Background: The hippocampus plays a critical role in memory and decision-making processes, with its resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) linked to various behavioral outcomes. This study investigates whether baseline brain-wide rsFC of the hippocampus mediates the relationship between impulsivity and subsequent substance use, specifically tobacco and marijuana use, in adolescents. Methods: Data were drawn from the baseline wave of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Resting-state fMRI data were used to evaluate the functional connectivity of the hippocampus with key brain networks, including the cingulo-parietal network, visual network, sensory-motor network, and default mode network (DMN). Impulsivity was assessed using validated self-report measures, and substance use (tobacco and marijuana) was evaluated at follow-up. Mediation models were conducted to examine the extent to which hippocampal rsFC explains the association between impulsivity and substance use. Results: Baseline hippocampal rsFC with the cingulo-parietal network, visual network, sensory-motor network, and DMN showed marginal associations with future tobacco and marijuana use. Additionally, hippocampal rsFC was significantly associated with impulsivity, which, in turn, predicted higher substance use at follow-up. These findings suggest that hippocampal rsFC partially mediates the relationship between impulsivity and substance use behaviors. Conclusions: Hippocampal functional connectivity with brain networks may influence the pathway from impulsivity to future substance use in adolescence. These findings emphasize the importance of hippocampal connectivity in understanding the neural mechanisms underlying risk behaviors and may inform the development of targeted interventions to reduce substance use in this vulnerable population.

Marcus Gunn syndrome or unilateral trigemino-oculomotor syncinesis is a very rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterised by a combination of congenital ptosis and mandibulopalpebral syncinesis during certain mandibular movements. We report a series of two cases of children with Marcus Gunn syndrome. Case 1: A 5-year-old boy with no previous pathological findings presented with unilateral ptosis of the left upper eyelid at the age of 4 months. His visual acuity was 10/10 in right eye on the right and 5/10 in left eye. Second case: a 7-year-old girl, brought in by her parents for a ptosis of the left eye noted at birth. This is a 7-year-old girl brought in by her parents for ptosis of the left eye, diagnosed at birth. She had no particular pathological antecedents. Her visual acuity was 10/10 in right occlusion and 3/10 in left occlusion. Both children had undergone sectioning of the superior levator muscle with frontal suspension using prolene sutures, with good progression, followed by total optical correction and treatment of the amblyopia.

This study investigated the use of digital design as a tool for assessing attitudes among male sex offenders by exploring how artistic expression can reveal complex emotional landscapes related to their crimes. The study utilized digital paintings, a type of digital design that involves creating artwork using digital tools and software. Digital painting tools allowed the researcher to simulate traditional painting techniques, while benefiting from the flexibility and versatility of digital media. It is essential to comprehend and address offenders’ attitudes towards sexual crimes to create prevention and rehabilitation plans that work. The effectiveness of digital paintings that illustrate the consequences of sexual crimes on offender, victim and the offender’s family was examined in this study. The study examined whether exposure to these visual representations could result in a quantifiable decrease in supporting attitudes toward sexual crimes by comparing participants' pre-test and post-test attitudes using the Crime Pics II tool. There is little research on how visual cues can change offenders' attitudes and perceptions, despite the urgent need for creative evaluation techniques in this delicate field. This study adds to the continuing conversation on crime prevention and offender rehabilitation by demonstrating how well digital design can change perceptions of sexual crimes. A total of 61 male convicts of defilement and rape were purposively sampled for the study. The study utilized an art exhibition and Rapid Serial Visual Presentation format to repeatedly display digital paintings to participants aged 18-45. The artwork produced in both monochrome and polychrome schemes and in realist and surrealist styles was designed to elicit immediate emotional and cognitive responses. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the participants' responses and reflections provided important insights into their attitudes, including sentiments of regret and guilt as well as a sophisticated awareness of the wider effects of their behaviour. Monochrome paintings tended to portray darker emotions, whereas polychrome paintings showed a wider range of emotions, including hope and recognition of the harm done. The findings demonstrate that digital design can effectively support offenders' emotional processing and self-reflection, demonstrating its potential as a helpful tool in rehabilitative and assessment contexts.

This article assesses the realities of sexual harassment (SH) in selected tertiary educational institutions in Ghana. Using multiple data collection techniques, three areas that are related to SH were assessed. These are knowledge of what constitutes SH, the nature and incidence of SH, and strategies/procedures for handling issues of SH in tertiary educational institutions. The findings from the perspective of teaching and non-teaching staff strongly suggest that knowledge of SH was high among teaching staff but low among non-teaching staff. Staff could not relate very well to the reporting systems and procedures of SH in their institutions. Issues of SH were left in the hands of only a few staff while newly recruited staff showed little understanding of the reporting systems and procedures. From the perspective of students, knowledge of what constitutes SH was high. Students were able to indicate the various SH reporting systems/procedures in the tertiary educational institutions and further indicated that the institutions have provided a safe environment and appointed designated people to handle sexual harassment complaints. Surprisingly, the incidence of sexual harassment was low, and this affected sexual harassment reporting.

This study explores the integration of Adinkra symbols into the set design of Ghana’s Most Beautiful (GMB), a popular beauty pageant and reality TV show that has aired on TV3; a private television station in Ghana. GMB showcases beauty, intelligence, cultural knowledge, and traditional values, celebrating Ghana's rich cultural heritage through female contestants representing the country's diverse ethnic groups. In response to the lack of coherent Ghanaian artistic elements in previous set designs, this study employed an artistic methodology to incorporate four Adinkra symbols, Okɔdeɛ Mmɔwerɛ, Duafe, Dweninimmɛn, and Mate Masie, into the set design for the show’s eighth season. These symbols, signifying beauty, strength, wisdom, and unity respectively, were creatively integrated into a crown-like set design for the grand finale, harmonizing aesthetic trends with cultural significance. The design process was informed by rigorous research and stakeholder interviews, ensuring that the selected symbols conveyed the intended cultural messages. The results highlight the potential of traditional symbols to enhance both the cultural relevance and visual appeal of television productions. The project enriches the cultural depth of GMB production and offers a blueprint for incorporating indigenous symbols into contemporary set design. The study recommends that future productions continue exploring traditional symbols to deepen the appreciation of Ghanaian heritage and strengthen cultural identity through visual arts.

Scrub typhus is a common disease caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi in the tropical/ temperate zone. It usually shows the skin lesions, including eschar, but erythema multiforme is rare.

The world of the stock market is an intricately complex financial ecosystem that demands years of dedicated study to comprehend fully. It relies on risk mitigation practices and fundamental theoretical techniques to engage in speculation regarding stock and cryptocurrency fluctuations. However, this realm is progressively becoming more inclusive, with accessibility expanding beyond traditional educational barriers. Technological advancements, coupled with the ease of entry into this domain and the information-disseminating power of social networks, contribute to a rising number of individuals participating in this financial movement. What makes this evolution disruptive is that the same tools facilitating accessibility also exert influence on the way market trends unfold. This paper delves into the escalating impact of social media within the financial sphere, emphasizing the heightened accessibility to information and market involvement facilitated by platforms like Twitter and Reddit. It sheds light on how social media plays a pivotal role in market manipulation, as evidenced by phenomena such as the r/wallstreetbets subreddit, where meme-based strategies were employed to inflate the prices of stocks like GameStop. The study explores the utilization of social media by influential figures, exemplified by Elon Musk, who leverage their platforms to sway market movements. Additionally, this paper addresses instances of misinformation, such as the confusion surrounding Virgin Galactic's shares following a SpaceX failure and the introduction of "AGUA" in the Mexican stock market, leading to widespread misunderstandings. The paper extends its examination to the effects of social media on cryptocurrencies, highlighting how comments from public figures can significantly impact the prices of Bitcoin and Dogecoin. Overall, it underscores the imperative need for adaptation to these changes in the digital financial paradigm.

The role of enterprise applications in pharmaceutical industries is driving the digital transformation of various critical processes, and one process benefiting from this innovation is pharmaceutical drug traceability. This industry grapples with challenges like a lack of transparency, difficulties in tracking products, a deficit of trust, and issues related to shipping expired products. To address these concerns, blockchain technology as an enterprise application has been harnessed as a solution. Notably, counterfeit drug prevention emerged as the most prevalent category, aligning with the pharmaceutical industry's primary objective. Blockchain technology is an emerging innovation that is finding enterprise applications in various industries, including healthcare. In the healthcare sector, Blockchain networks are being utilized to securely store and exchange patient data across hospitals, diagnostic laboratories, pharmacies, and medical practitioners. These enterprise applications can effectively identify and mitigate critical errors, including potentially hazardous ones within the realm of healthcare. Consequently, this enterprise technology holds the promise of enhancing the efficiency, security, and transparency of medical data sharing within the healthcare system. Moreover, it offers valuable tools for medical institutions to gain insights and improve the analysis of medical records. It visually represents the diverse capabilities, enablers, and the unified workflow process of Blockchain technology in supporting healthcare on a global scale. Additionally, the paper presents a thorough discussion of fourteen significant applications of Blockchain in healthcare, underscoring its pivotal role in addressing issues like deception in clinical trials.

The objective of this research was to investigate work-family conflict among management staff of hotels in the Accra Metropolis of Ghana. The study employs the pragmatism approach and Convergent parallel mixed methods research technique. The population of the study is all-star-rated management staff of star-rated hotels in the Accra metropolis. Stratified, random and convenient sampling techniques were used to select 182 out of 356 respondents. One hundred (100) were sampled using a formula and a table determination of sample size based on the confidence level needed from a given population as provided by Krejcie and Morgan in 1970 for the study. Ten managers were conveniently interviewed on the issues of work-family conflict. The main instruments for data collection were a questionnaire and a semi-structured interview guide. This study adopted factor analysis and a structural equation model to examine factors that influence work-family conflict. This statistical technique was used in the research to investigate the factorability of the variables of work-related and family-related factors separately and a structural equation model was used to combine both factors to better understand the relationship. Linear regression was used to determine the relationship between work-family conflict. Pearson product-moment Correlation and structural equation model were used to determine the consequences of work-family conflict. It can be concluded that both work-related such as work overload, job type and involvement as well as family-related factors such as life cycle stage, and childcare arrangement predict work-family conflict among managers of hotels in the Accra metropolis. It is also deducted WFC affect managers’ performance on the job, exhaust them emotionally and also influences their intentions to leave the job for another. Managers usually feel fatigued to prepare for work and physically drained after work. They also feel depressed and emotionally drained sometimes. It is recommended that top management of hotels should allocate a budget to build an organisational culture that encourages work-family balance. Frontline managers should be trained to be aware of the benefit of providing support in the work environment that will help staff balance work and family. It is also recommended that hotel jobs be redesigned by the human resource unit to reduce workload and make it more interesting for managers so they may not feel overworked. Overworking of managers will enhance their intentions to quit the job and this will be costly for hotels.

This study was conducted to assess the effect of visual aids in teaching science lessons in the Junior High Schools (JHS) in Ghana. The quantitative research method was chosen for this study. A Purposive sampling technique was used to select 245 JHS 2 students and seven (7) science teachers (1 from each selected school) from seven (7) selected JHS in Enchi Municipal under Aowin District in the Western North Region of Ghana. The main instrument for data collection for this study was a questionnaire and a test. The data analysis was done using the SPSS statistical package, where a questionnaire was analysed to determine the frequency and percentages of responses from selected science teachers and test analysis was done using a Pair Sample t-test to determine any significant differences between pre-test and post-test of the respondents. This study found that the use of visual aids in teaching science encouraged learners to develop interest and participate actively in the lessons which resulted in improved student performances and developed interest during the lesson. The study recommended that Ghana Education Service (GES) and headmasters at the JHS should endeavour to provide enough visual aids for their schools to enable the teaching and learning of science better and to be learner-centred, practical learning and for learners to develop interest and positive attitude towards learning science to improve performances and appreciate the need to learn science to the highest level for self-development and the development of the country.

The study sought to analyze the communicative functions of metaphors in Selected political speeches of Mr. John Dramani Mahama. Critical Metaphor Analysis (CMA) developed by Jonathan Charteris-Black as an approach solely for the analysis of metaphors in political discourse was adopted as a theoretical framework for the study. The study is rooted in a qualitative research approach and grounded in textual analysis as the design. The sampling method adopted in the study was purposive, and the analysis was done in line with the research question posed. The study has shown that language plays a crucial role in human existence as a means of communicating world events. The study has also revealed that in Critical Discourse Analysis, metaphor is conceived as speech actions which build together to create coherent social interactions. This study has indicated that metaphor is a cognitive phenomenon other than a purely lexical one. The study concludes that metaphor is a deep-seated conceptual phenomenon that shapes the way we think (and not just the way we speak). Working inductively from the bottom up with a metaphor, CDA has been able to reveal a rich body of facts about discourse and demonstrate that CDA follows an elaborate, but systematic, set of rules or architecture. It is recommended that future studies could explore the possibility of quantifying the frequency of the occurrence of metaphors and known end results to find out whether there is a correlation between the number of metaphors and persuasion. It is also recommended that research could also be carried out into Ghanaian politics as a discourse community with a view to unearthing language basically associated with that vocation. A study could also be conducted into the use of other rhetorical/oratorical devices, e.g. the politicians’ use of analogy in their speeches.

Assessment is a vital aspect of curriculum practice. The study adopted explanatory mixed-method approach and sequential research design. The population for the study comprised all Social Studies teachers in Junior High Schools in the Ayensuano District. Convenient sampling techniques and census method were used to select the district, and all the one hundred and twenty-seven (127) teachers who teach Social Studies in the junior high schools in the district. The main instruments used for data collection and analysis were questionnaire and interview guide. The quantitative data was analysed both descriptive and inferential statistical tools. The qualitative data was transliterated and coded based on themes. Pre-set themes were used to generate the transcript (text) data based upon the research questions and discussed. The study concluded that authentic assessment practices by Social Studies teachers included the occasional guidance they give to their students about how to interpret topics and situations into relevant tasks with a clearly defined goal, and how to relate their knowledge in practical challenges. The study also revealed that refined essays, oral presentations, interviews, case study discussions, and live performances as authentic assessment strategies or tools Social Studies teachers used in assessing their students' learning outcomes in lessons. The study indicated that large class size, traditional assessment (examination) system, insufficient logistics and infrastructure, a paucity of funds to begin various activities and programs, a lack of motivation from school administrators, time constraints and difficulty in developing some authentic assessment tasks coupled with assessing some lessons using authentic assessment method are some of the criteria that influence the effectiveness of authentic assessment execution in teaching Social Studies courses. It is recommended that educational leaders should provide the resources to motivate Social Studies teachers to use authentic assessments for students’ learning in the classroom situation. It is also recommended that, Colleges of Education, Universities and National Teaching Council should organise professional development workshops and seminars to build the capacity of trained Social Studies teachers on the effective uses of authentic assessment practices.

Effective Inclusive education experiences can be built through structured interventions. The purpose of the study was to assess the impact of inclusive education experiences on teacher-trainees with sensory impairment in the Ghana Colleges of Educations of Ghana. The study was based on pragmatist philosophy. The study adopted convergent parallel mixed-methods approach. The population involved all 66 students with sensory (visual and hearing) impaired in the three (3) CoEs (PCE, Akropong Akwapim, WESCO, Kumasi and NJA, Wa) that practice inclusive education (IE) during the 2018/19 academic year. Purposive and census sampling techniques were used to select the three (3) colleges of education and sixty-six students for the study. The main instruments for data collection were questionnaire and focus group discussion. The quantitative data items were coded for input into the Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 23 software and analysed using means and standard deviations. The qualitative extracts collected into themes that were coded, analysed and interpreted. The study revealed that teacher-trainees had varied experiences on campus, while they felt welcomed into the inclusive institution; they also felt the Colleges were not well prepared to meet their needs. The physical environment was not conducive for the VI on campus. It is recommended that, College authorities should work with the MoE and agencies concerned with disability issues in the society to provide comfortable environment on College campuses for TTSI. It is also recommended that, providing a comfortable environment should include facilities and resources needed for the TTSI to learn effectively. It also involves physical arrangement of the campus environment. The TTSI, regardless of their disabilities, should be provided with an environment where their movement, their studies, their interactions with their peers and tutors are made easier to help them graduate successfully.

This article seeks to relate the narrative strategies used by video channels on YouTube with the advertising of toys and electronic games intended for the Alpha generation. Based on the principle that we live in a society composed of different age groups, the main theoretical references that make it possible to understand generation as a local and global phenomenon will be exposed. After such concepts, the rise of the image and its importance for the new generations will be approached, to support the selection of the audiovisual platform YouTube and its growing fascination by the public. Finally, concepts from semiotics will be applied to verify the narrative and discursive power of video channels for contemporary children, also known as the Alpha generation.

The present article seeks to provoke a discussion into how video games can be used in anxiety treatments and social stimulation tools among middle-year students and children of that same age. To do so, we initially start this article by reflecting on how the covid-19 pandemic disparate all anxiety alerts in our society including mental health issues such as depression and special anxiety disorders. Then we compare how the numbers of anxiety among children and young adults were already alarming before the lockdowns imposition and the social distance measures, especially in urban centers. This rising anxiety condition can be felt especially in the years that followed the social isolation of children especially because their social connection and recognition were just starting to grow and to establish important connections between their peers in-person and in virtual environments, throwing light on how to screen media and children`s homes are related with the anxiety increase and how we can investigate that phenomenon without succumbing to excessive positivism to today`s technology or to a deconstructive pessimism that leads us to distrust those media that are already in contact with middle-year students and children`s in that same age. To do so, we will resort to philosophical tools such as Edusemiotics and Cultural Studies to understand how games such as Minecraft and Roblox can be used in school environments to help students and teachers manage anxiety levels and surpass socialization issues past covid-19 lockdowns. To finish our reflection we also bring some data related to how those same media and games helped middle-year students to surpass social isolation and family disconnection during the pandemic while their kept exercising school content in those games, sharing and debating with their peers on virtual platforms.

Background: In December 2019, a cluster of patients with unexplained viral pneumonia was identified in Wuhan, China. Since March 11^th 2020 the WHO declared COVID 19 as a pandemic with rising number of cases all over the world. Aim of the work: The aim of the study was to measure the percentages of possible, probable and provisionally excluded cases among the first 500 attendants of the triage of Ain Shams University Hospital and describe their epidemiological and clinical characteristics. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive case series study including the first 500 patients attending the triage of Ain Shams University Hospitals from March 29th to May 31st. A constructed questionnaire in the form of a scoring system was used and data was collected through interviewing the patients after appropriate consent. Results: As regard the scoring system, 72.2% of patients had new onset of cough or old worsened cough in the previous 3 days, 59.2% had sore throat and 59% had dyspnea. Out of the 500 cases 33.2% were probable, 38.2% were possible and 28.2% were provisionally excluded. Conclusion: COVID-19 pneumonia usually occurred at an age younger than 47 years and it was more predominant in the male gender. The most common initial clinical presentations were new dry cough or chronic cough with worsening over the last 3 days, sore throat and/or runny nose and fever. Thirty-eight percent were classified as possible COVID-19 cases, and 33% were classified as probable.

This paper investigated the role of informal diglossia on the learning of languages in Seventh Day Adventist (S. D. A) College of Education in the Eastern Region of Ghana. Mixed research approach was adopted for the study. Population of the study comprised one hundred level 300 students in S. D. A. College of Education in Asokore-Koforidua. Purposive, convenient and simple random techniques were to select the college, level 300 students for the study. The main instruments used for data collection for study were questionnaire and interview. Data were analyzed in line with Speech Accommodation Theory, where convergence and divergence were identified. The findings of the study revealed that the S. D. A. College of Education has a multilingual speech community where languages are in contact; students select their language of communication, depending upon their speech partners based on High or Low variety. Predominantly, students code-switch between languages specifically Twi and English language. In the midst of the multilingual environment, students developed the speaking of some Ghanaian languages they could not speak before coming to the college. The study also concluded that there was adult language acquisition in colleges; besides, in a formal academic setting where students were expected to communicate in the formal language, they rather gave were much higher attention to Ghanaian languages.

This paper examined the language of persuasion and negotiation in the Ghanaian market context using a local community market (Agartha Market) in Koforidua as a case study. It investigates how the language of persuasion and negotiation is couched in the context of the market by both traders and customers. The theoretical framework within which this study is hinged is the stylistic theory of Leech and Short [1]. Specifically, the grammatical and figure-of-speech prong of the theory have been used. While observation and audio recordings were used to collect the data, the content descriptive method was used in the description and analysis of the data. The findings revealed that, relative to sentence complexity, persuasion and negotiation made adequate use of compound sentences than simple sentence structures. While simple sentence structures are used by traders to attract customers’ attention and arouse their psychological interest and curiosity, customers used them in negotiations for mainly interrogative and position-shift purposes. Compound and complex structures were used by traders for elaborative purposes in order to espouse the good qualities that are inherent in their products in order to convince their customers to buy their wares. Figuratively, repetition, hyperbole, and suspense are the key tropes used. These tropes are dominant in persuasion than in negotiation. Again, while the language of persuasion is monologue that of negotiation is dialogue. Code-mixing is also common characteristic in the language of negotiation and persuasion. The dominant local language (Twi) and the official language (English) are usually used in the communication process. This research thus has implication for research and pedagogy as it extends the literature and can also influence the restructuring of educational polices especially those related to language since society and school (education) are intricately related.

Hyphaema is the presence of blood in the anterior chamber (AC) of the eye and is commonly caused by a blunt ocular trauma. In this case report, we discuss a case of a 29-years-old African man presented to the emergency department with severe right ocular pain and blurry vision following a blunt injury. This is a teaching case report aimed to discuss the management options, potential complications and visual prognosis of this particular case.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) with ocular involvement is an emergency condition, and treatment with glucocorticoids should be provided immediately upon clinical suspicion of GCA to prevent potential blindness. In this case report, we discuss a case of a 70-years-old Caucasian male presented to the emergency department with one day sudden onset of double vision. This is a teaching case report aimed to discuss the management options, potential complications and visual prognosis of this particular case.

An arrhythmia, or abnormal heart rhythm, usually means that the heart is beating too fast, too slowly, or irregularly. Few people do not feel discomfort when they notice that their heart is beating faster or irregularly or if they feel their heart pounding in their throat. Arrhythmia is an abnormal heart rhythm. The heart is controlled by a conduction system that transmits electrical impulses. This causes the heart to beat. This system works automatically, so outside of human will. The heart generally works rhythmically throughout life.

The purpose of the study was to examine technological pedagogical content knowledge of teachers and their formative assessment practices in Social Studies lessons in the Junior High Schools in the Komenda Edina Eguafo Abirem (K.E.E.A) Municipality of Ghana. With a mixed method approach, the study adopted a descriptive survey research design. The population for the study included all Social Studies teachers at the public junior high schools in the in the Komenda Edina Eguafo Abirem Municipality. Purposive sampling technique was used to select all the seventy-four (74) public Junior High Schools and the Social Studies teachers for the study. The purposive sampling technique was used to sample the respondents because they constitute expert knowledge in the subject area and having the same characteristics. The two main instruments used to gather data for the study were questionnaire and observation. Data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study indicated that the assessment practices of teachers during Social Studies lessons were on the average. There was disparity between theory and practice as far as the dictates of the profile dimensions are concerned. Teachers mostly assess the cognitive aspect of the child with little attention to the affective domain. The study also concluded that there was a significant positive relationship between TPACK of teachers and their formative assessment practices at 0.05 level of significance. It is recommended that Ministry of Education, National Teaching Council, Ghana Education Service should organize professional development workshop for teachers on their formative classroom assessment practices in Social Studies lessons. It is also recommended that, in order to ensure effective formative assessment practices, Ghana Education Service should collaborate with Colleges of Education and Universities training teachers to develop appropriate TPACK for teachers to improve on their formative assessment practices in the classroom.

We reviewed the influence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on the central nervous system reported in the literature since its prevalence. Common neurological symptoms of COVID-19 include altered or impaired consciousness, headache, dizziness, cerebrovascular accidents, and seizures, etc. Encephalopathy caused by or related to COVID-19 includes stroke, acute encephalitis, and Guillain-Barre syndrome. Concomitant COVID-19 in patients with vascular risk factors increased the risk of stroke; the hypercoagulable state and vascular dysfunction caused by COVID-19 also led to stroke. Acute encephalitis was usually accompanied by a history of headache, fever, and altered mental status, and shown hemorrhagic lesions or high signal on MRI. In Guillain-Barre syndrome, there was a time lag between infection with the primary pathogen and the onset of neurological symptoms, which generally manifest as limb paralysis and various sensory abnormalities. The review illustrated that COVID-19 lead to serious consequences of brain and brought difficulties to the treatment. Exploring the neural mechanisms of COVID-19 to better understand the activity of the virus in the brain and to prevent further viral damage to the brain is an urgent issue.

In Cuba, the great diversity and high endemism of the plant formations on serpentine stand out. Cuabales (scrub xeromorphic thorny on serpentine) present important natural values for the sustainability of Cuban biodiversity, but with a high degree of vulnerability. Although there are currently several investigations into the flora and vegetation of these ecosystems, there is a scientific vacuum on the conservation of these plant formations, from the social point of view. In the Callejón de Los Patos of Santa Clara, there is a cuabal, although it presents a high level of deterioration, due to anthropic activity. This research focused on assessing environmental management for the sustainability of the cuabal of Callejón de Los Patos of Santa Clara. The methodological perspective that predominated in the research process was qualitative and quantitative analysis of the data was incorporated to better visualize the trend in the analysis of the results. The investigative methods used were: observation, document analysis, in-depth and structured interviews. The diagnosed results showed insufficient knowledge, in the inhabitants of Callejón de Los Patos, related to the cuabal, its sustainability, and its importance. The absence of collective projection of actions to mitigate environmental problems identified in the settlement, that affect the deterioration of said plant formation was detected; results demonstrate poor environmental management for the sustainability of cuabal.

Digital therapeutics (DTx) is an evidence-based treatment that makes use of high-quality software. As many healthcare systems confront increasing expectations for quality results, the need for digital medications is steadily growing in the clinical arena. To ensure that patients are supported during chemotherapy and that needless hospital visits are avoided, digital therapeutics must be integrated into the cancer care pathway. Oncology patients are usually immunocompromised die to their disease and treatment, rendering them more susceptible to infection than the general population. As a result, visiting to a hospital might endanger their health. In addition, when cancer patients and survivors return home after treatment, digital health interventions provide them with the tools they need to manage their illness and its side effects in the privacy of their own homes. Considering the increasing prevalence of cancer patients and the solution that digital therapeutics has to offer in oncology, its future looks promising. This review article aims to summarize the existing companies in this domain, while evaluating the prospects as well.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge and pupils’ academic performance in Religious and Moral Education (RME) in basic schools in the Ga-South Municipality of Ghana. Correlational research design was used for the study. The population of the study comprised RME teachers and final year pupils in the basic schools in the Ga-South Municipality. Krejcie and Morgan table, cluster sampling technique multi-stage sampling technique, proportional allocation of sample size, and purposive sampling were used to select, 532 respondents (159 basic schools 357 pupils and 175 RME teachers) for the study. The main instruments for data collection were questionnaire, observation guide, standardised-achievement-test. The Pearson’s Correlational Coefficient was used to describe the linear relationship between each of the variables in the data analysis. The study concluded that it was uncertain as to whether teachers possessed adequate knowledge about the use of technology or instructional resources when it comes to the teaching of RME. The study also indicated teachers did not make effective use of the technology or instructional resources as observed, probably because they do not recognize the important role the use of technology plays in the teaching and learning process, they did not know how to use some of these technologies. Besides, some of these technologies were not available for use in the schools. Although, there was a weak positive correlation between teachers’ technological knowledge and pupils’ academic performance, the important role that technology plays in the teaching and learning process cannot be ruled out. It is therefore recommended that, the Ministry of Education, Ghana Education Service and Curriculum Research and Development Division should organise in-service training for teachers, since it turned out during the observation sections that teachers did not make use of audio-visuals (TV and motion pictures) and audio materials (example radio and tape recorders) in the Ga South Municipality.

The main purpose of this study was to examine Social Studies teachers’ competence in teaching and assessing learning outcomes in affective domain in senior high schools in the Aowin Municipality in Western North Region in Ghana. A quantitative approach was used in this study as it allowed the researchers to carry out an objective analysis and generate factual knowledge through measurement. The survey design was used for the study. The study population constituted Social Studies teachers in the 40 Junior High Schools in the Aowin Municipality of the Western North Region of Ghana. Simple random and convenient sampling techniques were used to select the schools and respondents for the study. The simple random sampling was used to select 20 schools to participate in the study. This was to provide an equal opportunity for each school to participate in the study. From these selected schools, a convenience sampling technique was used in selecting forty (40) teachers (two from each school in the Aowin Municipality where Social Studies is offered as a core subject. The main instrument used for the study was structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics in the form of percentages was used to analysis the data in this study. The study concluded that Social Studies teachers hardly teach and assess directly in the affective outcome, hence the affective domain is neglected in the teaching and learning of the subject. It is recommended that the universities and other training institutions should strengthen the teaching on the use of the techniques for assessing the affective domain. In-service training courses should also be organised regularly for social studies teachers on the use of the techniques for the assessment of affective domain.

This study aims to consider how science fiction television series Doctor Who (Sydney Newman, 1963-1989, 2005) has undergone changes in representations of ethnicity since 2005. The Doctor, who is a representation of immigrants from the very beginning, was embodied in white, heterosexual men until the 11th season. Last season is the first season since 1963 when a woman is the Doctor. In addition, this season, the Doctor's three companions are Ryan who is a black man, Yaz who is a Pakistani-British woman and Graham who is a middle-aged white man mourning his wife Grace who was black. In this study, it is aimed to analyze the features that make this season different from the others in terms of representations of ethnicity by using visual data analysis techniques and Smith's national identity theory. In this study, it has been proposed that the previous episodes of the Doctor Who television series were problematic in case of representations of ethnicity, and the ongoing representations of ethnicity are changing under the leadership of the female Doctor and his ethnically diverse companions during the era of Chris Chibnall and the episodes are examined using this framework.

In a guideline for the pharmacological treatment, the priority is usually based on the strength of the evidence of efficacy. This is academically correct, but not clinically appropriate. Adverse effects are as important as efficacy in clinical practice. There are guidelines for the pharmacological treatment that take adverse effects into account. However, most adverse effects considered are those obtained in double-blind studies of pharmacological treatment performed to prove efficacy. In the treatment guidelines of various diseases, too little effort is spent on pharmacological adverse effects compared to the effort spent on pharmacological efficacy. I would like to make recommendations in the guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of all diseases. The guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of various diseases should be developed with increased efforts to investigate adverse effects. Some guidelines for the pharmacological treatment use systematic reviews and meta-analyses to examine the efficacy of medicine, and similar methods should be used to examine the adverse effects of medicine. It is easy to prioritize medicines based on evidence of efficacy. However, it is not appropriate to prioritize medicines in clinical practice based solely on evidence of efficacy. Adverse effects should also be considered in priority ranking of medicine in clinical practice. In addition to efficacy and adverse effects, price and the degree of off-label prescribing also affect the priority ranking of medicine in clinical practice.

Kaybarkuh (Mount Kaybar) consists of intrusive igneous bodies with two age periods, located in North of Dasht-e-Bayaz left-lateral fault terminal. The spatial and structural analysis of fractures and dike networks may allow for the accurate identification of mineralization zones in the area. This study aims to characterize lineament network in the study area by automatic method using multispectral satellite images from Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI), visual extraction of lineaments from Landsat-8 and SENTINEL-2 images, and extraction of drainage network as lineament based on digital elevation models (DEMs) and their validation, compared with fault network of the area. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the trend of studied lines in the region by the three methods mentioned and the overall trend is about N330⁰. This can indicate a tensile regime with a trend perpendicular to the mentioned orientation, which results from the activity of the Dasht-e-Bayaz fault. Finding more evidences requires further studies.

The deflection of the vertical is an important parameter that combines both physical (astronomic) and geometric (geodetic) quantities. It is critical in such areas as datum transformation, reduction of astronomic observation to the geodetic reference surface, geoid modelling and geophysical prospecting. Although the deflection of the vertical is a physical property of the gravitational field of the earth; which almost all terrestrial survey measurements, with the exception of spatial distances, made on the earth surface are with respect to the Earth’s gravity vector, because a spirit bubble is usually used to align survey instruments. It has been ignored in most geodetic computation and adjustment. This research work is therefore aimed at computing the component of the deflection of the vertical component for part of Rivers State using a geometric method. This method involves the integration of Global Positioning System (GPS) to obtain the geodetic coordinate of points, precisely levelling to obtain the orthometric height of this point located within the study area. By least square using MATLAB program, the estimated deflections of vertical component parameters for the test station SVG/GPS-002 were; -0.0473” and 0.0393” arc seconds for the north-south and east-west components respectively. The associated standard errors of the North-south and East-west components were ±0.0093” and ±0.0060” arc seconds, respectively. The deflection of the vertical was also computed independently from gravimetric models of the earth as: ξ = 0.0204” ±0.0008814”, η = -0.0345” ±0.0014”; ξ =0.0157” ±0.000755”, η = -0.0246” ±0.0012”; ξ = -0.0546±0.0006014, η = -0.0208±0.0006014 for EGM 2008, EGM 1996 and EGM 1984 respectively. The two-tailed hypothesis test reveals that the estimated deflection component is statistically correct at 95% confidence interval. It was observed that the effect of the deflection of the vertical is directly proportional to the distance of the geodetic baseline. Therefore, including the derived component of deflection of the vertical to the ellipsoidal model will yield high observational accuracy since an ellipsoidal model is not tenable due to its far observational error in the determination of high-quality job. It is important to include the determined deflection of the vertical component for Rivers State, Nigeria.

Stroke while driving is an uncommon occurrence, but which might have serious medical and legal implications. While still reported casually and with very few systematized studies, sources underscore mainly the neurological picture and risk factors that will lead herein. Car crashes follow as a rule the event of the stroke. We describe the case of a middle-aged patient that had an incomplete loss of the car control, with a crash of minor severity and with no external signs of trauma. In spite that the patient underwent successfully a thrombectomy intervention, he presented continuously with refractory hypotension. The clinical picture raised suspicions of an internal blood loss and whole body angiography detected the rupture of the mesenteric artery. This sequence of events (stroke while driving – crash – seatbelt injury – mesenteric rupture) is probably not reported before, but mechanistically an unlucky combination to be kept in mind while dealing with such cases.

Background: Cerebral palsy is not only a serious neurodevelopmental disease causing significant morbidity in children, but also a traumatic experience leading to psychosocial trauma to the parents/caregivers of the affected children. It is usually caused by prenatal or early post-natal insults to the newborn brain which may be associated with some congenital syndromes like congenital heart disease with transposition of the viscera but rarely a heterotaxy syndrome, a condition characterized with congenitally abnormal arrangement of the thoracic and abdominal viscera. Method: We present a case report of a 12-month-old boy with neurodevelopmental delay, recurrent episodes of non-mucoid and non-bloody diarhoea, occasional constipation, bilious vomiting, abdominal distension and fever with associated cough and difficulty in breathing. Results: We discuss an unusual presentation of cerebral palsy and heterotaxy syndrome diagnosed clinically with supporting evidence from both laboratory and radiological tests. Cerebral palsy was diagnosed from the history of birth asphyxia, delayed developmental milestone, limb spasticity and low values for all sub-scores of Bayley-III scale. Heterotaxy syndrome was diagnosed from the radiologic evidence of dextrocardia, left-sided stomach, centrally located liver and malrotation of gut with volvulus. We also provide a brief literature review of the incidence and prevalence, causes and risk factors, classification, clinical presentation and associated co-morbidities of heterotaxy syndrome. Conclusion: Diagnosis of heterotaxy syndrome in a child with background cerebral palsy is a great challenge to both physicians and radiologists. This is more so in developing countries due to poor availability of good diagnostic apparatus, therefore, a high index of suspicion is needed. A clear understanding of the clinical features, comprehensive history taking and thorough physical examination are important in making prompt diagnosis. Timely and appropriate imaging is necessary to prevent delays in diagnosis and treatment which lead to poor outcomes.

The aims of this investigation will be to describe the language style based on Spider-Martin Man's Joos: far from home films and to identify the dominant language styles of the movie "Spider-Man: far from home." The analyzes are based on Martin Joo's theory's five types of linguistic style: frozen, formal, consultative, casual, and intimate. Qualitative research design was used in the research. Content or document analysis was used by researchers. The information is gathered by watching the film and the conversation containing the communication language is detected. Then classify according to the language styles found in the film and find the main kinds of language. The results of this research are as follows in the Spider-Man section: Far From the Home." These five language-style types are Frozen made up of two data (6,7%), formal three (10%), consultants of six data (20%), casual eleven (36,7%) and intimacy consisting of eight data. The following are the types of language-styles (26,6 percent). The Casual style is the most dominant type than other types from the result of the percentage. In last place, the style is frozen.

This research discusses language style at the movie script of Papillon. This research aims to classify the type of language style and the functions of the speakers’ utterances in using language style at the movie script of Papillon. The data source of this research was YouTube “Papillon” which was aired on September, 26^th 2018. This study utilized theories of Martin Joos' types of language styles and Roman Jakobson's function. Data from the Papillon Movie Script. Researchers have implemented qualitative research designs to answer the research question. The researchers used documentation as a tool for research. The researchers found 30 language-style data sets as a result of their investigation. The scientists discovered many linguistic styles. The styles are as follows: 1 data point or 3%, 6 data points or 20%, were discovered in frozen style; 11 data points or 37%, casual style 6 to 20, and intimate style 6 to 20 were found in consultancies. The following five roles were revealed in the language style: expressive, guiding, referential, metalinguistic and phasic. There were 6 data or 20 percent of expressive function; the directive works 3 or 10 percent, the reference function found 8 or 27%, the metalinguistic function discovered 7 or 23% and the phatic function discovered 6 data or 20%. No poetic function is available in the film.

The first visualizations of the structures of the sheep's reproductive system, whether of the uterus or ovaries, were performed through exploratory laparotomies, laparoscopies or through materials obtained in slaughterhouse, being possible to evaluate only what was happening at that moment in the estrous cycle. With the emergence of ultrasound from the 90s, it became possible to dynamically monitor what happened at each moment of the estrous cycle at different times of the year, without having to slaughter the females. Because it is a non-invasive technique and the stress caused by its use is very low, it is increasingly necessary to use ultrasound in sheep, either for pregnancy diagnosis or for multiplying herds using biotechnologies, which the ultrasound examination becomes indispensable to obtain the best results. This review aims to describe the main advances in the study of the estrous cycle of sheep with the help of ultrasonography and its influence on the productive efficiency of the herd.

The recent evidence on AI in automotive safety shows the potential to reduce crashes and improve efficiency. Studies used AI techniques like machine learning and predictive analytics models to develop predictive collision avoidance systems. The studies collected data from various sources, such as traffic collision data and shapefiles. They utilized deep learning neural networks and 3D visualization techniques to analyze the data. However, there needs to be more research on AI in school bus and commercial truck safety. This paper explores the importance of AI-driven predictive failure analytics in enhancing automotive safety for these vehicles. It will discuss challenges, required data, technologies involved in predictive failure analytics, and the potential benefits and implications for the future. The conclusion will summarize the findings and emphasize the significance of AI in improving driver safety. Overall, this paper contributes to the field of automotive safety and aims to attract more research in this area.

The equipment used in the construction industry is usually associated with a high impact on the environment. Although sustainable design has shown to be a main player among the initiatives focused on reducing environmental impact, it has been driven by the workers and processes, leaving the equipment endeavors in more restrictive and later stages. The equipment industry has been a constant target of environmental standards and economic pressure, but the increasing technological development allows it to respond to sustainability and safety expectations while enhancing its performance. However, there are still several limitations that lead this sector to be one of the last to reach upgrading levels in terms of development. A study identified some gaps in the equipment design that require a greater effort to effectively support the workers and companies towards sustainable construction. This chapter is based on a study aiming to understand the consolidated knowledge of technologically sustainable equipment design and to identify the challenges left for its full development. The findings support the development of innovative eco-friendly equipment, taking into consideration sustainable materials and product guidelines, as well as green economy initiatives. It also supports complex system approaches and safety by design specificities to establish a corporate knowledge of sustainable equipment and align it with the new regulations of the construction industry. The chapter introduces the context of construction equipment in terms of new challenges when faced with the need to provide construction work with a greater capacity for safety, from an environmental and energy efficiency perspective, and within the paradigm of sustainability. Then, it presents the concept of sustainable equipment considering its principles, followed by a characterization of the agents involved in its life cycle.

Self-service business intelligence (BI) platforms have become essential applications for exploring, analyzing, and visualizing business data in various domains. Here, we envisage that the business intelligence platform will perform automatic and autonomous data analytics with minimal to no user interaction. We aim to offer a data-driven, intelligent, and scalable infrastructure that amplifies the advantages of BI systems and discovers hidden and complex insights from very large business datasets, which a business analyst can miss during manual exploratory data analysis. Towards our future vision of autonomous analytics, we propose a collective machine learning model repository with an integration layer for user-defined analytical goals within the BI platform. The proposed architecture can effectively reduce the cognitive load on users for repetitive tasks, democratizing data science expertise across data workers and facilitating a less experienced user community to develop and use advanced machine learning and statistical algorithms.

This charge-ahead paper suggests that transitioning the automotive industry towards a zero-carbon ecosystem from material to end-of-life can be accomplished through disruptive zero-carbon manufacturing in the broad area of all-electric vehicle production technology. To accomplish zero carbon emission automotive manufacturing in the vehicle assembly domain, future paradigms must converge on the decoupling of carbon dioxide emissions from automobile manufacturing and use the design, processing, and manufacturing conditions. The envisioned zero carbon emission vehicle manufacturing domain consists of two complementary components: (a) making more efficient use of energy and (b) reducing carbon in energy use. This paper presents the status of key scientific and technological advancements to bring the manufacturing model of today to a zero-carbon ecosystem for the entire automotive industry of tomorrow. This paper suggests the groundbreaking application of dynamic and distributed predictive scheduling algorithms and open sensing and visualization technology to meet the zero carbon emission vehicle manufacturing goals. Power-aware high-performance computing clusters have recently become a viable solution for sustainable production. Advances in scalable and self-adaptive monitoring, predictive analytics, timeline-based machine learning, and digital replica of cyber-physical systems are also seen co-evolving in the zero carbon manufacturing future. These methods are inspired by initiatives to decouple gross domestic product growth and energy-related carbon dioxide emissions. Stakeholders could co-design and implement shared roadmaps to transition the automotive manufacturing sector with relevant societal and environmental benefits. The automated mobility sector offers a program, an industry-leading example of transforming an automotive production facility to carbon neutrality status. The conclusions from this paper challenge automotive manufacturers to engage in industry offsetting and carbon tax programs to drive continuous improvement and circular vehicle flows via a multi-directional zero-carbon smart grid.

In today's fast-changing world, digital has become a way of life in every single field, and it is affecting all industries by providing multi-channel connectivity with people. In the banking industry, moving to the digital age allows for more improvements in customer-related operations and transaction-related operations within a day. These studies are from the perspective of customers. Customers prefer the flexibility of using digital financial services. Banking clients are commonly given technology-related services, whether they are online or not. Now, banks are focused on providing instant credit card issuance and personalized financial solution services to their clients. They are responsible for managing mass affluent clients who conduct transactions approximately the same as mass retail clients. Providing personalized services on time to individual end users will significantly enhance customer value with the banks. Customers who use the bank digitally perform more operations than those who go to the branch. Thus, they become more valuable clients for the banks. This strategic approach to the digitization process takes place in this fast-changing environment, and the major steps of this journey will be explained in the next chapters [1].

The multitude of services and resources available in multi-cloud environments has increased the importance of analytics applications in cloud brokering. These applications can orchestrate services and resources that reside in different domains and require inputs that a single cloud provider could not easily acquire. Yet, despite their distinct characteristics, multi-cloud analytics users have no voice in the ranking of the services in brokerage marketplaces. In this chapter, we introduce the concept and propose the implementation of explainable analytics to increase transparency and user satisfaction in multi-cloud environments. The criteria that we have identified and measured in order to summarize them in explainable results allow cloud users to acquire an understanding of the ranking rules, a crucial requirement in trustful decision-making. Our proposal accounts for a set of regulations for intelligent systems and targets their specific adaptation and use in multi-cloud environments.

Retirement planning can be a complex endeavor. One consideration is whether or not to invest in an Individual Retirement Account (IRA). The present study compares the effect of several contributions to a traditional, Roth, and rollover IRA. The returns generated for each model are derived from the historic growth rates of the S&P 500 over 40 years. Results are presented in terms of employer match, taxes due, and the number of shares utilized in the long-term investment strategy for each withdrawal method. Results show traditional IRA contributions or Roth IRA contributions are equally matched until employment termination. Taking an active role in managing the investment strategy, possibly by working with a financial representative, suggests a more favorable positioning upon employment termination [1]. Traditional and other pre-tax plans usually do not have an employer match, are usually paired with decreased taxes paid, and the number of shares available to the long-term investment strategy is somewhat reduced. In all cases, risk is increased. Rollover IRAs enjoy a match, lower taxes, and decrease the amount of calculated risk involved. A certified financial planner should be the resource of choice to determine how corporate retirement planning programs fit into the overall investment strategy.

Crime is a serious and widespread problem in their society, thus preventing it is essential. Assignment. A significant number of crimes are committed every day. One tool for dealing with model crime is data mining. Crimes are costly to society in many ways, and they are also a major source of frustration for its members. A major area of machine learning research is crime detection. This paper analyzes crime prediction and classification using data mining techniques on a crime dataset spanning 2006 to 2016. This approach begins with cleaning and extracting features from raw data for data preparation. Then, machine learning and deep learning models, including RNN-LSTM, ARIMA, and Linear Regression, are applied. The performance of these models is evaluated using metrics like Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). The RNN-LSTM model achieved the lowest RMSE of 18.42, demonstrating superior predictive accuracy among the evaluated models. Data visualization techniques further unveiled crime patterns, offering actionable insights to prevent crime.

With unclaimed property assets reaching record levels, businesses have become, in some cases, overwhelmed and hamstrung by stagnant, unoptimized processes. That sentiment is compounded by ever-evolving regulatory changes, resulting in organizations struggling to hit compliance deadlines while delivering an optimal claimant experience. Often, early systems had periods of short-term success but are on the verge of obsolescence, resulting in stressed workflows and cumbersome integrations. Deploying an integrated IT infrastructure, supported by cloud-enabled AI, represents the quickest path to modernizing unclaimed property management. A fully integrated IT infrastructure is crucial to optimize the management of unclaimed property [1]. When lone solutions exist across an organization, companies miss out on automation opportunities generated through the interconnectedness of systems and data. AI presents organizations with the opportunity to traverse these gaps, enabling a vast library of applications to improve the perturbed workflows of unclaimed property teams. Automated data extraction, document comparison, fraudulent claim detection, and workflow completion analysis are just a few popular applications well suited for the unclaimed property space. In addition to the lagging technology currently deployed by many organizations, the unclaimed property landscape itself is evolving. Compliance issuance, asset availability, rates, the ability to collect fraudulently posted claims, and the claimant experience have all become hot-button items that are now front of mind for regulation agencies and businesses alike. Issuing duplication letters in a compliant manner, accommodating claimant inquiries regarding held assets, and managing, processing, and understanding the operational impact of rate changes are vexing problems many organizations now find themselves playing catch-up to address. The opportunity posed by cloud-enabled AI is furthered by economic, regulatory, and report cycle pressures on unclaimed property teams to do more with the same size or fewer resources. It’s now no longer simply a case of hitting the audit date deadline and checking off a box but an emerging priority for businesses at all sides of the market, from Fortune 500 to mid-market firms. In-house shared service teams are comfortable in areas of monitoring and curating business data; however, unclaimed property is an unknown territory with a learning curve, compliance gaps, and operational holes that, if ignored, stand to scale up exponentially. The combined fallout from regulatory changes and the recent pandemic have only made the situation riskier, with increased volatility in balancing time-sensitive tasks against stringent regulatory deadlines and growing claimant outreach.

Key business objectives for digital infrastructure cloud adoption are often framed in terms of reducing cost, improving fault tolerance and resilience, simplifying scale, and enabling innovation. Given the critical nature of the financial sector, however, where timeliness and price can significantly determine an outcome, cloud migration in delivery environments demands greater throughput on the critical path and, in many enterprise-scale settings, forgoes hybrid complexity and multi-cloud risks. Nevertheless, slack in system designs does exist; financial institutions enable market functionality—trading, clearing/best execution—despite potentially being able to meet such sets with lower service levels than other verticals. A cloud multi-account structure for sensitive data, for example, naturally limits exposure when combined with observed risk. Fulfilling predictions of elasticity during periods of high demand usually requires support from a dedicated environment (or environments) located nearer to the operations. Components can consequently be allocated on a per-account basis or maintained as shared sink systems to which the dedicated streams write. The automation code can similarly be targeted for dedicated accounts, avoiding the resource constraints that beset such operations during industry events like emergency triage/contact desking.