour can be used as a partial substitute for wheat flour to produce breads with functional properties.

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Open Access November 20, 2023

Ensitrelvir improved SARS-CoV-2 viral titers of COVID-19 patients refractory to remdesivir

Masafumi Seki, Kotaro Mitsutake, Atsuko Shimizu, Daisuke Honda, Ken Ishigami, Mitsuko Yamanaka, Yasuhiro Kuwata, Genji Ueda, Kazunori Enami

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2023, 3(1), 27-31. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2023.796

Abstract Background: The titers of SARS-COV-2 antigens are frequently used as markers of viral activity and threshold for release from quarantine and treatment. COVID-19 patients were treated with several antiviral agents, including remdesivir (RDV) and ensitrelvir (ESV), which is a novel anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent recently suggested to have strong antiviral activity. Cases: We present the cases [...] Read more.

Background: The titers of SARS-COV-2 antigens are frequently used as markers of viral activity and threshold for release from quarantine and treatment. COVID-19 patients were treated with several antiviral agents, including remdesivir (RDV) and ensitrelvir (ESV), which is a novel anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent recently suggested to have strong antiviral activity. Cases: We present the cases of two patients whose SARS-CoV-2 antigens were successfully decreased by oral administration of ESV after they could not be decreased by RDV drip infusion. Case 1 was a 74-year-old man who was admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection and had been infected by the virus a month earlier and relapsed twice. He had been treated with rituximab for diffuse B cell lymphoma and not received vaccination for SARS-CoV-2. RDV was administered intravenously two weeks earlier and again 4 days earlier, but it failed to control the infection, and he was transferred to our hospital (day 1). Intravenous RDV was restarted on day 1, but viral antigens remained high until day 5. The RDV was then switched to oral ESV, and viral antigen titers were successfully decreased on days 8, 10, and 12. Case 2 was an 81-year-old man who was admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection on day 0. He had heart failure and diabetes mellitus, and had not received vaccination for SARS-CoV-2. Intravenous RDV was started on day 1, but viral antigens were still high until day 8. He was then switched from RDV to oral ESV, and viral antigen titers were successfully decreased on day 11. Conclusions: These cases suggest that ESV might be more effective than RDV for reducing viral activity, and it is easy to administer orally.

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Open Access November 10, 2023

Bioremediation of Heavy Metals in Crude Oil-Contaminated Utisol, Using Nutrient Formulate Produced from Jatropha tanjorensis Leaf Extract

Unyeawaji Brownson Ntesat, Chinwendu Emeka, Daniella Queen Edward

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(1), 37-46. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.688

Abstract This work evaluated the bioremediation potential of Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract at different masses (250g, 500g and 750g) over a 40-day period. To achieve this, crude oil contamination of sandy loam soil was stimulated in twelve plastic reactors containing fixed masses of soil (4kg each) of topsoil homogenized with 500g of Bonny light crude oil. The Jatropha tanjorensis leaves were cultivated, rinsed with distilled water, blended, and purified by filtration. The leaf extract was applied at the stated concentrations including a control reactor (without leaf extract). The plastics reactors were kept in an open air shielded away from rainfall. The physicochemical characteristics determined were particle size distribution (PSD), potential of hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), organic carbon (OC), selected heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Zn, Pb) and sample management were all in line with standard procedure. After 40 days of treatment, results obtained showed that plastic reactor with 750g of leaf extract produced the highest amount of cadmium reduction of 97% (from an initial of and there was significant difference among treatment (P < 0.05). The sequence of reduction among treatment was 750g > 500g > 250g of the leaf extract. Chromium, Lead and zinc followed similar trend. Thus, the Jatropha tanjorensis [...] Read more.

This work evaluated the bioremediation potential of Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract at different masses (250g, 500g and 750g) over a 40-day period. To achieve this, crude oil contamination of sandy loam soil was stimulated in twelve plastic reactors containing fixed masses of soil (4kg each) of topsoil homogenized with 500g of Bonny light crude oil. The Jatropha tanjorensis leaves were cultivated, rinsed with distilled water, blended, and purified by filtration. The leaf extract was applied at the stated concentrations including a control reactor (without leaf extract). The plastics reactors were kept in an open air shielded away from rainfall. The physicochemical characteristics determined were particle size distribution (PSD), potential of hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), organic carbon (OC), selected heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Zn, Pb) and sample management were all in line with standard procedure. After 40 days of treatment, results obtained showed that plastic reactor with 750g of leaf extract produced the highest amount of cadmium reduction of 97% (from an initial of and there was significant difference among treatment (P < 0.05). The sequence of reduction among treatment was 750g > 500g > 250g of the leaf extract. Chromium, Lead and zinc followed similar trend. Thus, the Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract has the potential to ameliorate crude oil-contaminated soil.

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Open Access November 03, 2023

Mathematical Modeling of the Price Volatility of Maize and Sorghum between 1960 and 2022

Samuel Olorunfemi Adams, Mohammed Anono Zubair, Michael Franklin Ezike

Journal of Mathematics Letters 2023, 1(1), 38-56. DOI: 10.31586/jml.2023.801

Abstract The price of grains like maize and sorghum is subject to significant fluctuations, which can have a significant impact on a country's economy and food security. The aim of the study is to model sorghum and maize price volatility in Nigeria. The data utilized in the study was extracted from World Bank Commodity Price Data (WBCPD), 2022. The data consists of monthly prices in nominal US dollars for [...] Read more.

The price of grains like maize and sorghum is subject to significant fluctuations, which can have a significant impact on a country's economy and food security. The aim of the study is to model sorghum and maize price volatility in Nigeria. The data utilized in the study was extracted from World Bank Commodity Price Data (WBCPD), 2022. The data consists of monthly prices in nominal US dollars for maize and sorghum from January 1960 – August 2022. The Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models were utilized for capturing the two-grain price volatility. Two types of conditional heteroscedastic models exist, the first group uses exact functions to control the evolution of , while the second group describes with stochastic equations. It is inferred from the result that inherent uncertainties and fluctuations existed in the prices of maize and sorghum in Nigeria which implies that the price volatility is positive and statistically significant suggesting that historical information and past shocks play a crucial role in determining the volatility observed in the grains. It is recommended that the ARCH, GARCH, EGARCH, TGARCH, PARCH, CGARCH, and IGARCH models should be employed for modeling and managing the volatility of maize and sorghum prices in Nigeria. These models have shown effectiveness in capturing different aspects of volatility, including the impact of past shocks, conditional volatility, asymmetry, and other relevant factors.

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Open Access November 03, 2023

Quality of Communication between Healthcare Providers and Pregnant Women: Impact on Maternal Satisfaction, Health Outcomes, and Shared Decision-Making

Fortune Afi Agbi, Zhou Lulin, Eric Owusu Asamoah

Universal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023, 2(1), 3-10. DOI: 10.31586/ujog.2023.784

Abstract The quality of communication between healthcare providers and pregnant women is a topic of paramount importance within the realm of maternal healthcare. It is not merely an aspect of medical interaction; rather, it is the prerequisite that influences various critical dimensions of maternal care, including maternal satisfaction, health outcomes, and shared decision-making. Effective communication [...] Read more.

The quality of communication between healthcare providers and pregnant women is a topic of paramount importance within the realm of maternal healthcare. It is not merely an aspect of medical interaction; rather, it is the prerequisite that influences various critical dimensions of maternal care, including maternal satisfaction, health outcomes, and shared decision-making. Effective communication between healthcare providers and pregnant women is essential for optimal maternal care during pregnancy and childbirth. Maternal satisfaction is a fundamental metric of patient-centered care, and improved communication, characterized by empathy, information sharing, and active listening, cultivates trust and enhances women's contentment with their care experiences. Positive provider-patient interactions are associated with improved emotional well-being, reduced stress levels, and increased adherence to prenatal recommendations, contributing to positive health outcomes for both mother and fetus. Shared decision-making is impacted by open and transparent dialogue between healthcare providers and pregnant women. Inclusive discussions about available interventions, risks, and benefits empower women to make informed choices aligned with their preferences and values. This shared decision-making promotes autonomy, self-efficacy, and a collaborative care partnership, potentially influencing the birthing experience and postpartum adaptation. However, challenges persist in communication quality, such as variability in healthcare provider communication styles, cultural considerations, and system-level factors. Addressing these challenges through targeted interventions, training, and policy implementation can further enhance the overall maternal care experience. Further research is needed to explore innovative strategies that optimize communication and promote positive outcomes throughout the continuum of maternal care.

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Review Article

Open Access November 02, 2023

Off-Label Use of Esketamine

Jacob Scarcella, Jeffrey MacDaniels, Lucinda Coffin, Thomas Schwartz

Global Journal of Medical Case Reports 2023, 3(1), 21-26. DOI: 10.31586/gjmcr.2023.809

Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant psychiatric condition, with many affected individuals not gaining remission from conventional treatments, leading to classification as treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This study aimed to investigate the potential of intravenous (IV) ketamine, particularly the S-enantiomer esketamine in nasal spray form, for treating patients with TRD and [...] Read more.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant psychiatric condition, with many affected individuals not gaining remission from conventional treatments, leading to classification as treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This study aimed to investigate the potential of intravenous (IV) ketamine, particularly the S-enantiomer esketamine in nasal spray form, for treating patients with TRD and associated comorbidities. We report three cases of patients with diverse psychiatric and medical backgrounds whom all reported significant symptomatic relief from depressive episodes and suicidal ideation (SI) following esketamine administration. Additionally, esketamine seemed to proffer benefits beyond the primary depressive symptoms, positively impacting other comorbid conditions, such as agitation, self-injurious behavior (SIB), and chronic pain. The goal of this paper is to highlight that while esketamine's primary utility is in addressing TRD, its therapeutic potential may extend to a variety of associated conditions. However, it is crucial to underscore the heterogeneity of MDD, emphasizing the necessity for individualized therapeutic approaches and further research into esketamine's broader applications.

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Case Series

Open Access November 01, 2023

Efficacy and Safety of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy with Direct Oral Anticoagulants versus Vitamin K Antagonist in Patients with Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

Victor Febriant, Tracy Solansa

Open Journal of Medical Sciences 2023, 3(1), 39-45. DOI: 10.31586/ojms.2023.808

Abstract Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare type of stroke caused by partial or complete occlusion of cerebral venous sinuses. Current guidelines recommend the administration of Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) during the acute phase and oral Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) such as warfarin for 3-12 months. Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) are an attractive alternative to VKAs as [...] Read more.

Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare type of stroke caused by partial or complete occlusion of cerebral venous sinuses. Current guidelines recommend the administration of Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) during the acute phase and oral Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) such as warfarin for 3-12 months. Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) are an attractive alternative to VKAs as therapy for CVT, for its safety and efficacy as anticoagulation therapy for deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Method: This systematic review is written based on PRISMA guidelines with electronic search performed on various databases for journals published from June 1, 2018 to June 1, 2023. Results: We found four studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria, with four randomized controlled studies presenting 179 CVT patients treated with DOAC and 150 patients treated with standard therapy. DOACs used in reviewed studies are Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban. Discussion: Administration of DOACs as anticoagulation therapy in patients with CVT presents better recanalization rate with no significant differences in efficacy compared with VKAs, along with a better safety profile through similar mortality rate across two groups. Conclusion: DOACs as long-term anticoagulation therapy in patients with CVT has better efficacy along with a similar safety profile compared to VKA.

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Systematic Review

Open Access October 31, 2023

Effectiveness of Probiotics for Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Hadeer Abdel-Aleem Hassan Mohamed Tawfik, Mohamed Nazmy Farres, Rasha Samir, Mohamed Nabil Badawy Al Ashram, Mina Mikhail Nessim, Mohamed Farouk Allam

Universal Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2023, 1(1), 17-25. DOI: 10.31586/ujgh.2023.735

Abstract Background: Recently specific interactions and crosslinks between the gut microbiota and the lungs have been recognized, particularly with regard to respiratory immune and anti-microbial reactions. This is often known as the “gut-lung axis” or “a common mucosal immunological system”. Objective: The aim of the current systematic review was to evaluate evidence, from published clinical trials and cohort studies, if probiotics may have an effect in improving and managing COVID-19 symptoms. Materials and methods: The available studies were searched through a comprehensive search of electronic databases that included PubMed, Science Direct, Scirus, ISI Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), using a combination of the following keywords: “COVID-19" OR [...] Read more.

Background: Recently specific interactions and crosslinks between the gut microbiota and the lungs have been recognized, particularly with regard to respiratory immune and anti-microbial reactions. This is often known as the “gut-lung axis” or “a common mucosal immunological system”. Objective: The aim of the current systematic review was to evaluate evidence, from published clinical trials and cohort studies, if probiotics may have an effect in improving and managing COVID-19 symptoms. Materials and methods: The available studies were searched through a comprehensive search of electronic databases that included PubMed, Science Direct, Scirus, ISI Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), using a combination of the following keywords: “COVID-19" OR "SARS-CoV-2" AND "Microbiota" OR "Probiotics” OR “Gut Lung Axis”. The literature was reviewed until August 31, 2022. Results: Only 3 studies were included. One of them evaluated the efficacy of probiotics in COVID-19 patients to obtain complete remission of all signs and symptoms. The clinical trial proves that probiotics have a significant effect on complete remission of all signs and symptoms of COVID-19 patients with statistical significant difference. Only one clinical trial out of the 3 included studies had evaluated the need for O2 therapy during the study between the probiotics and control groups, but without statistical significant difference. No statistical significant difference between the probiotics group and placebo group was observed regarding fatal prognosis during the only clinical trial that measured death as an outcome. Conclusion: We couldn’t judge on these results as they are insufficient data for pooling and meta-analysis. However, what we can say is “Most probably Probiotics have no role in treatment of COVID-19 infection”.

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Meta-Analysis

Open Access October 11, 2023

Quality of Life Assessment of Health Record Professionals Working in a Tertiary Health Facility, during the COVID 19 Pandemic in South Western Nigeria

Oluwaseun Emmanuel ODIPE, Mela DANJIN, Lateef Olabisi OKELEJI, Oluwayemisi Hope ADEWOLE

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(2), 128-138. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.741

Abstract Background: There is paucity of data on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Health Information Managers/Health Record Officers (HROs) in the Nigeria health system. Hence, this study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-related quality of life (QoL) among HROs in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Methods: A [...] Read more.

Background: There is paucity of data on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Health Information Managers/Health Record Officers (HROs) in the Nigeria health system. Hence, this study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-related quality of life (QoL) among HROs in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the University Hospital, where a total of 52 health record officers were purposively sampled. Relevant data were collected using the Short Form survey (SF-36v2) questionnaire. One-way ANOVA was used to determine mean group differences across the nine and the two QoL (physical and mental) summary domains based on respondents’ socio-demographics, while level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: All the QoL sections of the instrument used yielded an α-Cronbach’s score of > 0.70. Analysis of some QoL physical component dimensions showed that; Bodily pain (BP) was found to be significantly (P=0.032) associated with marital status, Physical functioning (PF) with gender (P=0.023), and general health (GH) with age group (P=00.025) and highest level of education (P=0.023). On the other hand, mental health component analysis revealed that Social Functioning (SF) was associated with age group (P=014), Role limitation (RE) with marital status (P=0.048), highest level of education (P=0.048) and years of service (P=0.015) etc. Conclusion: The QoL among HROs studied was generally above average, and demographic characteristics such as age, gender and marital status significantly influence QoL. Health managers and stakeholders should consider some of the factors identified in managing HROs.

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Article

Open Access October 08, 2023

Correlation of Thyroid Gland Functions with Menstrual Patterns amongst Infertile and Fertile Women Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in North-Central Nigeria

Halima Inya Aliu-Ayo, Kikelomo Temilola Adesina, Abiodun Akanbi Gafar Jimoh, Aloysius Obinna Ikwuka, Francis Chigozie Udeh, Sikiru Abayomi Biliaminu, Olayinka Waheed Ayo

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2023, 3(1), 13-26. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2023.787

Abstract A regular menstrual cycle is important to maintain a woman’s fertility. This cycle has been linked to optimal function of the thyroid gland in the production of its hormones. Disturbance of thyroid gland functions could result to female infertility due to changes in menstrual patterns. Aim of this research was to determine the correlation between thyroid gland functions and menstrual patterns amongst infertile and fertile women attending a tertiary care hospital in North-Central Nigeria. This comparative, cross-sectional study recruited 106 women who visited the hospital's Gynecology Clinic and Family Planning Clinic. 53 of the 106 patients were women with a history suggestive of either primary or secondary infertility and the remaining 53 women with no history of infertility served as the control. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on the patients’ menstrual patterns. Anthropometric data were measured and obtained. Collected blood samples were analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique to determine the serum levels of thyroid hormones. All obtained data was analyzed, and the level of significance was set at p<0.05, at a 95% confidence interval. 33 patients had menstrual anomalies (78.8% infertile women; 21.2% fertile women who served as control, p=0.012). The incidence of menstrual anomalies in the infertile women group and control group was 7.5% versus 0.0% for amenorrhea; 20.8% versus 5.7% for menorrhagia; 9.4% versus 7.5% for oligomenorrhea; 7.5% versus 0.0% for hypomenorrhea; nil polymenorrhea for both groups; and 50.9% versus 86.8% for normal menstrual patterns. Ten (9.43%) patients were diagnosed with thyroid dysfunctions (80% in infertile group; 20% in control group, p [...] Read more.

A regular menstrual cycle is important to maintain a woman’s fertility. This cycle has been linked to optimal function of the thyroid gland in the production of its hormones. Disturbance of thyroid gland functions could result to female infertility due to changes in menstrual patterns. Aim of this research was to determine the correlation between thyroid gland functions and menstrual patterns amongst infertile and fertile women attending a tertiary care hospital in North-Central Nigeria. This comparative, cross-sectional study recruited 106 women who visited the hospital's Gynecology Clinic and Family Planning Clinic. 53 of the 106 patients were women with a history suggestive of either primary or secondary infertility and the remaining 53 women with no history of infertility served as the control. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on the patients’ menstrual patterns. Anthropometric data were measured and obtained. Collected blood samples were analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique to determine the serum levels of thyroid hormones. All obtained data was analyzed, and the level of significance was set at p<0.05, at a 95% confidence interval. 33 patients had menstrual anomalies (78.8% infertile women; 21.2% fertile women who served as control, p=0.012). The incidence of menstrual anomalies in the infertile women group and control group was 7.5% versus 0.0% for amenorrhea; 20.8% versus 5.7% for menorrhagia; 9.4% versus 7.5% for oligomenorrhea; 7.5% versus 0.0% for hypomenorrhea; nil polymenorrhea for both groups; and 50.9% versus 86.8% for normal menstrual patterns. Ten (9.43%) patients were diagnosed with thyroid dysfunctions (80% in infertile group; 20% in control group, p=0.046). Six (18.2%) out of 33 women with menstrual anomalies were diagnosed with thyroid dysfunction. Five (83.3%) out of these 6 women with both menstrual anomalies and diagnosed thyroid dysfunction were infertile while only one (16.7%) was fertile. Thyroid gland dysfunction correlates strongly with abnormal menstrual patterns, which implies that it is vital to evaluate thyroid hormone levels in blood serum in the course of treating menstrual irregularities and female infertility. Early detection of thyroid dysfunction is important in achieving a positive treatment outcome for female infertility.

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Open Access October 07, 2023

A Systematic Review of Observational Studies Focusing on Impact of Telehealth Consultation in Osteoporosis Management during the Pandemic

Samia Amin, Oishi Barua, Farjana Masud ; Sumaiya Monjur, Tahsin Munajja, Ashish Joshi

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(2), 119-127. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.768

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine osteoporosis care due to clinic closures and limited in-person consultations. Telehealth emerged as an alternative model enabling remote care delivery and monitoring. However, previous reviews on telehealth either did not include the pandemic period or had a limited focus in scope. Evidence synthesized specifically for osteoporosis care [...] Read more.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine osteoporosis care due to clinic closures and limited in-person consultations. Telehealth emerged as an alternative model enabling remote care delivery and monitoring. However, previous reviews on telehealth either did not include the pandemic period or had a limited focus in scope. Evidence synthesized specifically for osteoporosis care during the pandemic is needed but lacking. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL for studies on telehealth for osteoporosis published between January 2021 and March 2023. Five studies met the inclusion criteria of: osteoporosis population, telehealth intervention, and COVID-19 pandemic timeframe. Data was extracted on study characteristics, COVID-19 outcomes, osteoporosis status, telehealth purpose, patient satisfaction, and clinical outcomes. Result: The five studies showed telehealth was used for monitoring data, delivering test results, adjusting medications, and assessments. Osteoporosis prevalence among telehealth users ranged 30-100%. High patient satisfaction was reported with telehealth versus in-person care. No major differences occurred in medication delays or fractures between telehealth and in-person groups. Conclusion: This review found telehealth enables effective osteoporosis care and monitoring during the pandemic, with high patient and provider satisfaction. However, more robust randomized controlled trials are needed to establish stronger evidence around telehealth's impacts on clinical osteoporosis outcomes. Implications: Though promising, further high-quality studies will help clarify telehealth's role in improving osteoporosis care and outcomes. Findings inform guidelines on integrating telehealth into routine management. Evidence on user perspectives optimizes telehealth implementation policies.

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Systematic Review

Open Access September 26, 2023

Charged Stellar Model with Generalized Chaplygin Equation of State Consistent with Observational Data

Manuel Malaver, Rajan Iyer

Universal Journal of Physics Research 2023, 2(1), 43-59. DOI: 10.31586/ujpr.2023.748

Abstract In this paper, we found a new model for a compact star with charged anisotropic matter distribution considering the generalized Chaplygin equation of state. The Einstein-Maxwell field equations have been solved with a particular form of metric potential and electric field intensity. The plots show that physical variables such as radial pressure, energy density, charge density, anisotropy, radial [...] Read more.

In this paper, we found a new model for a compact star with charged anisotropic matter distribution considering the generalized Chaplygin equation of state. The Einstein-Maxwell field equations have been solved with a particular form of metric potential and electric field intensity. The plots show that physical variables such as radial pressure, energy density, charge density, anisotropy, radial speed sound, and the mass are fully well defined and are regular in the star's interior. We obtained models consistent with stellar objects such as GJ 832, LHS 43, SAO 81292, GJ 380, GJ 412, and SAO 62377.

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Article

Open Access September 26, 2023

Drug-Receptor Interaction of Peptidic HIV-1 Protease: Intermolecular Interaction-III

Vishnu Kumar Sahu, Neetu Chandra, Anil Kumar Soni, Pratibha Singh, Rajesh Kumar Singh

Online Journal of Microbiological Research 2023, 3(1), 1-22. DOI: 10.31586/ojmr.2023.630

Abstract Recently, we have studied drug-receptor interaction of the peptidic HIV-1 protease inhibitors based on polar and hydrophobic interactions. We have also studied pharmacokinetics of these inhibitors based on Lipinski’s rule of five and its extended form. After that there was a need to study intermolecular interactions. From literatures, drug-receptor interaction involves hydrogen bonds between [...] Read more.

Recently, we have studied drug-receptor interaction of the peptidic HIV-1 protease inhibitors based on polar and hydrophobic interactions. We have also studied pharmacokinetics of these inhibitors based on Lipinski’s rule of five and its extended form. After that there was a need to study intermolecular interactions. From literatures, drug-receptor interaction involves hydrogen bonds between acceptor and donor sites of drug and its receptor. These donor acceptor sites must be more than four to be dominant. As single intermolecular H-bond is relatively weak and unlikely to support this type of interaction. It is also clear from literature that this interaction contribute to the alignment of reacting species in proper three-dimensional space in such a position that strong and effective polar or hydrophobic or both interaction occurs to form drug-receptor adduct or enzyme inhibitor complex as appropriate. The strength of H-bonds formed between drug and receptor was judged by bond lengths, bond angles and bond orders. As well as, its nature (strong, moderate or weak) and its number, too. Along with H-bonding, we have also studied Van der Walls i.e. non-bonding type interaction. These non-bonding interactions were studied using charge transfer from donor to acceptor and this results transfer of electron flux from donor molecule (drug/receptor) towards acceptor (receptor/ drug). Thus, lowering of energy of the system under investigation will occur. For this resulted interaction energy was also studied that very clearly explain feasibility of interactions. As we know that all above phenomena are molecular properties and do not cover involvement of orbitals. To cover this we have also studied drug-receptor interaction involving molecular orbital. It was HOMO of one reacting molecule (B) that donates electron pair, electron cloud or electron density to LUMO of another reacting molecule (A) that accepts or accommodates this electron pair, electron cloud or electron density. The quantity of the electron flux from HOMO to LUMO was judged by the value of ∆E_LH. A lower value of this will support strong and effective drug-receptor interaction. Results of orbital based study have also been found to supports the results as abstracted from interaction energy.

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Open Access September 22, 2023

Bioremediation of Total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Crude Oil-Contaminated Soil using Costus afer Plant

Chinwendu Emeka, Reuben N. Okparanma, Okogbule-Wonodi Achinike

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(1), 26-36. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.656

Abstract Costus afer is a well-known medicinal plant abundant in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The successful growth of Costus afer plant on crude oil contaminated soil adds to the list of plants that has potential to get rid of harmful chemical compounds to save human life as well preserve the environment. This study investigates the remediation potential of Costus afer plant at different ages (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days old) to decontaminate petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. To achieve this, contamination of sandy-loam soil was simulated by mixing T0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 L of Bonny-Light crude oil with 48 kg of the soil in three separate reactors to achieve conditions of low, medium, and high contamination, respectively. The reactor with medium-level contaminated soil served as the control. The plants were nursed and transplanted at the stated ages to each reactor except the control. Controlled irrigation was applied, and the setups were housed to shield them from rainfall. After 90 days of treatment, results showed that the 7 days old plants produced the highest amounts of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (TPAH) reduction of 99.71, 90.10, and 84.06 % in the soil with low, medium, and high contamination, respectively. Furthermore, the sequence of TPAH reduction by the plants was 14 days old > 21 days old > 28 days old > 35 days old > 42-days old. Thus, in addition to its medicinal value, Costus afer [...] Read more.

Costus afer is a well-known medicinal plant abundant in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The successful growth of Costus afer plant on crude oil contaminated soil adds to the list of plants that has potential to get rid of harmful chemical compounds to save human life as well preserve the environment. This study investigates the remediation potential of Costus afer plant at different ages (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days old) to decontaminate petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. To achieve this, contamination of sandy-loam soil was simulated by mixing T0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 L of Bonny-Light crude oil with 48 kg of the soil in three separate reactors to achieve conditions of low, medium, and high contamination, respectively. The reactor with medium-level contaminated soil served as the control. The plants were nursed and transplanted at the stated ages to each reactor except the control. Controlled irrigation was applied, and the setups were housed to shield them from rainfall. After 90 days of treatment, results showed that the 7 days old plants produced the highest amounts of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (TPAH) reduction of 99.71, 90.10, and 84.06 % in the soil with low, medium, and high contamination, respectively. Furthermore, the sequence of TPAH reduction by the plants was 14 days old > 21 days old > 28 days old > 35 days old > 42-days old. Thus, in addition to its medicinal value, Costus afer plant also has the potential to restore crude oil-contaminated soils.

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Open Access September 20, 2023

Group-specific Differences in Blood Lead Levels among Occupationally Exposed Workers in Greater Banjul Area, The Gambia

Edrisa Sanyang, Alhaji Jabbi, Manjally Ndow, Erin M. Reynolds, Egbe Egiebor, Joshia Alamu

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(2), 105-118. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.766

Abstract Occupational lead (Pb) exposure continues to be an important public health problem globally, yet data is lacking on the associated risks and resources available for the prevention of Pb related diseases in low middle income countries (LMICs) like The Gambia. In this study, we used a case-control design to compare blood lead levels (BLLs) between the exposed (auto repair workers) and unexposed [...] Read more.

Occupational lead (Pb) exposure continues to be an important public health problem globally, yet data is lacking on the associated risks and resources available for the prevention of Pb related diseases in low middle income countries (LMICs) like The Gambia. In this study, we used a case-control design to compare blood lead levels (BLLs) between the exposed (auto repair workers) and unexposed (healthcare workers) populations in The Greater Banjul Area. The data was analyzed using Chi square test of independence to determine the characteristic factors associated with BLL. Multivariate logistic regression was used to test the relationship between BLLs for auto repair and healthcare workers and their experiences. The results of this study indicated 82.1% of cases had higher BLLs compared to 52.9% of controls. Also, the proportion of workers with elevated BLLs was higher for certain factors including more than 80% of those with greater than 10 of years job experience, more than 70% of those who worked greater than 5 days a week, worked more than 8 hours per day, did not use personal protective equipment (PPE), were illiterate or had no formal education, and smoked or ate at work. The study results have implications for policies and practice in the auto repair industry and related workplaces in The Gambia and other LMICs with similar settings. Based on the findings of this study, it is essential to initiate discussions to establish national occupational health policies in The Gambia aimed at protecting workers and the general population.

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Open Access September 19, 2023

Lonely No More: Investigating the Connection between Family Health, Social Support, and Well-being in Chinese “Empty Nest Youth”

Yan-yan Wang

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(2), 90-104. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.771

Abstract Background: The phenomenon of "empty nest youth" is becoming increasingly ubiquitous, capturing the attention of society at large. However, few studies have been conducted in recent years on this group, especially focusing on their family and mental health. As such, this study investigates the correlation between family health and well-being among "empty nest youth," as well as the function of social support and loneliness in this relationship. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to August 2022 across 32 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China, utilizing a multi-stage sampling technique. And we screened individuals who were unmarried, living alone, and between 22-44 years old, resulting in a valid sample size of 908 cases; multiple regression analysis, mediation effect testing, and moderation effect testing are used to examine research hypotheses. Results: The regression analysis results show that family health not only has a direct impact on well-being (β = 0.36, p < 0.001) but also indirectly affects well-being through social support [β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.19 0.28]. Additionally, the loneliness moderates the predictive impact of not only family health on social support (β = -0.13, p < 0.001) but also social support on well-being (β = -0.06, p [...] Read more.

Background: The phenomenon of "empty nest youth" is becoming increasingly ubiquitous, capturing the attention of society at large. However, few studies have been conducted in recent years on this group, especially focusing on their family and mental health. As such, this study investigates the correlation between family health and well-being among "empty nest youth," as well as the function of social support and loneliness in this relationship. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June to August 2022 across 32 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China, utilizing a multi-stage sampling technique. And we screened individuals who were unmarried, living alone, and between 22-44 years old, resulting in a valid sample size of 908 cases; multiple regression analysis, mediation effect testing, and moderation effect testing are used to examine research hypotheses. Results: The regression analysis results show that family health not only has a direct impact on well-being (β = 0.36, p < 0.001) but also indirectly affects well-being through social support [β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.19 0.28]. Additionally, the loneliness moderates the predictive impact of not only family health on social support (β = -0.13, p < 0.001) but also social support on well-being (β = -0.06, p < 0.001). Conclusions: These findings underscore the significance of directing policymakers and healthcare professionals towards the "empty nest youth's" familial and social support systems. It underscores the need for the development of policies aimed at addressing their emotional and material requirements by leveraging these familial and social networks. This approach ultimately contributes to the enhancement of their overall psychological well-being, promoting a more coherent and logical pathway for intervention and support.

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Open Access September 17, 2023

Knowledge and practice of diabetic foot prevention among diabetic patients attending Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia: an institutional-based cross-sectional study

Lamine Tinkiano, Amadou Barrow, Ayodeji Matthew Adebayo

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(2), 67-89. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.762

Abstract Background: The increasing prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is closely tied to complications, particularly diabetic foot ulcers, which significantly raise the risk of lower extremity amputations due to infected, non-healing ulcers. This study aimed to assess diabetic foot prevention knowledge, practices and associated factors among patients at the Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital [...] Read more.

Background: The increasing prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is closely tied to complications, particularly diabetic foot ulcers, which significantly raise the risk of lower extremity amputations due to infected, non-healing ulcers. This study aimed to assess diabetic foot prevention knowledge, practices and associated factors among patients at the Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital (EFSTH), Banjul. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we employed a convenience sampling technique to enroll 357 diabetic patients, both inpatients and outpatients, who were under the care of EFSTH. Data on diabetic foot prevention were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted by trained interviewers. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS, encompassing descriptive analysis, chi-square, Fisher exact tests, and logistic regression. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05, with a 95% confidence interval. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 47.3 years (±10.5), with women comprising 55.2% of the study population and 94.4% were married. About 73% demonstrated good knowledge of diabetic foot care and prevention, while 25.8% exhibited fair knowledge. A significant association was observed in bivariate analysis with patients’ educational level (P = 0.032). Specifically, patients with Madarasa (Arabic) education had a 68% lower likelihood 【aOR: 0.320, 95% CI: (0.103, 0.992), p = 0.048】 of practicing diabetic foot care and prevention compared to those with tertiary education. Conclusion: The study revealed that participants’ knowledge of preventing diabetic foot was high. However, the practice was poor. Therefore, there is a need for more health education on the practices that would emphasize diabetes management among diabetes patients.

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Open Access August 30, 2023

Spin Structures and non-Relativistic Spin Operators

Plamen Netchev

Universal Journal of Physics Research 2023, 2(1), 38-42. DOI: 10.31586/ujpr.2023.664

Abstract In Quantum Physics, the spin and angular momentum operators are magnitudes introduced by means of a vector transformation law. However, interpreting the eigenvalues of its Z "components" as projections on said axis leads to certain contradictions supposedly avoided by a mandatory (presented as a freely selected) Z's orientation. It is shown that an oriented physical space almost forces us to [...] Read more.

In Quantum Physics, the spin and angular momentum operators are magnitudes introduced by means of a vector transformation law. However, interpreting the eigenvalues of its Z "components" as projections on said axis leads to certain contradictions supposedly avoided by a mandatory (presented as a freely selected) Z's orientation. It is shown that an oriented physical space almost forces us to project the angular momentum's and spin's eigenvalues onto its orientation's 3-form, which sidesteps entering into inconsistencies. The final conclusion is that this "rare" magnitude called spin, downright naturally comes in and plays thanks to the orientation of our three-dimensional space.

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Communication

Open Access August 18, 2023

ETCS as an Effective Tool to enable HRM to fulfill the Requirements of CSR in the Field of Employee Training: An Innovative Design and Specific Requirements

Younis A. Battal Saleh

Universal Journal of Business and Management 2023, 3(1), 1-27. DOI: 10.31586/ujbm.2023.673

Abstract Purpose: There are specific requirements to fulfill CSR in the field of the training function, which can be deduced through a deep understanding of the meaning of CSRs (specifically, economic and ethical responsibilities). Those requirements must be included in the Electronic Training Card System (ETCS) to enable HRM in large organizations to adhere to its social responsibilities in the [...] Read more.

Purpose: There are specific requirements to fulfill CSR in the field of the training function, which can be deduced through a deep understanding of the meaning of CSRs (specifically, economic and ethical responsibilities). Those requirements must be included in the Electronic Training Card System (ETCS) to enable HRM in large organizations to adhere to its social responsibilities in the field of the employee training function. Therefore, this study aims to identify the needs of CSR in the field of training function and indicate how to include them in ETCS, in addition to identifying the necessary requirements for adopting of ETCS in business establishments. Method: The researcher adopted the following two concepts: 1) The concept of optimal use of economic resources (corporate economic responsibility); 2) The concept of fair opportunities for all (corporate ethical responsibility) in describing and specifying the items of criteria for measuring the effectiveness and efficiency of HRM in performing its job duties in the field of training. To design ETCS and include those requirements ″ items″ in it, the researcher relied on his diligence and skill in the field of designing electronic systems. Results: The study identified items of criteria for measuring the effectiveness and efficiency of HRM in performing its job duties in the field of training in a manner consistent with the requirements of CSR. The study was also able to design ETCS that will enable HRM to fulfill the requirements of CSR in employee training and determine the requirements for its application in institutions. Originality/Value: According to the researcher's vision, ETCS proposed in this study will enable HRMs in business institutions to adhere to their CSRs in the field of employee training- especially economic and ethical, because of its harmonious design with CSRs requirements.

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Article

Open Access July 28, 2023

Should not we vaccinate the public against seasonal influenza all over the year in COVID-19 era?

Mohamed Farouk Allam, Khaled Mahmoud Abd-Elaziz

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(2), 64-66. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.706

Abstract The pandemic of the SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) that was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020 is still ongoing. One of the early recommendations from CDC and other international agencies is the seasonal influenza vaccination to decrease the effects and burden of COVID-19 pandemic. This review suggests that during COVID-19 pandemic vaccination against seasonal influenza should [...] Read more.

The pandemic of the SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) that was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020 is still ongoing. One of the early recommendations from CDC and other international agencies is the seasonal influenza vaccination to decrease the effects and burden of COVID-19 pandemic. This review suggests that during COVID-19 pandemic vaccination against seasonal influenza should be conducted all over the year, even for young age groups, because of several reasons. First, the complications of seasonal influenza, especially pneumonia, could increase the burden on the saturated healthcare systems worldwide. Second, the resemblance of symptoms and signs of both seasonal influenza and COVID-19 will difficult diagnosing and isolation of COVID-19 patients. Third, it has been postulated that there is a cross immunity between seasonal influenza and COVID-19.

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Mini Review

Open Access July 24, 2023

Role of Oncology Nurse Navigators: An Integrative Review

Jozelle Mae Suazo, Gold Mendoza, Al Canaynay, Roison Andro Narvaez

World Journal of Cancer and Oncology Research 2023, 2(1), 66-84. DOI: 10.31586/wjcor.2023.733

Abstract Background: Oncology nurse navigators (ONNs) are becoming even more vital as healthcare continues to develop into a more complicated, confusing maze for patients. When many specialists on the treatment team have divergent points of view due to the nature of their respective professions or other factors, the patient may experience feelings of confusion. In the end, this can cause delays in [...] Read more.

Background: Oncology nurse navigators (ONNs) are becoming even more vital as healthcare continues to develop into a more complicated, confusing maze for patients. When many specialists on the treatment team have divergent points of view due to the nature of their respective professions or other factors, the patient may experience feelings of confusion. In the end, this can cause delays in treatment, pose a threat to the established standard of care, and lead to a decrease in patient satisfaction. Aim: To enumerate various ways in which ONNs may help improve the quality of life of cancer patients. Design: An integrative review. Results: A total of 19 studies related to the topic are evaluated. Four main themes namely: provider of psychological support, facilitator of timely care, oncology nurse navigators perception of their role and patient’s perception of oncology nurse navigators and 3 sub themes which are: information giver, source of emotional support and coordinator, were identified to be the roles of the ONNs. The findings showed that oncology nurse navigators help reduce patients anxiety and distress, increase patient satisfaction, shorten the time from diagnosis to treatment, provide necessary information, support them emotionally and coordinate their care with the different members of the healthcare team and resources. Conclusion: The main function of the ONNs is to address any barrier that may hinder the patient’s cancer treatment, survivorship and even palliative care. ONNs make sure that each patient has individualized nursing care according to the patients and their families' needs. Implications for Practice: ONNs have the potential to significantly contribute not only to the quality of life of cancer patients but also to the process of achieving better service integration. The result of this integrative review contributes to the growth of the healthcare system by improving accessibility, fairness, efficiency, effectiveness, and the ability to maintain health services throughout time brought about by ONNs.

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Review Article

Open Access July 06, 2023

Health condition of palm trees of Mexico City, with an emphasis on “crowns”

Luz de Lourdes Saavedra-Romero, Dionicio Alvarado-Rosales, Alejandra Almaraz-Sánchez, Andrés Quezada-Salinas, Silvia Edith García-Díaz, Sergio Aranda-Ocampo, Carlos Fredy Ortiz-García, Armando Equihua-Martínez, José Abel López-Buenfil

Open Journal of Agricultural Research 2023, 3(1), 12-27. DOI: 10.31586/ojar.2023.690

Abstract The government of Mexico City carried out the introduction of palm trees in the 50s to increase the visual appearance of the main avenues. As a result of introduction of these exotic species, phytosanitary problems appeared. Currently there is scarce information on how to evaluate the health of these majestic monocots, in this sense, it is necessary to implement assessment scales to determine the [...] Read more.

The government of Mexico City carried out the introduction of palm trees in the 50s to increase the visual appearance of the main avenues. As a result of introduction of these exotic species, phytosanitary problems appeared. Currently there is scarce information on how to evaluate the health of these majestic monocots, in this sense, it is necessary to implement assessment scales to determine the health condition of the most frequently found species to advance on their care and management. The present study had the following objectives: 1) To determine the current state of health of palm trees by means of a scale of visual evaluation of the crown; 2) To know the diversity and structural characteristics of palm trees and 3) To determine the influence of composite variables on the ecosystem services such as the amount of shade provided. Health of palm trees were evaluated two times (dry and rainy seasons in 2022) on 35 transects of 200 m length. An imaginary circle divided into twelfths was overlapped on palm tree “crowns”, and through it, two absolute variables, Live Crown Ratio (LCR) and Crown Quality (CQ) were evaluated. Composite variables were also calculated. The 12/12 health scale adapted in the present study was useful. Four health categories were obtained for the Live crown ratio (LCR): 7.62% of the palm trees were in critical condition, 7.80% were in intermediate condition, 80.36% were in normal condition, and 4.20% were in excellent condition. Meanwhile, for crown quality (CQ), the percentages were 13.50%, 20.00%, 56.96% and 0.43%, respectively. The total height and “crown” diameter showed a positive correlation with the volume composite variables. The shadow area projected as an important ecosystem service increased as the health of the palm trees improved. This is the first study on palm trees health assessment in Mexico City.

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Article

Open Access May 10, 2023

Knowledge of Obstetric Warning Signs and Associated Risks among Saudi Pregnant Women

Najlaa Al-Nayef, Mufareh Asiri, Ahmad Haimour, Marwa Baghdady, Feras Abuerwak

Universal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023, 1(1), 22-32. DOI: 10.31586/ujog.2023.680

Abstract Women must be aware of the risk factors of pregnancy complications and the negative maternal and fetal health consequences to take preventative measures and management strategies that will result in a successful pregnancy. This study aimed to assess the Level of Knowledge about obstetric warning signs and the associated factors among pregnant Saudi women attending antenatal care in a tertiary care [...] Read more.

Women must be aware of the risk factors of pregnancy complications and the negative maternal and fetal health consequences to take preventative measures and management strategies that will result in a successful pregnancy. This study aimed to assess the Level of Knowledge about obstetric warning signs and the associated factors among pregnant Saudi women attending antenatal care in a tertiary care maternity set-up in Riyadh City. Data for this cross-sectional study were obtained using a structured questionnaire from eligible pregnant women admitted to King Saud Medical City (KSMC) between August 2020 and March 2021. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Out of a minimum estimated sample size of 170, researchers recruited 362 participants. As observed, only 92 people, or 25.4%, had enough knowledge about various educational levels. The majority (91.2%) lived in villages, had no history of chronic disease (74.0%), and said that it took them at least 30 minutes to commute from their home to the hospital (69.3%). Two hundred two (55.7%) lacked appropriate knowledge, although most women (76.2%) had one to four pregnancies. Poor psychological health resulted from 37 people's (10.2%) inadequate Awareness. Even though 139 (38.4%) had spent more than 15 minutes receiving education from medical staff and 200 (61.5%) had attended the prenatal care clinic more than four times, most lacked adequate knowledge. The variables education level (P=0.000), working status (P=0.022), and place of residence (P=0.044) showed a statistically significant association with the knowledge level, also only education level statistically significantly affected the likelihood of knowledge gaps. In conclusion, early identification of obstetric warning signs and associated risk factors of pregnancy complications is integral to prevention.

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Article

Open Access May 06, 2023

Socioeconomic Drivers of Conservation Commitment: Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Ecosystem Services Provided by Beaches in Lagos State, Nigeria

Peace Chukwuyem UGBEKILE

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(1), 9-25. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.594

Abstract Beaches are known for their ability to provide people with several services – these are generally referred to as ‘ecosystem services’ and they have been identified as one of the ways through which nature relates to humans. However, beaches in Nigeria are challenged by mismanagement caused by anthropogenic factors. It is expected that people will demonstrate a certain amount of dedication to [...] Read more.

Beaches are known for their ability to provide people with several services – these are generally referred to as ‘ecosystem services’ and they have been identified as one of the ways through which nature relates to humans. However, beaches in Nigeria are challenged by mismanagement caused by anthropogenic factors. It is expected that people will demonstrate a certain amount of dedication to protecting this ecosystem to address this issue. Sometimes, a person's commitment to conservation is based on the advantages they anticipate or are currently experiencing from the ecosystem, which are a result of their socioeconomic traits. Against this backdrop, this study captured individuals’ commitment as their Willingness to Pay (WTP) for these ecosystem services, assessed their level of awareness of the various ecosystem services provided by beaches and investigated the impact of socioeconomic factors on participants’ willingness to pay. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and a total of 221 responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, logistic regression and content analysis. The results revealed that the cultural service provided by beaches was the most common ecosystem service identified by the participants. Furthermore, most of the participants were willing to pay less than $3 for beach maintenance while the major determinants of WTP were age, household size and education. This study recommended that the government should work with other stakeholders to set up programs that would boost people’s awareness of ecosystem services provided by beaches as well as reiterate the need to maintain this ecosystem to ensure continued enjoyment of the services provided.

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Article

Open Access April 28, 2023

Evaluation of the Incidences of Risk Occurrence and Severity in PPP-Procured Mass Housing Projects (PPP-MHPs) in Abuja, Nigeria

Arijeloye Bamidele Temitope, Oke Ayodeji Emmanuel, Aje Isaac Olaniyi

World Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2023, 2(1), 86-98. DOI: 10.31586/wjcea.2023.608

Abstract Risks in Public Private Procurement mass housing project (PPP-MHP) initiatives are emerging and this requires early risk identification and allocation to achieve the goal and sustenance of the scheme. The study, being a follow-up of a Delphi survey, elicits the opinion of respondents on the probability of occurrence and severity of identified risks in PPP-MHPs in Nigeria. The study adopts a [...] Read more.

Risks in Public Private Procurement mass housing project (PPP-MHP) initiatives are emerging and this requires early risk identification and allocation to achieve the goal and sustenance of the scheme. The study, being a follow-up of a Delphi survey, elicits the opinion of respondents on the probability of occurrence and severity of identified risks in PPP-MHPs in Nigeria. The study adopts a quantitative research design approach by administering structure questionnaire survey on identified PPP-MHPs partners in Abuja, Nigeria. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools such as Mean item score (MIS), standard deviation, and Kruskal Wallis analytical techniques with the aid of SPSS software packages. The findings show that all the listed risk factors were found to be extremely high, very high, high, or moderate in terms of occurrence while all the listed risk factors recorded a very high level of severity on the delivery of PPP-MHPs. The top ten (10) risk factors frequently associated with PPP-MHPs are non-availability of finance, high finance cost, non-involvement of the host community, poor execution of housing policies, corruption and lack of respect for law, wrong perception of housing need by low-income earners, Illegal title to land, land acquisition and site availability, level of demand for the mass housing projects and unstable value of local currency. The respondents differs significantly on 29 risk factors in terms of occurrence and 40 risk factors in term of severity. The study, therefore, recommends that risk management culture should be highly encouraged among the PPP Partners in the sector. The study intends to enumerate the rate of occurrence of some itemized risk factors and their severities on the delivery of PPP – procured mass housing projects in Nigeria and the need to bookmark these risk factors in ensuring the sustainability of the PPP mass housing scheme.

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Article

Open Access April 27, 2023

Evaluation of the Critical risk factors in PPP - procured Mass Housing Projects in Abuja Nigeria - A fuzzy synthetic evaluation (FSE) approach

Arijeloye Bamidele Temitope, Oke Ayodeji Emmanuel, Aje Isaac Olaniyi

World Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2023, 2(1), 58-85. DOI: 10.31586/wjcea.2023.605

Abstract The study accessed the critical risk factors in public-private partnership (PPP)-procured mass housing project (MHP) delivery in Nigeria. The research design adopts a quantitative approach, using well-structured questionnaires distributed to stakeholders involved in PPP-MHPs i.e. consultants, in-house professionals, contractors, and the organized private sector (OPS) registered with PPP [...] Read more.

The study accessed the critical risk factors in public-private partnership (PPP)-procured mass housing project (MHP) delivery in Nigeria. The research design adopts a quantitative approach, using well-structured questionnaires distributed to stakeholders involved in PPP-MHPs i.e. consultants, in-house professionals, contractors, and the organized private sector (OPS) registered with PPP departments in the Federal Capital Territory Development Authority (FCDA) Abuja, Nigeria. The instrument relates to the background information of respondents and the risk peculiar to PPP-MHP. Sixty-three (63) risk factors were submitted for the respondents to rank using Mean Item score (MIS) for risk occurrence and its severity, while risk significance index (RI) was used to determine the risk impact. Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation (FSE) method was subsequently applied to determine the risk criticality groups and the overall risk level in the sector. The fuzzy set theory deals with ambiguous, subjective and imprecise judgments peculiar to decision making in construction project risk assessment. It aims to provide a synthetic evaluation of an object relative to a fuzzy decision environment with multiple criteria that requires qualitative linguistic terms. The findings show that thirty-one (31) risk factors were critical in the sector while financial and micro-economic risk group is contributing most significantly to the overall risk level in PPP-MHPs in Nigeria. The top 10 risk factors in the sector include availability of finance, high finance cost, the unstable value of the local currency, lack of creditworthiness, influential economic events (boom/recession), high bidding cost, poor financial market, financial attraction to project investors, interest rate volatility, inflation rate volatility, corruption and lack of respect for the law, non-involvement of the host community and poor execution of housing policies. The implication for practice is that having known the risk group contributing most significantly to the overall risk level in PPP-MHPs, adequate financial and budgetary allocation should be made available before embarking on such venture so as to sustain the scheme in the country. The study is one of the recent researches conducted on housing, since the procurement option is novel in the sector. The study is of immense value to PPP actors in providing necessary information required to formulate risk response methods in minimize the identified risk impact sector.

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Article

Open Access April 27, 2023

Adolescent Students’ Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Eastern Region Schools for the Deaf, Ghana

Frank Wisdom Kwasi Kloh, Emmanuel Djan, Felix Kudzo Mawuena, Frank Acheampong

Universal Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 2023, 3(1), 11-22. DOI: 10.31586/ujssh.2023.679

Abstract This study investigated adolescent students‟ knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in eastern region schools for the deaf in Ghana. A descriptive survey design was used for the study. The researchers used HIV- The knowledge Questionnaire to assess the knowledge of respondents on STIs. Stratified sampling and simple random sampling techniques were employed. Proportional representation [...] Read more.

This study investigated adolescent students‟ knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in eastern region schools for the deaf in Ghana. A descriptive survey design was used for the study. The researchers used HIV- The knowledge Questionnaire to assess the knowledge of respondents on STIs. Stratified sampling and simple random sampling techniques were employed. Proportional representation was used to select a sample of ninety-five (95) adolescent students with deafness from JHS2 and JHS3 between the ages of 13 and 24 years. Data were analyzed descriptively into frequencies and percentages. The results of the study indicated that the students knew of some of the types of STIs such as Gonorrhea, Syphilis, and HIV/AIDS. They, however, had inadequate knowledge of STIs such as Hepatitis B and Chlamydia.

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Article

Open Access April 11, 2023

Comparisons of COVID-19-infected healthcare staff between the BA.1.2-dominant period and the BA.5-dominant period

Fumitaka Kamoshita, Masafumi Seki, Makoto Ono, Chie Kubosawa, Satoko Kawaguchi, Haruka Karaushi, Noriyuki Watanabe, and Kotaro Mitsutake

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(1), 60-63. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.668

Abstract The initial omicron SARS-CoV-2 subvariants, BA.1 and BA.2 (BA.1.2), were progressively displaced by BA.5in Japan in 2022. In the BA.5-dominant period, there were significantly more healthcare staff infected by nosocomial contact with persons with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection than those infected by household contact, compared with the BA.1.2-dominant period. The staff infected via nosocomial [...] Read more.

The initial omicron SARS-CoV-2 subvariants, BA.1 and BA.2 (BA.1.2), were progressively displaced by BA.5in Japan in 2022. In the BA.5-dominant period, there were significantly more healthcare staff infected by nosocomial contact with persons with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection than those infected by household contact, compared with the BA.1.2-dominant period. The staff infected via nosocomial contact included non-patient-facing staff, in the BA.5-dominant period, although they did not become infected by SARS-CoV-2 through nosocomial contact in the BA.1.2-dominant period. These data suggest the importance of infection control and care for non-patient-facing staff, in the same way as for patient-facing staff.

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Commentary

Open Access April 11, 2023

Healthcare Management Challenges and Opportunities during COVID Pandemic

Mahmoud Abdel Hameed Shahin, Hanadi Husni Alabed

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(1), 53-59. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.666

Abstract This review aimed to analyze some problems and challenges that emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic since it has affected all global business sectors. During the pandemic, remote work was increased in response to social distance requirements to decrease the transmission of disease. In addition, increased delegation, teamwork, supply chains, sales activities, and business operations have all been [...] Read more.

This review aimed to analyze some problems and challenges that emerged from the COVID-19 pandemic since it has affected all global business sectors. During the pandemic, remote work was increased in response to social distance requirements to decrease the transmission of disease. In addition, increased delegation, teamwork, supply chains, sales activities, and business operations have all been disrupted. Many challenges have emerged in the management of organizations due to the pandemic including the lack of direct contact as the lockdown made many people work from home and placed restrictions on movement and travel and uncertainty about the future. The healthcare system was also affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and faced several difficulties including increased demand for medical supplies and personal protective equipment, a greater need for nurses and other skilled healthcare professionals, and increased pressure on healthcare facilities, emergency services, and critical care departments. These challenges have created some opportunities in the management systems of healthcare organizations and other sectors. It is recommended for leaders prepare and continuously work proactively to be ready for unexpected future crises. Risk management and planning for any unexpected situation are among the very important aspects of organizational management.

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Brief Review

Open Access March 30, 2023

Pulsatile Blood Flow Simulation for Subject-Specific Geometry of a Human Aortic Arch

Zeba Shariff, M. Sivapragasam, Vinay M. D. Prabhu, R. Hariharan

International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering, Biological and Applied Computing 2023, 3(1), 1-19. DOI: 10.31586/ijmebac.2023.606

Abstract Pulsatile blood flow in a subject-specific human aortic arch and its major branches is studied computationally for a peak Reynolds number of 1553 and a Womersley number of 22.74. The aortic geometry is constructed from the CT-scan images of a subject. The aorta has out-of-plane curvature and significant area variation along the flow direction. A physiologically representative pulsatile velocity [...] Read more.

Pulsatile blood flow in a subject-specific human aortic arch and its major branches is studied computationally for a peak Reynolds number of 1553 and a Womersley number of 22.74. The aortic geometry is constructed from the CT-scan images of a subject. The aorta has out-of-plane curvature and significant area variation along the flow direction. A physiologically representative pulsatile velocity waveform is applied as boundary condition at the inlet of the aorta. The primary velocity profiles are skewed towards the inner wall of the ascending aorta during the entire cardiac cycle. In the decelerating phase, reverse flow is noted along the inner wall and the magnitude of maximum velocity is about 50 % of the peak flow condition. Flow separation is observed in the inner wall of the ascending aorta during the decelerating and reverse flow phases of the cardiac cycle. In the accelerating phase, however, flow separation does not occur. The major observation of the present work is the existence of complex and asymmetrical vortical flow structures which are not observed either in simple curved pipes or in idealized aortic arch computational studies. The relative strength of the secondary flow with respect to the primary flow is quantified by means of Relative Secondary Kinetic Energy whose highest value is evaluated to be 1.202 occurring near the entrance of the right carotid artery during the maximum reverse flow condition. High values of wall shear stress is observed at distal of the left and right subclavian arteries, the bifurcation of brachiocephalic artery between right subclavian artery and right carotid artery, and proximal inner wall of descending aorta during the cardiac cycle. The wall shear stress at the bifurcations of the branches are low and oscillatory and generally correlates with the preferential sites for atherosclerosis. The flow structures on the aorta wall are explicitly highlighted by the limiting streamlines. The application of limiting streamlines to clearly elucidate the complex on-wall flow structures is one of the key contributions of the present study. During the decelerating and reverse flow phases several critical points are observed on the aortic wall. These complex flow structures vanish during the accelerating phase. The observations made in the present study will be helpful in creating accurate and clinically useful computational models.

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Abstract Along with the increasing quality of human life, people pay more attention to healthcare. Public health and one's health have become daily issues. As a branch of communication, more and more scholars pay attention to health communication studies. Supported by the Healthy China Initiative, health communication study has ushered in a new development opportunity. This paper elaborates on the specific [...] Read more.

Along with the increasing quality of human life, people pay more attention to healthcare. Public health and one's health have become daily issues. As a branch of communication, more and more scholars pay attention to health communication studies. Supported by the Healthy China Initiative, health communication study has ushered in a new development opportunity. This paper elaborates on the specific practices of health communication in a provincial hospital from three dimensions: (1) how to empower communication with the Healthy China Initiative; (2) the effects of health communication; (3) health communication strategy analysis.

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