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Open Access June 26, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

The Relationship Between Lymphocyte Count and Mortality in Patients with Dysphagia

Min Wei, Chengming Ke, Sumin Wu

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 40-51. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.6128

Abstract Background: Dysphagia is a common functional impairment in elderly populations, often leading to severe complications such as malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia, significantly increasing healthcare burdens. Currently, effective prognostic assessment tools are lacking. The absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), a biomarker reflecting immune-nutritional status, has potential predictive value in this context, though its role in dysphagia prognosis remains unclear. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 253 dysphagic patients who received percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) between 2014 and 2017. Five patients with missing ALC were excluded. Cox regression models assessed the association between ALC and mortality. ALC was analyzed as both continuous variable (using restriocted cubic splines) and categorical tertiles, with additional threshold analyses to assess non-linearity. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and subgroup analyses were also performed. Results: Lower ALC was associated with poorer nutritional status, higher inflammatory markers, and greater comorbidity burden. Higher ALC was independently associated with reduced mortality (adjusted HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44–0.83; p = 0.002). Patients in the highest tertile had significantly better survival than those in the lowest (HR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.23–0.59; P < 0.001). A non-linear threshold effect was identified at ALC = 1.899×10⁹/L (p for non-linearity = 0.009). Kaplan–Meier analysis confirmed improved survival with higher ALC (p [...] Read more.

Background: Dysphagia is a common functional impairment in elderly populations, often leading to severe complications such as malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia, significantly increasing healthcare burdens. Currently, effective prognostic assessment tools are lacking. The absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), a biomarker reflecting immune-nutritional status, has potential predictive value in this context, though its role in dysphagia prognosis remains unclear. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 253 dysphagic patients who received percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN) between 2014 and 2017. Five patients with missing ALC were excluded. Cox regression models assessed the association between ALC and mortality. ALC was analyzed as both continuous variable (using restriocted cubic splines) and categorical tertiles, with additional threshold analyses to assess non-linearity. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and subgroup analyses were also performed. Results: Lower ALC was associated with poorer nutritional status, higher inflammatory markers, and greater comorbidity burden. Higher ALC was independently associated with reduced mortality (adjusted HR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.44–0.83; p = 0.002). Patients in the highest tertile had significantly better survival than those in the lowest (HR: 0.37; 95% CI: 0.23–0.59; P < 0.001). A non-linear threshold effect was identified at ALC = 1.899×10⁹/L (p for non-linearity = 0.009). Kaplan–Meier analysis confirmed improved survival with higher ALC (p < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses showed the protective effect of higher ALC was consistent across age, sex, BMI, PEG use, and comorbidity strata, with no significant interactions. Conclusions: ALC is an independent, non-linear predictor of mortality in older dysphagic patients and may aid clinical risk stratification across diverse patient subgroups.

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Open Access June 26, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Mathematical modelling of the impact of HIV prevention strategies among female sex workers on public health in Burkina Faso

Serge M. A. SOMDA, Bernard E. A. DABONÉ, Boureima SANGARÉ, Sado TRAORÉ

Journal of Mathematics Letters 2025, 3(1), 22-40. DOI: 10.31586/jml.2025.6104

Abstract This article presents a mathematical model designed to simulate the impact of targeted interventions aimed at preventing HIV transmission among female sex workers (FSWs) and their clients, while also analyzing their effects on the health of the general population. The compartmental model distinguishes between high-risk populations (FSWs and their clients) and low-risk populations (sexually active [...] Read more.

This article presents a mathematical model designed to simulate the impact of targeted interventions aimed at preventing HIV transmission among female sex workers (FSWs) and their clients, while also analyzing their effects on the health of the general population. The compartmental model distinguishes between high-risk populations (FSWs and their clients) and low-risk populations (sexually active men and women in the general population), and links prevention efforts in high-risk groups to the evolution of the epidemic in the low-risk population. The fundamental properties of the model, such as the positivity of solutions and the boundedness of the system, have been verified, and the basic reproduction number R₀ has been calculated. Finally, the stability of the model was studied using Varga’s theorem and the Lyapunov method. Simulation results show that targeted prevention among FSWs and their clients reduces HIV incidence in the general population. This framework provides a valuable tool for guiding policymakers in the design of effective strategies to combat the epidemic, especially relevant in the context of suspension of USAID funding.

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Open Access June 25, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Performance and Validity of Knee Function Assessment Tools After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review

Andrei Machado Viegas da Trindade, Helder Rocha da Silva Araújo, Mário Soares Ferreira Júnior, Karine Kelly Rangel de Andrade Monte, Marcos Vinícius Amorim Silva, Rebecca Gomes Moura Bastos, João Gabriel Ventura Bariani, Fernanda Grazielle da Silva Azevedo Nora

Global Journal of Orthopedics 2025, 1(1), 60-69. DOI: 10.31586/gjo.2025.6123

Abstract Objective: To identify and evaluate the main functional assessment tools applied in the postoperative monitoring of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to synthesize the functional outcomes reported through these instruments in the current scientific literature. Methodology: A structured review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Thirty-one [...] Read more.

Objective: To identify and evaluate the main functional assessment tools applied in the postoperative monitoring of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA), and to synthesize the functional outcomes reported through these instruments in the current scientific literature. Methodology: A structured review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Thirty-one peer-reviewed studies were selected through a targeted manual search based on predefined eligibility criteria. Included studies evaluated functional recovery following TKA using validated outcome measures such as the WOMAC, KSS, KOOS, IKDC, SF-36, and SANE. Data extraction focused on the instruments used, patient population characteristics, and reported outcomes. A descriptive synthesis was compiled in Table 1. Additionally, 15 studies with quantitative data were analyzed using a forest plot to illustrate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for functional improvement. Risk of bias was assessed qualitatively based on methodological rigor, clarity of reporting, and validation of the outcome tools. Results: All included studies reported improvements in functional status following TKA. Most risk ratios ranged from 0.66 to 0.85, indicating a consistent reduction in the risk of postoperative functional limitation. High-quality studies demonstrated more precise effect estimates and greater internal validity. The SANE scale emerged as a valid and practical tool with high responsiveness, including in its culturally adapted Brazilian version. Despite heterogeneity in study design, the direction of effect remained consistent across all included studies. Conclusion: Validated functional assessment tools are essential for monitoring recovery after total knee arthroplasty. Instruments such as WOMAC and SANE demonstrate strong clinical utility and psychometric validity. Their systematic use enhances outcome comparability, supports individualized rehabilitation planning, and improves decision-making in orthopedic care.

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Systematic Review

Open Access June 19, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Current Status of Legionnaires' Disease and Environmental Factors in Japan

Masafumi Seki

Global Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease 2025, 5(1), 24-27. DOI: 10.31586/gjeid.2025.6129

Abstract Legionnaires' disease became widely known following an outbreak of pneumonia in the United States in 1976. It is often caused by infection from artificial water sources such as cooling towers, water supply and heating systems, and recirculating hot tubs. To effectively implement infection prevention measures for Legionnaires' disease, collaboration among healthcare workers, water supply and [...] Read more.

Legionnaires' disease became widely known following an outbreak of pneumonia in the United States in 1976. It is often caused by infection from artificial water sources such as cooling towers, water supply and heating systems, and recirculating hot tubs. To effectively implement infection prevention measures for Legionnaires' disease, collaboration among healthcare workers, water supply and heating system managers, building hygiene personnel, and other relevant parties is essential. It is important to note that outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease continue to occur frequently both domestically and internationally. While the number of reported cases of Legionnaires' disease in Japan has increased, the mortality rate has decreased but has stabilized at a lower level. Caution is also required as reports have been made in association with disasters and travel, in addition to artificial environmental water.

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Review Article

Open Access June 06, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Food security, dietary diversity, and age as determinants of nutritional status among adolescent girls in coastal Bangladesh

Tanzina Akter, Taslima Akter, Sharmin Shilpy Nokshi, Sujit Kumar Banik, Abu Ansar Md Rizwan

Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences 2025, 5(2), 110-121. DOI: 10.31586/jbls.2025.6112

Abstract Background: Adolescent girls living in disaster-prone coastal regions of Bangladesh face heightened nutritional vulnerability due to limited food access, poor dietary diversity, and environmental stressors. Despite growing concerns about adolescent malnutrition, few studies have examined the combined influence of food security, dietary diversity, and age on nutritional outcomes in these [...] Read more.

Background: Adolescent girls living in disaster-prone coastal regions of Bangladesh face heightened nutritional vulnerability due to limited food access, poor dietary diversity, and environmental stressors. Despite growing concerns about adolescent malnutrition, few studies have examined the combined influence of food security, dietary diversity, and age on nutritional outcomes in these settings. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the association between dietary diversity, food security, and age with the nutritional status of adolescent girls in coastal Bangladesh. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 345 adolescent girls aged 10–19 in Chattogram and Cox’s Bazar. Data on dietary intake were collected using a 24-hour dietary recall and a food frequency questionnaire. Household food security was assessed using a validated scale. Nutritional status was determined using BMI-for-age classifications. Bivariate and multivariate analyses explored associations between dietary diversity, food security, age, and nutritional status. Results: Among participants, 10.14% were underweight, and 29.85% were either overweight or obese. While 17.39% demonstrated high dietary diversity (≥7 food groups), the majority had moderate diversity (5 or 6 food groups) (59.42%). Food-insecure households were significantly more likely to have overweight or obese adolescents (p < 0.05). Although dietary diversity was associated with BMI in bivariate analysis, it was not a significant predictor in the multivariate model. Age showed a significant relationship with both dietary diversity and nutritional status. Conclusion: The findings emphasize the importance of addressing household food security and age-related nutritional vulnerabilities in coastal areas. Interventions should prioritize age-sensitive, culturally appropriate strategies to improve dietary quality and prevent the double burden of malnutrition among adolescent girls.

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Open Access June 02, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Residual Sets and the Density of Binary Goldbach Representations

Daniel Sankei, Loyford Njagi, Josephine Mutembei, Grace Gakii

Journal of Mathematics Letters 2025, 3(1), 1-21. DOI: 10.31586/jml.2025.6091

Abstract A residual-set framework is introduced for analyzing additive prime conjectures, with particular emphasis on the Strong Goldbach Conjecture (SGC). For each even integer

E_{n} \geq 4

, the residual set [...] Read more.

A residual-set framework is introduced for analyzing additive prime conjectures, with particular emphasis on the Strong Goldbach Conjecture (SGC). For each even integer

E_{n} \geq 4

, the residual set

ℛ (E_{n}) = {E_{n} - p ∣

p < E_{n}, p \in ℙ}

is defined, and the universal residual set

ℛ_{E} = {\cup^{​}}_{E_{n}} ℛ (E_{n})

is constructed. It is shown that

ℛ_{E}

contains infinitely many primes. A nontrivial constructive lower bound is derived, establishing that the number of Goldbach partitions satisfies

G (E) \geq 2

for all

E \geq 8

, and that the cumulative partition count satisfies

\sum_{E \leq N} G (E) ≫ \frac{N^{2}}{{log}^{4} N}

. An optimized deterministic algorithm is implemented to verify the SGC for even integers up to 16,000 digits. Each computed partition

E_{n} = p + q

is validated using elliptic curve primality testing, and no exceptions are observed. Runtime variability observed in the empirical tests corresponds with known fluctuations in prime density and modular residue distribution. A recursive construction is formulated for generating Goldbach partitions, using residual descent and leveraging properties of the residual sets. The method extends naturally to Lemoine's Conjecture, asserting that every odd integer

n \geq 7

can be expressed as

n = p + 2 q

, where

p, q \in ℙ

. A corresponding residual formulation is developed, and it is proven that at least two valid partitions exist for all

n \geq 9

. Comparative analysis with the Hardy-Littlewood and Chen estimates is provided to contextualize the cumulative growth rate. The residual-set methodology offers a deterministic, scalable, and structurally grounded approach to additive problems in prime number theory, supported by both theoretical results and large-scale computational evidence.

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Open Access May 13, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Geochemistry distributions and statistics analysis of REE in stream sediments from the watershed west of Mambaka (Adamawa Plateau, Cameroun)

Roland William Edima Yana, Lise Carole Okomo Atouba, Fagny Aminatou Mefire, Oumar Hamit Djiddi, Adama Haman, Anicet Ango Ella, Faarouk Oumarou Nkouandou

World Journal of Geomatics and Geosciences 2025, 4(1), 12-28. DOI: 10.31586/wjgg.2025.6101

Abstract The Mambaka watershed is extends between latitudes 1 3°45'E and 14°15'E and longitudes 7°16'N and 6°45'N. The geology, various tectonic and structural events that have affected the Adamawa Plateau in Cameroon make it rich in multi-substance mining. The objective of this study is to map rare earth (REE) geochemical anomalies in the sediments of the watershed streams west of Mambaka, and to trace [...] Read more.

The Mambaka watershed is extends between latitudes 1 3°45'E and 14°15'E and longitudes 7°16'N and 6°45'N. The geology, various tectonic and structural events that have affected the Adamawa Plateau in Cameroon make it rich in multi-substance mining. The objective of this study is to map rare earth (REE) geochemical anomalies in the sediments of the watershed streams west of Mambaka, and to trace their origins and geochemical processes. Predictive maps from inverse distance interpolations (IDW), factor analysis (F1) or principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical bottom-up classification maps provided a better understanding of the central tendency, distribution and dispersion of REE in the samples and in the study area, based on standard deviation and variance values that generated two factors F1 (Ho-Tm-Er-Yb-Lu-Dy-Tb-Gd-Eu-Sm) and F2 (Pr-Nd-Ce-La-Sm) representing 92.44% of the total cumulative variance. The ratios Ce/Ce* > 0.78 and Eu/Eu* > 1 demonstrate positive anomalies in Ce and Eu, and clear differentiation. The normalized concentrations used to calculate fractionation ratios show that the values for LaN/YbN (0.58 to 1.34), LaN/SmN (0.61 to 0.88) and LaN/LuN (0.62 to 1.43) suggest higher fractionation in SS09 and lower fractionation in SS01. Similarly, the ratios La/Lu (61.71 to 143.46), La/Yb (9.00 to 20.72), La/Sm (4.02 to 5.83) and La/ Lu (61.71 to 143.46) confirm these higher ratios in SS09 and lower in SS01. The REE in the study area comes from hydrothermal processes based on high lineament densities at sampling points in igneous rocks with a mean ∑REE value of between 174-219 ppm.

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Open Access April 30, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Psychological Flexibility and Cardiovascular Health Behaviors Among Filipino Outpatients: A Correlational Study

Zander Antonio, Ronalyn Topacio, Aqeel Al-Mahdaly Steven Zheng, Roison Andro Narvaez, Marilane Ferrer

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 67-76. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.6090

Abstract (1) Background: Psychological flexibility, the ability to adapt to changing demands while staying true to personal values, is linked to better health behaviors. However, its relationship with cardiovascular health behaviors, particularly in Filipino populations, remains underexplored. (2) Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between psychological flexibility and [...] Read more.

(1) Background: Psychological flexibility, the ability to adapt to changing demands while staying true to personal values, is linked to better health behaviors. However, its relationship with cardiovascular health behaviors, particularly in Filipino populations, remains underexplored. (2) Aim: This study aimed to examine the relationship between psychological flexibility and cardiovascular health behaviors among outpatients in Rizal, Philippines, focusing on BMI, smoking, physical activity, and dietary habits. (3) Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational design was used with 100 outpatient participants from selected hospitals. Psychological flexibility was measured using the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and cardiovascular health behaviors were assessed using a modified version of the American Heart Association’s Life Simple 7 tool. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation were applied. (4) Results: The findings showed that respondents had neutral levels of psychological flexibility. While most exhibited intermediate BMI and physical activity, dietary habits varied. A significant positive correlation was found between psychological flexibility and whole grain consumption. However, no significant associations were found with BMI, smoking, or physical activity. (5) Conclusions: Psychological flexibility appears to influence specific health behaviors, such as dietary choices, but does not strongly correlate with other cardiovascular health behaviors. Further research is needed to explore its broader role in cardiovascular disease prevention.

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Open Access April 22, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of the Online Brand Identity Construction of National Museums

Yan Wang

Universal Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 2025, 5(1), 1-17. DOI: 10.31586/ujssh.2025.6084

Abstract The national museum of a country, as a cultural symbol of the nation, plays an important role in cultural communication at home and abroad. This study explores the online brand identity construction of two national museums—the British Museum and the National Museum of China—to inform cultural brands of the discursive strategies to distinguish themselves from others and communicate with their [...] Read more.

The national museum of a country, as a cultural symbol of the nation, plays an important role in cultural communication at home and abroad. This study explores the online brand identity construction of two national museums—the British Museum and the National Museum of China—to inform cultural brands of the discursive strategies to distinguish themselves from others and communicate with their audiences effectively. Informed by multimodal critical discourse analysis, this paper analyzes the websites of the two museums and their social media posts, depicts their brand identity prisms, and evaluates the effectiveness of their online communication. The results show that both museums use multimodal and hypertextual resources to create unique and congruent brand images in website design and social media interaction with their target audiences, fulfilling the institutional functions of museums as the symbol of national culture or world civilization. They express differential personalities and cultural values to reinforce their brand identities in different sociocultural and political contexts. The findings may provide insight into the use of multimodality in online communication for cultural institutions to enhance their brand images and promote cultural exchanges.

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Open Access April 13, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines for the Elderly Population in Japan

Masafumi Seki

World Journal of Medical Microbiology 2025, 4(1), 1-4. DOI: 10.31586/wjmm.2025.6069

Abstract Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is commonly known as a pathogen of the bronchiolitis in children, however, recently also as a pathogen of the severe virus pneumonia in adults, especially elderly persons, and vaccines for elderly persons have been developed. There are two vaccines, such as the vaccines targeted for subgroup A with the adjuvant, and that targeted for both subgroup A and B but not [...] Read more.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is commonly known as a pathogen of the bronchiolitis in children, however, recently also as a pathogen of the severe virus pneumonia in adults, especially elderly persons, and vaccines for elderly persons have been developed. There are two vaccines, such as the vaccines targeted for subgroup A with the adjuvant, and that targeted for both subgroup A and B but not included the adjuvant in Japan. Both vaccines are considered effective to prevent not only the incident of RSV infection/pneumonia, but also the exacerbations of the elderly persons with underlying diseases including chronic cardiopulmonary diseases.

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Mini Review

Open Access April 10, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Impact of Vaccination on Severe Outcomes in COVID-19 Reinfections and Breakthrough Infections

Krischelle Ann Dimaranan

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 65-66. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.6081

Abstract COVID-19 vaccines have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the prevalence of serious illnesses. The relative risk of hospitalization and mortality for patients who get breakthrough infections after immunization versus those who develop reinfections after a prior spontaneous infection is examined in this correspondence. Based on a study on U.S. Veterans who were not vaccinated and experienced [...] Read more.

COVID-19 vaccines have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the prevalence of serious illnesses. The relative risk of hospitalization and mortality for patients who get breakthrough infections after immunization versus those who develop reinfections after a prior spontaneous infection is examined in this correspondence. Based on a study on U.S. Veterans who were not vaccinated and experienced reinfections had a much higher risk of experiencing severe illness outcomes compared to those who had received immunizations and experienced breakthrough infections, even if the rates of reinfection and breakthrough infection were similar. Our findings highlight the value of immunization in reducing severe COVID-19 outcomes, even in the presence of reinfections.

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Correspondence

Open Access April 10, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Assessment of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Sokoine University Students Regarding Endocrine Disruptors Coming from Plastic Chemicals

Athuman Rashid Said, Frida Richard Mgonja

Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences 2025, 5(1), 58-66. DOI: 10.31586/jbls.2025.1274

Abstract Objective: The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of SUA students about the use of plastics containing endocrine disruptors were investigated in this study. Methodology: A study with 150 participants was conducted to assess individuals' knowledge about endocrine disruptors, attitudes, and plastic use practices. Results: The findings indicate that the participants possessed an [...] Read more.

Objective: The knowledge, attitudes, and practices of SUA students about the use of plastics containing endocrine disruptors were investigated in this study. Methodology: A study with 150 participants was conducted to assess individuals' knowledge about endocrine disruptors, attitudes, and plastic use practices. Results: The findings indicate that the participants possessed an average degree of knowledge 50.2 ± 3.85 with the main emphasis of awareness being generic concepts rather than specific substances. Regarding the potential health impacts of endocrine-disrupting chemicals present in plastics, respondents' attitudes ranged from fair to positive, with a mean score of 3.5 ±0.09 indicating a fair attitude overall. Conclusion: It is important to practice polite behavior and increase public awareness of safe plastic disposal methods. Surprising only 38.0% of the participants mentioned that they refrain from heating their food in plastic containers to reduce their exposure to plastics. Students' practices revealed a notable dependence on plastic products despite their awareness of the concerns surrounding endocrine disruptors, as most of them reported using plastic water bottles, plastic cups, and plastic bags almost always. Additionally, only 20.7% of the respondents consistently implemented strategies to prevent exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Recommendation: The study recommended increasing the use of cleaner plastic substitutes and improving educational programs to convert information into practical actions. Policies that encourage environmentally friendly behavior and raise public awareness of safe plastic disposal techniques should be put into practice.

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Open Access March 31, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Flat Foot and Its Association with Mechanical Low Back Pain: A Case-Control Study Utilizing Clarke’s Angle Measurement

Filjordan Andrisoni Imanuel Lulupoy, Tasya Meidy Pradhana, Yusak Mangara Tua Siahaan

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 34-39. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.6048

Abstract Background: Mechanical low back pain (MLBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with well-established risk factors such as obesity, occupational ergonomics, and core muscle strength. However, the role of pes planus (flat foot) as a contributing factor remains underrecognized. This study aims to investigate the association between flat foot and MLBP using Clarke’s angle as an [...] Read more.

Background: Mechanical low back pain (MLBP) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, with well-established risk factors such as obesity, occupational ergonomics, and core muscle strength. However, the role of pes planus (flat foot) as a contributing factor remains underrecognized. This study aims to investigate the association between flat foot and MLBP using Clarke’s angle as an objective measure of foot posture. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in South Timor Tengah Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, from December 2024 to February 2025. Fifty patients diagnosed with MLBP and 50 healthy controls were enrolled. Foot type assessment was performed using Clarke’s angle, with a cutoff of ≤30° indicating flat foot. Pain severity in the LBP group was recorded using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). Statistical analysis was conducted using chi-square and independent t-tests, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Flat foot was significantly more prevalent in the LBP group (58%) than in the control group (18%) (p = 0.000; OR: 6.29, 95% CI: 2.52-15.69), indicating that individuals with flat feet are over six times more likely to experience MLBP. No significant differences were observed between the groups regarding BMI, age, or gender. Conclusion: These findings suggest that flat foot is an independent risk factor for MLBP, likely due to altered spinal biomechanics and compensatory postural changes. Clinicians should consider foot posture assessments in MLBP patients and explore targeted interventions, such as orthotic support, to mitigate symptoms.

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Open Access March 29, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

The Role of Type 3 Diabetes in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review of Current Evidence

Mary Miliza Dagus, Vanessa Lacambra, Judith Magalona, Roison Andro Narvaez, Myra Katrina Paredes

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 47-64. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.6068

Abstract Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are increasingly linked through shared pathophysiological mechanisms, giving rise to the concept of Type 3 Diabetes Mellitus (T3DM). Brain insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are central to both conditions, contributing to cognitive decline and AD progression. Aim: This review aims to [...] Read more.

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) are increasingly linked through shared pathophysiological mechanisms, giving rise to the concept of Type 3 Diabetes Mellitus (T3DM). Brain insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation are central to both conditions, contributing to cognitive decline and AD progression. Aim: This review aims to explore this emerging relationship and its implications for prevention and management. Methods: Using an integrative review, 21 studies were systematically analyzed. The review focused on identifying demographic, genetic, and lifestyle factors contributing to T2DM and AD and examined shared molecular pathways such as insulin dysregulation and amyloid-beta accumulation. Results: The findings reveal that T3DM shares key features with T2DM and AD, including insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. Lifestyle interventions, such as diet and exercise, alongside routine cognitive and metabolic screenings, are critical in mitigating progression. Conclusions: Further research into diagnostic biomarkers and targeted therapies is essential to manage T3DM and its impact on AD. The role of nursing professionals in early detection, education, and holistic management is emphasized as vital in addressing this dual disease burden. This review offers actionable insights into integrated strategies for addressing these interconnected conditions.

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Review Article

Open Access March 06, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Impact of Food Security on Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Intake Among Pregnant Women in Low-Resource Settings

Abeer Mohammad Hossain, Zubaida Iftekhar, Rajib Das, Sujit Kumar Banik, Mohammad Shamsul Huda, Abu Ansar Md Rizwan

Universal Journal of Food Security 2025, 2(1), 1-12. DOI: 10.31586/ujfs.2025.6038

Abstract Background: Food security and dietary diversity are essential determinants of maternal health, particularly among pregnant women in refugee populations who face heightened vulnerabilities due to displacement and inadequate living conditions. This study examines the impact of food security on dietary diversity and nutritional intake among pregnant Rohingya women residing in the makeshift [...] Read more.

Background: Food security and dietary diversity are essential determinants of maternal health, particularly among pregnant women in refugee populations who face heightened vulnerabilities due to displacement and inadequate living conditions. This study examines the impact of food security on dietary diversity and nutritional intake among pregnant Rohingya women residing in the makeshift camps of Ukhiya, Cox’s Bazar. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 96 pregnant Rohingya women from June to September 2022. Data were collected using structured questionnaires assessing socio-demographic characteristics, food security, and dietary diversity. Food security was evaluated using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), while dietary diversity was assessed through a 24-hour dietary recall and a 7-day food frequency questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 26) and Stata (Version 13), employing descriptive statistics and chi-square tests to examine associations. Results: Most participants (57.3%) were food secure, and 85.4% demonstrated high dietary diversity, consuming seven or more food groups. However, 21.9% of households experienced severe food insecurity, highlighting ongoing challenges in food access. The highest consumption was observed for starch, flesh foods, dark green leafy vegetables, and vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables (99.0%), while dairy products (69.8%) and organ meat (34.4%) were consumed less frequently. Despite high dietary diversity, severe food insecurity persists, indicating gaps in food assistance programs. Conclusions: While food support programs appear to contribute to high dietary diversity among pregnant Rohingya women, severe food insecurity remains a significant concern. Strengthening food security interventions, improving access to diverse nutrient-rich foods, and integrating sustainable food assistance models are essential to addressing these challenges. Future research should explore long-term strategies to enhance food security and assess the impact of targeted nutritional interventions on maternal health outcomes in refugee settings.

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Open Access March 03, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Effectiveness and Safety of Acupuncture Combined with Bloodletting Cupping Therapy in the Treatment of Scapulohumeral Periarthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hai-Xia Ma, Sun Jinshuai, Xuan-Yue Zhang, Qian-Yi Wen, Bin Lin, Meng Bo, Zhi-Feng Xiao, Juan-Xia Zheng

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 20-33. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.6028

Abstract Background: Scapulohumeral periarthritis commonly afflicts individuals in their middle age. Its etiology is multifaceted, and treatment presents a challenge with a high risk of recurrence. The main symptoms include shoulder pain and limited joint mobility, seriously affect the quality of life of the patients. Recent research indicate that acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping can [...] Read more.

Background: Scapulohumeral periarthritis commonly afflicts individuals in their middle age. Its etiology is multifaceted, and treatment presents a challenge with a high risk of recurrence. The main symptoms include shoulder pain and limited joint mobility, seriously affect the quality of life of the patients. Recent research indicate that acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping can significantly improve the function of activity of shoulder joint and the pain in individuals with scapulohumeral periarthritis. However, these studies have typically been limited in scope, therefore additional research to substantiate the efficacy and safety of these intervention. Methods: To evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping for treating patients with scapulohumeral periarthritis. We conducted an online search of databases in both Chinese and English, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wangfang Data, China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) and Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM), to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning the use of acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping in scapulohumeral periarthritis patients. We also examined the references within the identified literature. Search utilised subject headings and free-text terms in both languages, without racial restrictions, for records up to April 3, 2024. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated their qualities. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis of the included studies. The protocol of this review was recorded in the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols (PROSPERO). Its registration number is CRD42023454614. Results: This review incorporated 22 RCTs involving a total of 1,774 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that the clinical effective rate (RR=1.25, 95%CI [1.20, 1.30], P＜0.00001) of treating scapulohumeral periarthritis with acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping was higher in the experimental group than in the control group. The all of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score (MD=-1.70, 95% CI [-2.17, -1.22], P＜0.00001). Melle score (SMD=-2.45, 95% CI [-2.55, -2.34], P=0.007]) and recurrence rate (RR=0.23, 95% CI [0.07, 0.77], P=0.02) were lower in the experimental group than in the control group with statistical significance (P<0.05). Conclusion: The acupuncture combined with bloodletting cupping for the treatment of shoulder impingement syndrome demonstrates definite efficacy and safety, with superior clinical effectiveness, pain relief, improvement in shoulder joint mobility, and reduction in recurrence compared to acupuncture alone. Therefore, it is worthy of being promoted and applied clinically.

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Open Access February 24, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Pembrolizumab-induced myelitis in stage 4 renal clear cell carcinoma: a case report

Vonny Fibrianty Goenawan, Vivien Puspitasari, Mary Christina Elsa, Ratna Sutanto

Open Journal of Medical Sciences 2025, 5(1), 46-50. DOI: 10.31586/ojms.2025.1259

Abstract Pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) protein, is widely used for renal cell carcinoma but rarely causes central nervous system adverse events such as myelitis. A 58-year-old woman with stage IV renal clear cell carcinoma developed radiating hip pain, paresthesia, hypoesthesia (T10 and below), constipation, urinary retention, and sudden [...] Read more.

Pembrolizumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor targeting the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) protein, is widely used for renal cell carcinoma but rarely causes central nervous system adverse events such as myelitis. A 58-year-old woman with stage IV renal clear cell carcinoma developed radiating hip pain, paresthesia, hypoesthesia (T10 and below), constipation, urinary retention, and sudden right-eye blurred vision one month after her sixth cycle of pembrolizumab and lenvatinib. Neurologic examination revealed asymmetrical inferior paraparesis, upper motor neuron signs, and right eye papilledema. MRI demonstrated patchy hyperintensity on C2-C6 and T2-T5, supportive of myelitis. Intravenous methylprednisolone was initiated, leading to pain relief and motor improvement. This is the first reported case of pembrolizumab-induced myelitis in Indonesia, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and corticosteroid therapy for optimal recovery.

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Open Access February 24, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Women Hearts on the Line: Exploring the Correlation Between Anthropometric Parameters, Blood Pressure, and Peripartum Cardiomyopathy

Hayatu Umar, Adamu Jibril Bamaiyi, Simeon Alabi Isezuo, Raghu Cherukupalli, Oborien Omokhudu Isa, Abubakar Sadiq Maiyaki, Garba Sanusi, Aminu Abbas, Murtala Audu Ngabea, Nura Maiyadi Ibrahim

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 6-19. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.1267

Abstract Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a life-threatening heart muscle disease of unknown aetiology that affects women during the peripartum period, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. While many studies have observed normal blood pressure (BP) in PPCM patients, none have explored whether their BP is appropriate for their body size. This study investigated the correlation between [...] Read more.

Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is a life-threatening heart muscle disease of unknown aetiology that affects women during the peripartum period, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. While many studies have observed normal blood pressure (BP) in PPCM patients, none have explored whether their BP is appropriate for their body size. This study investigated the correlation between body anthropometric parameters and BP in PPCM patients, comparing the findings with those of age-matched normal peripartum controls. Methods: A cohort of 105 women, each from PPCM and matched normal peripartum control groups, were recruited from three healthcare facilities in Sokoto. Blood pressure (BP) parameters were assessed in relation to their anthropometric measurements, and the findings were compared between the two groups. Results: The PPCM patients were significantly smaller in body weight (57.0 ±11.6 Kg vs 66.8 ±13.8 Kg, P <.0001), body mass index (BMI) (21.9 ±4.1 Kg/m2 vs 25.4 ±5.4 Kg/m2, P <.0001, body surface area (BSA) (1.3 ±0.7 m2 vs 1.7 ±0.2 m2, P <.0001), Lean body mass (LBM) (45.3 ±7.0 Kg vs 49.4 ±4.1 Kg, P <.0001) and Percentage body fat (BF) (23.5 ±10.9 % vs 31.2 ±6.9 %, P <.0001). Similarly, PPCM patients had significantly higher systolic BP (SBP), Pulse pressure (PP) and Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) compared to the normal peripartum PPCM control. Further, linear regression analysis showed that there was higher slope of the relationship between anthropometric indices and SBP and PP in the PPCM cohort, compared to the normal peripartum control group. A similar trend of the slope was seen in the Pearson’s coefficient of the relationship of the anthropometries and BP parameters. Conclusions: This study found that women with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) exhibited disproportionately higher systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure (PP) for each unit increase in anthropometric measurements compared to normal peripartum controls. Notably, PPCM patients had significantly lower anthropometric measures, potentially attributable to poverty and chronic undernutrition. Additionally, the effects of poor antenatal care, lack of immunization and recurrent infection should be considered. These findings suggest an abnormal relationship between anthropometry and blood pressure in PPCM patients, which may have detrimental effects on their cardiovascular health. This abnormal relationship may contribute to the development of heart failure (HF) in PPCM patients and potentially increase the risk in women susceptible to PPCM. Even-though our assumption, yet to be proven. To address this concerning trend in vulnerable populations, improvements in nutritional status, socioeconomic determinants health, adequate antenatal care (ANC), immunization, and infection prevention should be considered.

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Open Access February 21, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Diminished Returns of Educational Attainment on Unpaid and Paid Maternity Leave of Mothers Giving Birth in Poverty

Shervin Assari, Mojgan Azadi, Hossein Zare

Universal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2025, 4(1), 1-11. DOI: 10.31586/ujog.2025.1240

Abstract Background: Maternity leave, whether paid or unpaid, is a critical resource that can significantly impact maternal well-being and newborn outcomes. However, its availability and utilization among mothers living in poverty remain understudied. Education is widely recognized as a key factor that increases access to both paid and unpaid leave. However, the theory of Minorities’ [...] Read more.

Background: Maternity leave, whether paid or unpaid, is a critical resource that can significantly impact maternal well-being and newborn outcomes. However, its availability and utilization among mothers living in poverty remain understudied. Education is widely recognized as a key factor that increases access to both paid and unpaid leave. However, the theory of Minorities’ Diminished Returns (MDRs) posits that structural racism, segregation, and labor market discrimination limit the benefits of socioeconomic resources, such as education, for Black and Latino individuals. This suggests that the effects of education on maternity leave may not be uniform across racial and ethnic groups. Objective: This study aimed to examine the MDRs of education on access to unpaid and paid maternity leave among Black and Latino mothers compared to White mothers giving birth while living in poverty. Methods: We utilized baseline data from the Baby’s First Years Study (BFY), a longitudinal investigation of the effects of poverty on child development. The sample consisted of 1,050 mothers living in poverty who had recently given birth. Maternity leave (paid and unpaid) was assessed via self-report, and educational attainment was measured in years of schooling. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and interaction terms were employed to analyze racial and ethnic differences in the relationship between education and access to maternity leave. Results: Educational attainment was positively associated with access to unpaid maternity leave for the overall sample of mothers giving birth in poverty, but this association was weaker for Black and Latino mothers compared to non-Latino White mothers. Education did not significantly increase the likelihood of paid maternity leave, and there were no group differences for this association. Conclusion: This study highlights the urgent needs to address structural racism, labor market discrimination, and residential segregation that diminish the impact of education on living conditions for Black and Latino mothers, compared to non-Latino White mothers, even for those living under poverty. Policymakers and practitioners should develop targeted interventions to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in access to paid and unpaid maternity leave and other critical resources, particularly for new mothers living in poverty. Addressing these inequities is essential for improving maternal and newborn health outcomes and promoting social justice.

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Open Access February 15, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Knowledge related to umbilical cord care among mothers of neonates attending outpatient departments in Sherpur district, Bangladesh

Md Tamim Islam, Tanzina Akter, Md Omar Faruk, Rima Rani, Jinnat Haq Nipo, Akhi Roy Mita, Abu Ansar Md Rizwan

Open Journal of Medical Sciences 2025, 5(1), 32-45. DOI: 10.31586/ojms.2025.1262

Abstract Background: Proper umbilical cord care prevents neonatal infections and reduces neonatal mortality. Despite global recommendations for evidence-based cord care practices, traditional beliefs, and inadequate maternal knowledge often lead to unsafe practices, particularly in low-resource settings like Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the understanding of umbilical cord care among [...] Read more.

Background: Proper umbilical cord care prevents neonatal infections and reduces neonatal mortality. Despite global recommendations for evidence-based cord care practices, traditional beliefs, and inadequate maternal knowledge often lead to unsafe practices, particularly in low-resource settings like Bangladesh. This study aimed to assess the understanding of umbilical cord care among mothers of neonates in Sherpur District, Bangladesh, and identify factors associated with knowledge levels. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from July to October 2020 at Sherpur Sadar Hospital. A total of 193 mothers of neonates were recruited using a non-randomized purposive sampling method. Data was collected through a pre-tested, semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. Knowledge levels were categorized as "Good" (>6) or "Poor" (≤6) based on responses to 10 structured questions. Statistical analyses, including chi-square tests and crude odds ratios (COR), were performed to identify socio-demographic factors associated with knowledge levels. Results: Of the 193 participants, 48.7% demonstrated "Good" knowledge, while 51.3% had "Poor" knowledge. Education level (p = 0.01), occupation (p = 0.02), family type (p < 0.001), and family size (p = 0.04) were significantly associated with knowledge levels. Mothers with higher education and those from joint families exhibited better knowledge. However, 28.5% of respondents were unaware of the typical umbilical cord-shedding timeframe, and 44% could not identify signs of infection. Unsafe practices, such as using medications (14.5%) or hot compression (7.2%) for drying the cord, were reported. Conclusion: The study reveals significant gaps in maternal knowledge regarding umbilical cord care in Sherpur District, driven by socio-demographic disparities and cultural practices. Targeted health education programs, emphasizing evidence-based cord care practices and leveraging local social structures, are urgently needed to improve neonatal health outcomes in similar resource-limited settings. Future research should evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions to inform policy and practice.

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Open Access February 14, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

A multi-loci time-series descriptive study on noise levels in a pediatric emergency care department

Yuan Luo, Liping Zhao, Yunchen Li

Current Research in Public Health 2025, 5(1), 1-11. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2025.1091

Abstract Objective: To investigate the status of the acoustic environment of a typical Chinese pediatric emergency care department in a time series and identify the relationship between noise levels and factors such as crowd density and movement. Methods: A descriptive study was designed based on a multi-loci time-series method. We measured three loci under three variable settings: the [...] Read more.

Objective: To investigate the status of the acoustic environment of a typical Chinese pediatric emergency care department in a time series and identify the relationship between noise levels and factors such as crowd density and movement. Methods: A descriptive study was designed based on a multi-loci time-series method. We measured three loci under three variable settings: the decibel value, observation volume, and emergency care volume. Results: The noise levels of the three loci were significantly higher than the internationally recommended levels, exceeding rate reached more than 86.3%. The 24-hour mean map of the three loci showed similar fluctuation patterns, all of which had two peaks at approximately 10:00 AM and 16:00 PM. Conclusions: The daytime and nighttime noise levels were well-fitted by cubic functions with different coefficients. It is suggested that crowd density and movement may play important roles in noise mean fluctuations, which can be optimized to ensure a satisfactory environment in a pediatric emergency care department.

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Open Access February 07, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Factors Affecting Pain Scale Preferences among Populations in Indonesia: Comparison Study between Suburban and Rural Areas

Kennytha Yoesdyanto, Henoch Gugun Parulian Siahaan, Yusak Mangara Tua Siahaan

Open Journal of Medical Sciences 2025, 5(1), 13-17. DOI: 10.31586/ojms.2025.1235

Abstract Introduction: Pain is considered as the fifth vital sign that should be considered in assessing patients. For clinicians to evaluate and determine the right pain interventions, there should be parameters such as pain scale. Our objective in this study is to determine factors affecting pain scale preferences in suburban and rural populations. The pain scales used in this study are FPS-R [...] Read more.

Introduction: Pain is considered as the fifth vital sign that should be considered in assessing patients. For clinicians to evaluate and determine the right pain interventions, there should be parameters such as pain scale. Our objective in this study is to determine factors affecting pain scale preferences in suburban and rural populations. The pain scales used in this study are FPS-R (Faces Pain Scale-Revised), VRS (Verbal Rating Scale), VAS (Visual Analogue Scale), and NRS (Numering Rating Scale). Method: This study uses observational design with an interview approach and a cross-sectional study. Areas covered are within Indonesia, which are marginal areas of Tangerang district border, and two rural areas in Serukam, West Kalimantan, and Soe, East Nusa Tenggara. Data collected will be analyzed using SPSS 25 software. Result: Populations within the suburban areas prefer NRS (52.08%) as their pain scale, and populations in rural areas prefer FPS-R 76.92%). Factors affecting pain scale preferences are location areas, as well as last education, with statistical significance of p<0.05. Discussion: Our study showed that the choice of several pain scales is not appropriate for specific demographics due to the complexity of these scales. Factors that should be considered are the location areas and education level, as some population in remote areas have better understanding of simpler pain scales. Conclusion: Complexity or simpler components may be an underlying reason for the preference of score selection to assess pain scales in some population. Therefore, the selection of pain scales should be adjusted to specific demographics so that clinicians can provide appropriate management with appropriate pain scales.

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Open Access February 04, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

The Use of Differentiated Instruction to Achieve Culturally Responsive Teaching

Monica Gakii Ituma

Open Journal of Educational Research 2025, 5(1), 13-30. DOI: 10.31586/ojer.2025.1234

Abstract With an increasing diversity of learners in today’s educational set-ups, there is an insurmountable need to cater for individual differences including the cultural variations among learners. It is therefore necessary for educators to develop culturally responsive teaching that enhances intercultural competencies of learners. As educators strive to provide inclusive learning environments in which [...] Read more.

With an increasing diversity of learners in today’s educational set-ups, there is an insurmountable need to cater for individual differences including the cultural variations among learners. It is therefore necessary for educators to develop culturally responsive teaching that enhances intercultural competencies of learners. As educators strive to provide inclusive learning environments in which learners from diverse cultural backgrounds learn equitably, differentiated instruction becomes a practical tool. This paper explores how differentiated instruction can support and enhance culturally responsive teaching by examining how tailored instructional approaches can bridge cultural gaps and enhance educational outcomes. The aim is to provide a comprehensive understanding of how educators can effectively integrate differentiated instructional methodologies to achieve the goals of Culturally Responsive Teaching. The study used a descriptive survey design to determine the use of differentiated instruction by junior school teachers in Kenya and a systematic review of literature, practical examples, and studies on teachers’ practices in culturally responsive teaching. The study outcomes indicated that teachers used various differentiated instructional strategies with flexible grouping being the most commonly used strategy. However, there arises a concern, that teachers were not very familiar with cultural variations of learners in their classrooms even as they developed their differentiated instructional strategies. Literature provided the principles and practices of culturally responsive teaching. The combination of these results were used to formulate a conceptual framework for Culturally Responsive Differentiated Instruction (CRDI) that provides insights for practitioners to develop and implement culturally responsive differentiated instructional strategies. The study recommends that a framework to support teachers in the implementation of inclusive and equitable curriculum through CRDI be developed, CRDI be integrated into the teaching processes and the teachers be trained on providing for learner differences through CRDI.

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Open Access January 15, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Prevalence and determinants of mental health stress among nursing students in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study

Tania Akter, Mst Habiba Benta Hasan, Most Nasrin Khatun, Abu Ansar Md Rizwan

World Journal of Nursing Research 2025, 4(1), 1-9. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2025.1227

Abstract Background: Nursing students are exposed to significant stress due to academic and clinical demands, which can adversely affect their mental health, academic performance, and future clinical competence. Despite the global acknowledgment of this issue, limited research has been conducted to explore the prevalence and determinants of stress among nursing students in Bangladesh. [...] Read more.

Background: Nursing students are exposed to significant stress due to academic and clinical demands, which can adversely affect their mental health, academic performance, and future clinical competence. Despite the global acknowledgment of this issue, limited research has been conducted to explore the prevalence and determinants of stress among nursing students in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2023 to February 2024 among 372 nursing students enrolled in selected nursing colleges in Bangladesh. A purposive sampling technique was used, and data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed socio-demographic characteristics, academic challenges, and psychological symptoms, with mental health stress measured using a Likert scale. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used to analyze the data, with a 95% confidence interval applied to all analyses. Results: The findings revealed that 31.7% of nursing students experienced severe stress, 23.9% reported moderate stress, and 16.7% had mild stress. Age, academic semester, and course load difficulties were significantly associated with stress levels (p < 0.05). Psychological symptoms such as anxiety, difficulty concentrating, and loss of interest in activities were also significantly linked to higher stress levels. Notably, students in their first semester and those reporting harder course loads were more likely to experience stress. However, gender was not significantly associated with stress levels. Conclusions: This study underscores the high prevalence of stress among nursing students in Bangladesh, driven by academic and clinical challenges and psychological symptoms. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions, such as stress management training, enhanced mental health support, and policies to alleviate academic pressures. Future research should explore longitudinal trends in stress and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions to support a resilient nursing workforce.

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Open Access January 11, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Exploring LiDAR Applications for Urban Feature Detection: Leveraging AI for Enhanced Feature Extraction from LiDAR Data

Olly Harouni, Alan Forghani, Maria Rashidi, Payam Rahnamayiezekavat

World Journal of Geomatics and Geosciences 2025, 4(1), 1-11. DOI: 10.31586/wjgg.2025.1242

Abstract The integration of LiDAR and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized feature detection in urban environments. LiDAR systems, which utilize pulsed laser emissions and reflection measurements, produce detailed 3D maps of urban landscapes. When combined with AI, this data enables accurate identification of urban features such as buildings, green spaces, and infrastructure. This synergy is [...] Read more.

The integration of LiDAR and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized feature detection in urban environments. LiDAR systems, which utilize pulsed laser emissions and reflection measurements, produce detailed 3D maps of urban landscapes. When combined with AI, this data enables accurate identification of urban features such as buildings, green spaces, and infrastructure. This synergy is crucial for enhancing urban development, environmental monitoring, and advancing smart city governance. LiDAR, known for its high-resolution 3D data capture capabilities, paired with AI, particularly deep learning algorithms, facilitates advanced analysis and interpretation of urban areas. This combination supports precise mapping, real-time monitoring, and predictive modeling of urban growth and infrastructure. For instance, AI can process LiDAR data to identify patterns and anomalies, aiding in traffic management, environmental oversight, and infrastructure maintenance. These advancements not only improve urban living conditions but also contribute to sustainable development by optimizing resource use and reducing environmental impacts. Furthermore, AI-enhanced LiDAR is pivotal in advancing autonomous navigation and sophisticated spatial analysis, marking a significant step forward in urban management and evaluation. The reviewed paper highlights the geometric properties of LiDAR data, derived from spatial point positioning, and underscores the effectiveness of machine learning algorithms in object extraction from point clouds. The study also covers concepts related to LiDAR imaging, feature selection methods, and the identification of outliers in LiDAR point clouds. Findings demonstrate that AI algorithms, especially deep learning models, excel in analyzing high-resolution 3D LiDAR data for accurate urban feature identification and classification. These models leverage extensive datasets to detect patterns and anomalies, improving the detection of buildings, roads, vegetation, and other elements. Automating feature extraction with AI minimizes the need for manual analysis, thereby enhancing urban planning and management efficiency. Additionally, AI methods continually improve with more data, leading to increasingly precise feature detection. The results indicate that the pulse emitted by continuous wave LiDAR sensors changes when encountering obstacles, causing discrepancies in measured physical parameters.

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Open Access January 10, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management during the omicron variant period in a tertiary hospital in Japan

Masafumi Seki, Chie Kubosawa, Makoto Ono, Fumitaka Kamoshita, Atsuko Shimizu, Kotaro Mitsutake

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2025, 5(1), 1-5. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2025.1231

Abstract Background: Severe COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management were not very rare even when the omicron variant became dominant, but the clinical characteristics of these patients are still unclear. Methods: The clinical characteristics of severe COVID-19 patients requiring ventilator management were retrospectively investigated from January 2023 to December 2023. [...] Read more.

Background: Severe COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management were not very rare even when the omicron variant became dominant, but the clinical characteristics of these patients are still unclear. Methods: The clinical characteristics of severe COVID-19 patients requiring ventilator management were retrospectively investigated from January 2023 to December 2023. Results: Severe COVID-19 patients who received ventilator management accounted for 11 of 275 (4.2%) patients during the omicron variant period. Their mean age was 70.7 (51-85) years, and males were predominant. Ten of eleven (91.7%) patients were managed in the emergency department and had underlying diseases, including chronic lung/heart/kidney diseases and neurological diseases. However, only 4 of 11 (36.4%) had a clear history of vaccination. The patients showed a positive SARS-CoV-2 antigen titer of 3305.7 (12.9-20912). All 11 patients were treated with remdesivir and dexamethasone, and 5 (45.5%) also received sotrovimab. Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 7 of 11 (63.6%) patients, and all 11 patients were treated with antibiotics. Only 3 of 11 (27.3%) patients were managed using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), but 9 of 11(81.8%) patients survived. Conclusions: These data suggest that severe COVID-19 patients who required ventilator management were less-vaccinated, elderly patients with underlying disease. These patients were treated successfully using antiviral agents, steroids, neutralizing antibodies, and antibiotics, with a few also treated using ECMO in the omicron era.

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Open Access January 10, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Artificial Immune Systems: A Bio-Inspired Paradigm for Computational Intelligence

Praveen Kumar Myakala, Chiranjeevi Bura, Anil Kumar Jonnalagadda

Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data 2025, 5(1), 1-13. DOI: 10.31586/jaibd.2025.1233

Abstract Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) are bio-inspired computational frameworks that emulate the adaptive mechanisms of the human immune system, such as self/non-self discrimination, clonal selection, and immune memory. These systems have demonstrated significant potential in addressing complex challenges across optimization, anomaly detection, and adaptive system control. This paper provides a [...] Read more.

Artificial Immune Systems (AIS) are bio-inspired computational frameworks that emulate the adaptive mechanisms of the human immune system, such as self/non-self discrimination, clonal selection, and immune memory. These systems have demonstrated significant potential in addressing complex challenges across optimization, anomaly detection, and adaptive system control. This paper provides a comprehensive exploration of AIS applications in domains such as cybersecurity, resource allocation, and autonomous systems, highlighting the growing importance of hybrid AIS models. Recent advancements, including integrations with machine learning, quantum computing, and bioinformatics, are discussed as solutions to scalability, high-dimensional data processing, and efficiency challenges. Core algorithms, such as the Negative Selection Algorithm (NSA) and Clonal Selection Algorithm (CSA), are examined, along with limitations in interpretability and compatibility with emerging AI paradigms. The paper concludes by proposing future research directions, emphasizing scalable hybrid frameworks, quantum-inspired approaches, and real-time adaptive systems, underscoring AIS's transformative potential across diverse computational fields.

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Open Access January 04, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Knowledge Level of Street Fruit Vendors on Food Hygiene in the Tamale Metropolis

Patience Kpekurah

Universal Journal of Food Science and Technology 2025, 3(1), 1-11. DOI: 10.31586/ujfst.2025.1226

Abstract This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of street food vendors on hygiene in the Tamale metropolis in the Northern Region of Ghana. The study employed the health belief model as the theoretical basis. Quantitatively, the study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design to examine the microbial load of street-cut fruits and assess the knowledge and practice of vendors of cut fruits [...] Read more.

This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of street food vendors on hygiene in the Tamale metropolis in the Northern Region of Ghana. The study employed the health belief model as the theoretical basis. Quantitatively, the study employed a descriptive cross-sectional study design to examine the microbial load of street-cut fruits and assess the knowledge and practice of vendors of cut fruits on personal and food hygiene in the study setting. The population consists of cut and vented pawpaw, watermelon, and street fruit vendors registered with the health directorate in the Tamale Metropolis. A convenient sampling technique was used to select 113 respondents for the study. The Yamane formula was used to determine the sample size to select one hundred and thirteen participants (113) out of one hundred and fifty-eight street fruit vendors in the Tamale Metropolis. The main instrument for data collection was a questionnaire. A questionnaire had close-ended questions which were developed using a 'Yes' and 'No' response, and a four-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1=Strongly Disagree (SD), 2=Disagree (D), 3=Agree (A) and 4= Strongly Agree (SA). The data were analysed using descriptive statistics (frequency, percentages, means and standard deviation). The findings revealed that the overall knowledge level of respondents is low. The findings also indicate that vendors do not control the rate at which their customers touch their vended fruits. It is recommended that Street fruit vendors and handlers be educated on fruit hygiene practices through engagement by the Health Directorate Unit of Tamale Metropolis and the Ministry of Health. To keep consumers safe, the Tamale Metropolitan Assembly must strictly enforce compliance with regulations on operation permits and health clearance certificates. Metropolitan sanitation officers must regularly monitor fruit vendors to ensure compliance with goods.

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Open Access January 02, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

A review of Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. ethnobotany in Italy and North Africa

Miriam Patti, Meriem Miyassa Aci, Maria Rosaria Tassone, Carmelo Maria Musarella

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2025, 5(1), 18-39. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2025.1111

Abstract Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., commonly known as prickly pear, is a versatile plant widely used for food, medicinal, and cosmetic purposes in various regions of the Mediterranean and North Africa. This study provides a comparative ethnobotanical review of prickly pear uses in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and Italy. In total, 74 articles were selected from ethnobotanical uses in Italy, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia. In the Maghreb, the plant is used for fruit production and processed products, such as jams, oils, and flours, as well as for traditional medicinal purposes. In Algeria and Morocco, the fruits and cladodes are used to treat digestive disorders, diabetes, and skin diseases. In Tunisia, products derived from O. ficus-indica are also applied in the cosmetic industry and for erosion control. In Italy, particularly in Sicily and Calabria, the prickly pear is a vital resource, used for both food consumption and for medicinal purposes. The cladodes, rich in mucilage, are applied as topical remedies for skin problems, while the fruits are a key ingredient in the preparation of traditional desserts. Furthermore, O. ficus-indica [...] Read more.

Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill., commonly known as prickly pear, is a versatile plant widely used for food, medicinal, and cosmetic purposes in various regions of the Mediterranean and North Africa. This study provides a comparative ethnobotanical review of prickly pear uses in Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, and Italy. In total, 74 articles were selected from ethnobotanical uses in Italy, Algeria, Morocco and Tunisia. In the Maghreb, the plant is used for fruit production and processed products, such as jams, oils, and flours, as well as for traditional medicinal purposes. In Algeria and Morocco, the fruits and cladodes are used to treat digestive disorders, diabetes, and skin diseases. In Tunisia, products derived from O. ficus-indica are also applied in the cosmetic industry and for erosion control. In Italy, particularly in Sicily and Calabria, the prickly pear is a vital resource, used for both food consumption and for medicinal purposes. The cladodes, rich in mucilage, are applied as topical remedies for skin problems, while the fruits are a key ingredient in the preparation of traditional desserts. Furthermore, O. ficus-indica has historically been used as forage and to produce natural dyes. Results indicate that the versatility of this species, combined with its ability to adapt to extreme climates, makes it a valuable resource for the development of new nutraceutical and cosmetic products. However, further scientific research is necessary to explore the bio-functional potential of this plant and to promote its broader and more sustainable use, especially in arid and semi-arid regions.

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Open Access January 02, 2025 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Ambient Air Quality and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in a Potentially Toxic Silver-Polluted Environment

Unyeawaji Brownson Ntesat, David Ojadi, Chinwendu Emeka, Reuben Nwomandah Okparanma

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2025, 5(1), 1-17. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2025.1058

Abstract Silver nanoparticles (Ag⁺NPs) contamination in the environment is a serious concern. This study investigated selected heavy metal (Ag⁺, Cd^2+, Cr²⁺ and Pb²⁺) concentrations at different sampling points to assess the risk to human health (infants, children, and adults). To do this, an enclosed area (laboratory) of 12.6 m X 8.5 m (107.1 [...] Read more.

Silver nanoparticles (Ag⁺NPs) contamination in the environment is a serious concern. This study investigated selected heavy metal (Ag⁺, Cd^2+, Cr²⁺ and Pb²⁺) concentrations at different sampling points to assess the risk to human health (infants, children, and adults). To do this, an enclosed area (laboratory) of 12.6 m X 8.5 m (107.1 m²) was clearly marked at different coded distances of S1, S2, S3, and S4 representing 2, 4, 6, and 8 m, while unpolluted atmosphere at 50 m away without Ag⁺NPs served as the control (S5). The silver fireworks were allowed to burn for an approximate 00h03m30s at each sampling points using a high-volume air sampler mounted at the Environmental Engineering Departmental Laboratory, Rivers State University, with windows and doors closed to simulate indoor conditions. Samples were digested using a mixture of analytical-grade nitric acid, analytical-grade hydrochloric acid and analyzed to evaluate the levels of heavy metals by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The Ag⁺ result at S1 shows 30,000 µg/cm³, S2 was 29,000 µg/cm³, while S3 was 28000 µg/cm³ and then S4 was 13,000 µg/cm³. These results exceeded the permissible values of the United States National Ambient Air Concentration for rural, urban and industrial areas (0.0005, 0.004 and 0.6 µg/cm³, respectively). The result for the control (S5) (0.037 µg/cm³) was within the maximum allowable value. Results from other heavy metals such as Cd were 1000, 743, 401, 153, 0.001 µg/cm³, Cr was 5000, 4000, 3729, 2960, 0.002 µg/cm³, Pb was 0.048, 0.041, 0.035, 0.034 and 0.01, µg/cm³, respectively. However, higher values of Ag⁺, Cd, and Cr indicated a higher propensity for the metals to be toxic (bioavailable). In addition, the assessment of the potential health risk posed by these metals proved contaminated and harmful. Visitors recorded high values in exposure concentration (EC) and low values in average daily dose (ADD).

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Open Access December 11, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Salsola tragus L. (Amaranthaceae) and Thymelaea gussonei Boreau (Thymelaeaceae): new records for the native vascular flora of Calabria (S-Italy) with some remarks about their taxonomy and distribution

Alberto Capuano, Giulia Montepaone, Valerio Lazzeri, Giuseppe Caruso

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 61-79. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.883

Abstract Recent field investigations, performed across some of the less floristically known sectors of Calabria, have led to the discovery of Salsola tragus and Thymelaea gussonei [...] Read more.

Recent field investigations, performed across some of the less floristically known sectors of Calabria, have led to the discovery of Salsola tragus and Thymelaea gussonei, two new species for the regional vascular flora. By providing crucial biogeographical and taxonomic remarks, this work aims to contribute to the improvement of the knowledge of the rich, diversified and still poorly known native flora of Calabria. The biogeographical value of these new findings underlines the decisive role of field survey in the enhancement of the information on regional biodiversity, the essential basis for every further ecological study and conservation effort.

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Open Access December 10, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Psychological Corollaries, Self-Care and Coping Behaviors of Healthcare Workers During COVID-19 Pandemic: An Integrative Review

Eduardo II A. Kabristante, Mark Joseph Asuncion, Elaine A. Lim, Ericson Batan, Ronnel Reyes, Ronalyn Topacio

World Journal of Nursing Research 2024, 3(1), 98-117. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2024.1200

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant psychological challenges to frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), including anxiety, stress, and emotional strain. Aim: This study investigates the psychological impact on HCWs during the pandemic and explores coping strategies employed to manage distress. Methods: An integrative review was conducted using 24 studies published [...] Read more.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant psychological challenges to frontline healthcare workers (HCWs), including anxiety, stress, and emotional strain. Aim: This study investigates the psychological impact on HCWs during the pandemic and explores coping strategies employed to manage distress. Methods: An integrative review was conducted using 24 studies published between January and December 2020. These studies were analyzed to identify common psychological outcomes and coping mechanisms among HCWs. Results: Healthcare workers experienced significant psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, including anxiety, stress, insomnia, and depression. Anxiety was the most commonly reported issue, particularly among women, younger healthcare workers, and frontline staff. Stress levels were heightened by high workloads, exposure to COVID-19 patients, and inadequate protective measures. Coping strategies and self-care behaviors, such as seeking social support and utilizing institutional resources, varied in effectiveness across populations. Conclusion: The findings highlight the urgent need for targeted mental health support and resilience programs for HCWs, ensuring they are better equipped to face future health crises.

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Open Access December 03, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Diabetes Nursing Education Its Implication Towards an Improved Quality of Life of Persons with Diabetes: A Systematic Review

Cherdel Marie T. Carrera, Cliff Richard T. Mabasa, Reggie Mae D. Jasmin, Dennis B. Brosola, Marijane V. Anacito, Melba C. Palcon, Mila C. Herrera, Vito D. Paje III

World Journal of Nursing Research 2024, 3(1), 86-97. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2024.1142

Abstract Background: Diabetes is a chronic global health issue that requires effective management to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Nursing education plays a critical role in empowering diabetic patients with self-management skills. Aim This systematic review evaluates the impact of diabetes-focused nursing education on patient outcomes and quality of life. Methods: This study [...] Read more.

Background: Diabetes is a chronic global health issue that requires effective management to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Nursing education plays a critical role in empowering diabetic patients with self-management skills. Aim This systematic review evaluates the impact of diabetes-focused nursing education on patient outcomes and quality of life. Methods: This study uses PRISMA guidelines and a systematic approach to identify and evaluate relevant literature. Results and Discussion: Among the 14 studies reviewed, eight emphasized self-management education, while four incorporated multidisciplinary approaches. Findings consistently demonstrated that structured nursing education programs significantly improved self-management behaviors, glycemic control, and patient knowledge. For instance, nurse-led self-management programs resulted in substantial enhancements in self-care skills and diabetes-related knowledge. Moreover, interventions that combined health education with psychological support were particularly effective, leading to better blood glucose control and increased adherence to treatment. Studies that examined quality of life reported reductions in anxiety, improved lifestyle habits, and better overall self-management. These findings highlight the multifaceted benefits of nursing education, suggesting that structured, supportive programs positively impact both clinical and psychological aspects of diabetes care. Conclusion: The review emphasizes the value of comprehensive nursing education that integrates both clinical guidance and psychological support for holistic diabetes management. Implications: Ongoing professional development and culturally sensitive education programs are recommended to address the diverse needs of diabetic patients. Future research should investigate the long-term effects of nursing education and explore innovative strategies to enhance diabetes management outcomes.

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Open Access November 26, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Impact of Classroom from the Primary Level of the Acquisition of English as a Second Language in Bangladesh

Jannatul Ferdous, Budrunnesa Shuchi, Musanna Afrin

Universal Journal of Literature and Linguistics 2024, 4(1), 83-94. DOI: 10.31586/ujll.2024.1122

Abstract This paper examines the impact of primary level classroom environments on the acquisition of English as a second language (L2) in Bangladesh, comparing English-medium and Bangla-medium schools. The study investigates how different instructional approaches and early exposure to English influence language proficiency among students. Through a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, [...] Read more.

This paper examines the impact of primary level classroom environments on the acquisition of English as a second language (L2) in Bangladesh, comparing English-medium and Bangla-medium schools. The study investigates how different instructional approaches and early exposure to English influence language proficiency among students. Through a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and proficiency tests, the research reveals significant differences in language acquisition outcomes between the two educational settings. Findings indicate that students in English-medium schools, who are exposed to Natural approach methods of language learning and immersive English-speaking environments, demonstrate higher proficiency in speaking and listening skills compared to their Bangla-medium counterparts, who primarily receive grammar-focused instruction. The study highlights the critical role of early exposure to English, with students who begin learning the language at a younger age showing better phonological and syntactic development. Additionally, the integration of technology in language teaching emerges as a valuable tool for enhancing language learning, particularly in contexts with limited classroom exposure. The research suggests that Bangla-medium schools could benefit from adopting more interactive, student-centered teaching methods and integrating digital tools to support practical language use. The study's findings have significant implications for educational policy, advocating for a shift towards more immersive and communicative teaching practices to improve English language acquisition in Bangladesh. This research contributes to the broader understanding of SLA and offers practical recommendations for enhancing language education in similar contexts.

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Open Access November 16, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Electrocution Cervical Myelopathy Presenting with Partial Brown Sequard Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Xhelili Malbora, Vyshka Gentian, Alimehmeti Ridvan, Kruja Jera

Global Journal of Medical Case Reports 2024, 4(1), 27-32. DOI: 10.31586/gjmcr.2024.1127

Abstract Background: Electrical injuries are underreported in literature, but they can affect the peripheral and central nervous system causing permanent disability. Aims and objectives: This case report aims to highlight cervical spinal cord injury secondary to electrocution, a rare cause of spinal cord injury. Case report: We report the case of a 54-year-old housewife who presented [...] Read more.

Background: Electrical injuries are underreported in literature, but they can affect the peripheral and central nervous system causing permanent disability. Aims and objectives: This case report aims to highlight cervical spinal cord injury secondary to electrocution, a rare cause of spinal cord injury. Case report: We report the case of a 54-year-old housewife who presented with transient loss of consciousness and right sided hemiparesis following electrocution, while at home. Results: The patient met clinical critera for partial Brown- Sequard syndrome, which to our knowledge, has not been previously reported. She showed significant improvement over a month and is currently under monitoring. Conclusions: Electrical injury is a rare cause of normal MRI myelopathy and the potential for immediate, delayed, and long- term neurological disability.

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Open Access November 15, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Wolf Warrior II: Subtitle Translation and Transcreation of China’s Identity and National Branding from an Intersemiotic-multimodal Approach

Lei Sha

Universal Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 2024, 4(2), 89-113. DOI: 10.31586/ujssh.2024.1117

Abstract The Chinese film Wolf Warrior II floats all the way at the domestic box office, and jumps into the top 100 of the world's film box office rankings. It has achieved great economic success and ratings are overwhelmingly positive in China. Nevertheless, in stark contrast to this, Wolf Warrior II [...] Read more.

The Chinese film Wolf Warrior II floats all the way at the domestic box office, and jumps into the top 100 of the world's film box office rankings. It has achieved great economic success and ratings are overwhelmingly positive in China. Nevertheless, in stark contrast to this, Wolf Warrior II is cold at the box office abroad, and the word of mouth is not satisfactory. Transcreation is the re-creation or adaptation of content for a group of specific target audience. As an inter-related process of translation, a successful and holistic transcreation can arouse the same emotions as well as connotations produced in the target language as the source language. There are different perspectives to detailed translation analysis of China’s identity as a prominent character of contemporary society. Insofar as this research probes into the branding and in subtitle translation, it also constructs a binary theoretical model based on triadic signs of intersemiotic translation and metafunctional framework of multimodal analysis to testify China’s core values in this film and beyond.

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Open Access November 15, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Education Does Not Equally Increase Financial Well-being for All

Shervin Assari, Hossein Zare, Amanda Sonnega

Journal of Social Mathematical & Human Engineering Sciences 2024, 3(1), 62-74. DOI: 10.31586/jsmhes.2024.1113

Abstract Background: Financial well-being is a key domain of overall well-being, encompassing an individual's ability to meet financial obligations, secure their financial future, and maintain a sense of financial freedom. Education is often viewed as a critical pathway to enhancing financial well-being. However, the returns of education on financial well-being are not uniform across racial, ethnic, [...] Read more.

Background: Financial well-being is a key domain of overall well-being, encompassing an individual's ability to meet financial obligations, secure their financial future, and maintain a sense of financial freedom. Education is often viewed as a critical pathway to enhancing financial well-being. However, the returns of education on financial well-being are not uniform across racial, ethnic, and nativity groups. The theory of Minorities’ Diminished Returns (MDRs) suggests that the positive effects of education on outcomes such as income and financial security are weaker for marginalized groups, including Black individuals, Latinos, and immigrants. Objective: This study examines the diminished returns of education on financial well-being among Black, Latino, and immigrant populations in the United States. We aim to investigate how structural inequalities contribute to weaker financial returns on education for these groups compared to their White and native-born counterparts. Methods: We utilized data from the Understanding America Study (UAS 2014) to conduct a cross-sectional analysis of adult respondents. The study assessed financial well-being outcomes (e.g., income, savings, and financial security) and their association with educational attainment across racial, ethnic, and nativity groups. Regression models were employed to test for interaction effects between education and race/ethnicity/nativity, adjusting for sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, employment, and family structure. Results: Our analysis included 8,121 individuals. The mean age of the respondents was 48 years (SD = 16). High education was associated with higher financial well-being (B = 1.284, 95% CI: 1.157, 1.410). The interaction terms between education and immigrant status (B = -0.507, 95% CI: -0.930, -0.084), race (Black) (B = -0.770, 95% CI: -1.208, -0.331), and ethnicity (Hispanic) (B = -0.589, 95% CI: -0.969, -0.210) were all significant, suggesting that immigrant, Black, and Hispanic individuals experience diminished returns on education in terms of financial well-being, relative to US-born non-Hispanic White individuals. The significant negative interactions between education and minority statuses (Black, Hispanic, and immigrant) indicate that while education generally improves financial well-being, the magnitude of this improvement is substantially smaller for these marginalized groups. Conclusion: Understanding how education translates to financial well-being across different racial, ethnic, and nativity groups is critical for addressing persistent financial disparities.

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Open Access November 05, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Effect of Different Processing Methods on Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content of Selected Indigenous Vegetables

Theresia Ponsiano Ngungulu, Alex Wenaty, Bernard Chove, Rashid Suleiman, Hadijah Mbwana

Universal Journal of Food Science and Technology 2024, 2(1), 60-72. DOI: 10.31586/ujfst.2024.1054

Abstract Foods rich in phytochemicals are well recognized for their role in the prevention of chronic disease development, in addition to fulfilling the nutrient requirements. However, different processing methods employed during preparation may affect their levels and functionality as they are sensitive to different processing parameters such as temperature and light. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three common processing methods; boiling, fermentation, and drying (sun and solar drying, with and without blanching), on total phenolic content and total flavonoid content in cassava (Manhot esculenta Crantz), black jack (Bidens pilosa) and bitter lettuce leaves (Launaea cornuta [...] Read more.

Foods rich in phytochemicals are well recognized for their role in the prevention of chronic disease development, in addition to fulfilling the nutrient requirements. However, different processing methods employed during preparation may affect their levels and functionality as they are sensitive to different processing parameters such as temperature and light. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of three common processing methods; boiling, fermentation, and drying (sun and solar drying, with and without blanching), on total phenolic content and total flavonoid content in cassava (Manhot esculenta Crantz), black jack (Bidens pilosa) and bitter lettuce leaves (Launaea cornuta) grown in Mkuranga District in the Eastern part of Tanzania. Total phenolic content and total flavonoid content were analyzed by using the spectrophotometric method with the use of Folin-Ciocalteu and Aluminum Chloride reagents, respectively. Total phenolic content ranged from 0.9±0.14 to 85.7 ± 0.56 mg Gallic Acid Equivalent (GAE)/100g and flavonoids ranged from 0.03±0.00 to 3.9±0.03 mg/100g across the treatments. Both parameters were adversely affected by fermentation and boiling, while solar and sun drying only reduced the flavonoid content. Results showed that direct solar and sun drying appear to be effective processing methods, for the retention and maintenance of total phenolic content in all samples while, none proved to be effective for flavonoid content.

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Open Access October 27, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Learners' Initial Conceptions in Science and School Performance

MEDOUGA MBALA Félicité Victorine

Open Journal of Educational Research 2024, 4(6), 336-352. DOI: 10.31586/ojer.2024.1095

Abstract The theme of the study that catches our attention is the initial conceptions of learners in Science and school performance; this theme is based on the competency-based approach in force in Cameroon, which is implemented in several African countries. Insofar as learning is not the accumulation of new knowledge but a cognitive reorganization of old knowledge experienced, it is therefore a question [...] Read more.

The theme of the study that catches our attention is the initial conceptions of learners in Science and school performance; this theme is based on the competency-based approach in force in Cameroon, which is implemented in several African countries. Insofar as learning is not the accumulation of new knowledge but a cognitive reorganization of old knowledge experienced, it is therefore a question of knowing what is the influence of initial conceptions on the academic performance of learners in science. The objective of this research was to show that taking into account the initial conceptions of learners, Biology “SVT” has a lasting influence on learning and thus on the academic performance of learners. To achieve this objective, the study uses the mixed and quasi-experimental method, where two groups of learners were used: a control group and an experimental group. The experimental group was subjected to the teaching-learning system designed for this purpose, and in which the initial conceptions of the learners were taken into account according to do with or go against. In the light of the different hypotheses adopted and the different results of this study, it can be observed that the didactic consideration of the learners' initial conceptions improves their academic performance through the data of the experimental group. In relation to the field of education, this study shows that in order to enable learners to learn and build knowledge in the long term, their initial conceptions must be taken into account in concrete didactics; Otherwise, learning will be sporadic, learners' conceptions will be significant, which will lead to a learning defect perceptible by school failure.

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Open Access October 19, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

The Impact of Extracurricular Activities on Learner's Achievement in EFL: A Study at Daffodil International University

Budrunnesa Shuchi, Jannatul Ferdous, Fahmi Hasan

Open Journal of Educational Research 2024, 4(6), 310-322. DOI: 10.31586/ojer.2024.1086

Abstract Extracurricular activities and academic performance are connected in every aspect of the education system. Daffodil International University is one of the top universities in Bangladesh that focuses on student improvement through extracurricular activities. Extracurricular activities help students improve skills like leadership, teamwork, and analytical abilities. Do extracurricular activities [...] Read more.

Extracurricular activities and academic performance are connected in every aspect of the education system. Daffodil International University is one of the top universities in Bangladesh that focuses on student improvement through extracurricular activities. Extracurricular activities help students improve skills like leadership, teamwork, and analytical abilities. Do extracurricular activities help English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students improve their academic performance? This evaluation aims to find out this question among Daffodil International University students. The study focused on both qualitative and quantitative data. Therefore, the data analysis followed a mixed method. The quantitative data focused on the students' participation in extracurricular activities. Respectively, the comparison between their participation and EFL course improvement. On the other hand, the qualitative data focused on the interviewee's experience. However, it's been proven that though extracurricular activities help students improve their other soft skills, they actually don't have as much impact on improving their EFL course curriculum performance.

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Open Access April 29, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Floristic composition of vascular epiphytes in a disturbed forest of the Douala- Edea National Park (Cameroon)

Jacques Bruno Ngotta Biyon, Constant Borel Kenfack, Seraphine Ebenye Mokake, Danielle Magloire Bell, Jean Lagarde Betti

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 29-42. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.701

Abstract The Douala-Edea National Park is a coastal protected area that opens to the Atlantic Ocean, and contains an abundant wildlife which finds a privilege habitat there, and certain taxa such as epiphytes, which are of particular interest for conservation. In many tropical forests, vascular epiphytes are one of the richest taxa, with major impacts on the nutrient and hydrological cycles. The aim of this research was to study the effect of the disturbance of habitat on the floristic composition of vascular epiphytes in the Douala-Edea National Park. This study was carried out between January - April 2021 in three types of disturbed habitats at the northern part of the park. Three plots of 100 m × 100 m dimensions were laid out across three ecosystems along the Sanaga river. The sampling method consisted in the direct observation of five adjacent transects of 100 m x 20 m dimensions inside each plot. Epiphytes species were evaluated on all trees of DBH ≥10 cm. Epiphytes' life-forms and the position on the host trees occupied by the epiphytes were also recorded. A total of 18 species belonging to 16 genera and 13 families were identified. Culcasia sp. was the most common species with a relative frequency of 30.27%. Biological indicators were represented by Ferns, with four species, and Orchidaceae, with one species. [...] Read more.

The Douala-Edea National Park is a coastal protected area that opens to the Atlantic Ocean, and contains an abundant wildlife which finds a privilege habitat there, and certain taxa such as epiphytes, which are of particular interest for conservation. In many tropical forests, vascular epiphytes are one of the richest taxa, with major impacts on the nutrient and hydrological cycles. The aim of this research was to study the effect of the disturbance of habitat on the floristic composition of vascular epiphytes in the Douala-Edea National Park. This study was carried out between January - April 2021 in three types of disturbed habitats at the northern part of the park. Three plots of 100 m × 100 m dimensions were laid out across three ecosystems along the Sanaga river. The sampling method consisted in the direct observation of five adjacent transects of 100 m x 20 m dimensions inside each plot. Epiphytes species were evaluated on all trees of DBH ≥10 cm. Epiphytes' life-forms and the position on the host trees occupied by the epiphytes were also recorded. A total of 18 species belonging to 16 genera and 13 families were identified. Culcasia sp. was the most common species with a relative frequency of 30.27%. Biological indicators were represented by Ferns, with four species, and Orchidaceae, with one species. The epiphytes species richness was highest in the low disturbed habitat (13 species), and lowest in the highly disturbed habitat (8 species). Strict epiphytes were highly recorded in the low disturbed habitat (6 species), and were absent in the highly disturbed habitat. Hemi-epiphytes were the commonest life-form (12 species) in the highly disturbed habitat, and have been defined as indicators of the perturbation of the habitat. Canopy was mostly sollicitated by epiphytes in the low disturbed habitat (66.25%) than the moderate disturbed habitat (49.85%), and highly disturbed habitat (30.66%). It has been found that the different forest sites have an influence on the typology of epiphytic species, and therefore, epiphytic flora should be managed for the conservation of the biodiversity in tropical forests.

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Open Access April 25, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Green spaces more adapted and resilient to the current and future climatic conditions in the south of Portugal (Algarve): Xerophytic gardens using xeromorphic succulents

Delisa Xarepe, Ricardo Quinto Canas, Carmelo Maria Musarella

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 16-28. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.884

Abstract Considering the current climate conjuncture, it is a consensus that green spaces in large contemporary urban areas should be increasingly more numerous and simultaneously more sustainable, being adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the site, and with reduced maintenance costs. In the case of Algarve, where this research is focused, the current and future water availability, assumes a [...] Read more.

Considering the current climate conjuncture, it is a consensus that green spaces in large contemporary urban areas should be increasingly more numerous and simultaneously more sustainable, being adapted to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the site, and with reduced maintenance costs. In the case of Algarve, where this research is focused, the current and future water availability, assumes a preponderant role in the design of green spaces, where the demands mentioned above can only be achieved if we deviate from conventional landscape practices and develop holistic strategies of management and design of green spaces that integrate different areas of knowledge and not merely aesthetic issues. In this context, this work aims to develop more adapted and resilient landscaping practices to the current and future climatic conditions of the Algarve, thus reinventing the concept of landscaping in the south of Portugal. Thus, it will be of paramount importance to develop more sustainable, resilient and tolerant projects to worsening ecological conditions, particularly limitations associated with water availability. The xeromorphic succulents are a group of plants with mechanisms of tolerance to water stress and with very specific characteristics, being succulence one of the most relevant. Studies on these mechanisms are increasingly frequent, which may prove to be very advantageous in our adaptation to future climatic challenges. In addition, their ornamental potential is enormous, since their bold forms and colours are a veritable sensory explosion, which, combined with their morphological and physiological characteristics, make them the species of choice in the reconversion or creation of xerophytic gardens.

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Open Access March 08, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Analysis of Toxic Contaminants in Agriculture: Educational Strategies to Avoid Their Influence on Food

Ana Cano-Ortiz, José Carlos Piñar Fuentes, Eusebio Cano

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2024, 4(1), 1-15. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2024.718

Abstract A diagnosis of the current state of the crops is made regarding the control of weeds, use of pesticides, fungicides; with an assessment of the state of the plant covers in the crop, and its control by different types of herbicides, and we detected a high loss of biological diversity; and some of these compounds are mentioned due to their high toxicity. Similarly, the use of pesticides and [...] Read more.

A diagnosis of the current state of the crops is made regarding the control of weeds, use of pesticides, fungicides; with an assessment of the state of the plant covers in the crop, and its control by different types of herbicides, and we detected a high loss of biological diversity; and some of these compounds are mentioned due to their high toxicity. Similarly, the use of pesticides and fungicides is discussed due to their repercussions on health. In order to avoid the unhealthiness caused by the applications of these products, phytosanitary and educational control strategies are proposed; promoting the inspection of fruit and vegetable markets, and modifying the contents in higher professional and university education. To this end, we propose an active teaching methodology, through which the student acquires skills and responsibility for the use of chemical agents in agriculture, which serves to prevent the entry of these contaminants into the food chain. Of the different polluting chemical agents, in the case of herbicides we highlight Oxyfluorfen and Glyphosate with high toxicity and whose consumption is very high. In the case of pesticides and fungicides, among others are Organochlorine compounds, which have been detected in blood, and Carbon Tetrachloride and Chloroform, considered potent hepatotoxic and neurotoxic. The basic objective of this study is the awareness and acquisition of knowledge by future teachers about polluting agents, which will subsequently have an impact on society.

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Open Access March 06, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Liver Cancer: A Psychological CBT Group Intervention Possibility Based on Scientific Review

Luísa Soares, Matilde Silva

World Journal of Cancer and Oncology Research 2024, 3(1), 1-12. DOI: 10.31586/wjcor.2024.833

Abstract This article focuses on primary liver cancer and tries to present a possible CBT-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy group intervention of 6 sessions and a follow up based on a scientific review. We present an international national data analyze of the problem and characterize it in terms of symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. From the psychological point of view our goal is to show and reflect on the [...] Read more.

This article focuses on primary liver cancer and tries to present a possible CBT-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy group intervention of 6 sessions and a follow up based on a scientific review. We present an international national data analyze of the problem and characterize it in terms of symptoms, diagnosis and treatment. From the psychological point of view our goal is to show and reflect on the connection between theory and practice in research mental health and the quality of life of people suffering from liver cancer. CBT interventions programme have shown efficacy and effectiveness on improving quality of life of patients. The expected outcomes of CBT intervention are mainly a better adaptation to cancer and a better perception on quality of live.

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Review Article

Open Access March 05, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Culture Shock in Nursing: A Concept Analysis

Mary Miliza Dagus, Vanessa Lacambra, Judith Magalona, Janette Mindanao, Roison Andro Narvaez, Myra Katrina Paredes

World Journal of Nursing Research 2024, 3(1), 1-35. DOI: 10.31586/wjnr.2024.898

Abstract 1) Background: Culture shock is a common experience by internationally educated nurses (IENs) working in foreign countries, characterized by disorientation and discomfort due to distinct norms, values, and rituals. 2) Aim: this study explores culture shock in IENs and explores mitigation techniques to enhance understanding of challenges faced in foreign cultural contexts. [...] Read more.

1) Background: Culture shock is a common experience by internationally educated nurses (IENs) working in foreign countries, characterized by disorientation and discomfort due to distinct norms, values, and rituals. 2) Aim: this study explores culture shock in IENs and explores mitigation techniques to enhance understanding of challenges faced in foreign cultural contexts. 3) Method: Using Concept Analysis by Walker and Avant (2019). 4) Results: A total of 20 articles were reviewed. Four major attributes were identified: psychological and emotional impact, communication barriers, acculturation and quality of life, and organizational challenges. 5) Conclusion: This paper explores the challenges faced by nurses from foreign countries due to cultural adjustment and proposes solutions to minimize its effects. It is beneficial for nurses, healthcare organizations, and policymakers, aiming to improve patient care and health outcomes. 6) Implication for Practice: Addressing culture shock can promote a smooth transition, enhance nurses' experience, and improve their cultural competence. Providing tailored orientation and mentorship programs can help IENs feel supported and empowered, leading to increased job satisfaction, retention rates, and better patient outcomes.

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Open Access March 05, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of roasted maize-peanut product (Zowey) and its potential to alleviate oxidative stress

Martin Adarkwah-Yiadom, Alexander Weremfo, Daniel Awuah, Franklin Brian Apea-Bah

Universal Journal of Food Science and Technology 2024, 2(1), 1-13. DOI: 10.31586/ujfst.2024.865

Abstract Background: The study of phenolic compounds and their potential to contribute to health is a major interest in research. This work was to determine phenolic compound contents as well as antioxidant properties of roasted maize-peanut snack product with and without spices. Methods: HPLC was used to determine the phenolic composition of the maize flours, peanut flour and their composite [...] Read more.

Background: The study of phenolic compounds and their potential to contribute to health is a major interest in research. This work was to determine phenolic compound contents as well as antioxidant properties of roasted maize-peanut snack product with and without spices. Methods: HPLC was used to determine the phenolic composition of the maize flours, peanut flour and their composite snacks with and without spices. Total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), tannin content (TC) and radical scavenging activity (measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis (3- ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonicacid) (ABTS) and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assays was also used. Results: TPC of the extract of roasted maize flour, roasted peanut flour and composite roasted maize-peanut flour ranged from 48.93 to 178.31 mg GAE/100 g, while the TFC was 3.18–25.94 mg CE/100 g and TC (0.22 – 0.73 mg CE/g). The dominant phenolic acid was protocatechuic acid ranged from 13.73 to 1643.54 µg/g. Among the flavonoids, quercetin and catechin were dominant. The extracts of the free soluble fraction exhibited 23.88 – 81.52 %, 49.59 – 85.17 % and 0.58 -5.13 µmol AAE/g of DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and ABTS radical scavenging abilities respectively. Conclusion: Maize–peanut product showed potential ability in contributing to alleviating radical induced oxidative stress.

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Open Access February 27, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Clinical characteristics of patients with multiple respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic period

Masafumi Seki, Haruki Naruse, Yuto Suga, Sachi Tanaka, Sachie Koyama, Noriyuki Watanabe, Kotaro Mitsutake

World Journal of Medical Microbiology 2024, 3(1), 1-3. DOI: 10.31586/wjmm.2024.889

Abstract Respiratory virus co-infections have been suggested to happen frequently and exacerbate patients’ conditions, but little is known about the detailed rates and the combinations of viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic period. A total of 255 symptomatic patients who underwent multiplex PCR tests were analyzed, and it was found that 6 (6/255=2.4%) patients were infected with multiple viruses. The [...] Read more.

Respiratory virus co-infections have been suggested to happen frequently and exacerbate patients’ conditions, but little is known about the detailed rates and the combinations of viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic period. A total of 255 symptomatic patients who underwent multiplex PCR tests were analyzed, and it was found that 6 (6/255=2.4%) patients were infected with multiple viruses. The patients ranged in age from 1 to 38 years, and one female patient was pregnant. Of the 6 patients, 4 had fever, and 5 had human rhinovirus/enterovirus and another virus. These data suggested that the rate of respiratory virus co-infection was low, and the combination of SAS-CoV-2 and other viruses was rare even during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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Commentary

Open Access February 26, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

A Case of Early Initiation of Veno-venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygen in Morbid Obesity with Severe Legionella Pneumonia

Ayumu Masuoka, Masafumi Seki, Futoshi Kotajima, Ryosuke Tsuchiya, Hiroshi Ogawa, Yoshitaka Inoue, Manabu Nemoto, Masahito Kaji

Global Journal of Medical Case Reports 2024, 4(1), 9-13. DOI: 10.31586/gjmcr.2024.890

Abstract We present a case of a critically ill patient with severe Legionella pneumonia complicated by morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m²) who was successfully treated with early initiation of veno-venous ECMO (V-V-ECMO) without any sequelae. The patient, a 48-year-old male, initially presented with symptoms of a sore throat, fever, significant fatigue, and decreased appetite. Upon diagnosis of [...] Read more.

We present a case of a critically ill patient with severe Legionella pneumonia complicated by morbid obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m²) who was successfully treated with early initiation of veno-venous ECMO (V-V-ECMO) without any sequelae. The patient, a 48-year-old male, initially presented with symptoms of a sore throat, fever, significant fatigue, and decreased appetite. Upon diagnosis of severe pneumonia complicated by morbid obesity, he was transferred to our hospital for further management. Upon admission, he was promptly intubated and placed on mechanical ventilation. Due to a positive urinary Legionella antigen test indicating a risk of deterioration, V-V ECMO was initiated immediately after intubation. During ECMO support, the patient received Levofloxacin Hydrate at 500 mg/day and Prednisolone Sodium Succinate at 100 mg/day. He was successfully weaned off ECMO after 12 days and transferred back to the referring hospital on day 20. While ECMO therapy for morbidly obese patients was traditionally considered relatively contraindicated, this case suggest that obesity alone is not a contraindication to initiating ECMO.

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Case Report

Open Access February 17, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

An Overview of Short- and Long-Term Adverse Outcomes and Complications of Perinatal Depression on Mother and Offspring

Wafaa Mohamed Korany, Diaa Marzouk Abd el-Hamid, Mohamed Farouk Allam

Universal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2024, 3(1), 1-4. DOI: 10.31586/ujog.2024.870

Abstract Antenatal and postpartum major depressive episode (MDE) according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition (DSM-V) is defined as either daily sustained sad mood or lack of enjoyment or desire for a minimum two weeks plus four associated manifestations (only three if the two major symptoms are present) that start throughout pregnancy or during the first 4 weeks [...] Read more.

Antenatal and postpartum major depressive episode (MDE) according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition (DSM-V) is defined as either daily sustained sad mood or lack of enjoyment or desire for a minimum two weeks plus four associated manifestations (only three if the two major symptoms are present) that start throughout pregnancy or during the first 4 weeks postpartum respectively: 1) Unintentional notable slimming up or down; 2) Sleepiness or sleeplessness; 3) Tiredness sensation; 4) Guilty or futility sensation; 5) Declined concentration capacity; 6) Frequent suicidal thoughts; 7) Psychomotor excitation or delay. Perinatal depression carries vital and adverse consequences on mother’s psychosocial aspects of life, pregnancy and delivery outcomes, her interrelations specifically with the new born with poorer overall health and influences negatively on offspring from the intrauterine life passing by complicated delivery experiencing hard unstable childhood reaching unhealthy adolescence and adulthood. These negative consequences necessitate a great attention for prevention, screening and prompt treatment for antenatal and postnatal depression to prevent such disastrous effects.

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Brief Review

Open Access January 04, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitors for adult patients with influenza: the use of baloxavir marboxil

Masafumi Seki

Open Journal of Medical Sciences 2024, 4(1), 1-5. DOI: 10.31586/ojms.2024.852

Abstract Baloxavir marboxil (BXM) is a novel anti-influenza agent that developed in Japan and inhibit the cap endonuclease specifically, and suggested the more clinical effectiveness in influenza. BXM reduces viral shedding more than do neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), and its clinical efficacy is equivalent to that of NAIs but is superior to that of NAIs in the case of type B influenza. BXM does not [...] Read more.

Baloxavir marboxil (BXM) is a novel anti-influenza agent that developed in Japan and inhibit the cap endonuclease specifically, and suggested the more clinical effectiveness in influenza. BXM reduces viral shedding more than do neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), and its clinical efficacy is equivalent to that of NAIs but is superior to that of NAIs in the case of type B influenza. BXM does not demonstrate any issues with safety, and treatment with BXM reduces the incidences of complicating sinusitis and bronchitis. Prophylactic administration of BXM inhibits intrafamilial transmission of influenza although low susceptible viruses with a PA/I38X substitution are isolated with a certain frequency following administration of BXM. Finally, In influenza treatment for patients aged 12−19 years and for adult outpatients, BXM can be used with the same recommendation level as oseltamivir.

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Open Access January 03, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Inflammatory Bowel Disease associated with Intestinal Malrotation

Kafia Belhocine, Kamel Hail

Global Journal of Medical Case Reports 2024, 4(1), 1-8. DOI: 10.31586/gjmcr.2024.849

Abstract Intestinal malrotation is an embryological abnormality modifying the classic anatomy of the small and large bowels, particularly the topographical one. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterised by anatomical lesions with preferential intestinal tropism. These two conditions are rarely associated. They represent a real diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to the overlap of non-specific [...] Read more.

Intestinal malrotation is an embryological abnormality modifying the classic anatomy of the small and large bowels, particularly the topographical one. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterised by anatomical lesions with preferential intestinal tropism. These two conditions are rarely associated. They represent a real diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to the overlap of non-specific symptoms and the complexity of the clinical management. We report the case of a young woman presenting with a flare-up of her IBD and a partial common mesentery syndrome. Clinicians should be aware of the potential pitfalls of the two entities to propose the adequate therapeutic strategy regarding the full understanding of the anatomy, notably when surgery is needed.

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Open Access January 02, 2024 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Constructability and Rigor of Angles Multiples of 3 in Euclidean Geometry

Alex Mwololo Kimuya

Journal of Mathematics Letters 2024, 2(1), 1-27. DOI: 10.31586/jml.2024.841

Abstract This paper investigates the constructability of angles multiples of 3 within the framework of Euclidean geometry. It makes a significant contribution by presenting the first geometric construction for all such angles, offering a rigorous solution to a longstanding geometric problem. The paper reaffirms the efficacy of Euclidean geometry in providing precise constructions and robust proofs for [...] Read more.

This paper investigates the constructability of angles multiples of 3 within the framework of Euclidean geometry. It makes a significant contribution by presenting the first geometric construction for all such angles, offering a rigorous solution to a longstanding geometric problem. The paper reaffirms the efficacy of Euclidean geometry in providing precise constructions and robust proofs for these angles, demonstrating the enduring strength of Euclidean principles from classical to modern times. The presented workflow goes beyond Euclidean geometry to examine non-Euclidean methods, particularly analytical approaches, revealing misconceptions that compromise the genetic and geometric rigor of Euclidean principles. The paper exposes incongruities when algebraic proofs related to angle constructability are applied to the Euclidean system, emphasizing the misalignment of fundamental geometric concepts. A notable result in the paper is the construction of a angle, introducing the “ angle chord” as a novel geometric property. This property challenges assumptions made by non-Euclidean methods and highlights the nuanced geometric properties crucial for rigorous constructions. The paper refutes the fallacy of relying solely on algebra for solutions to angles multiples of , emphasizing the necessity of embracing Euclidean geometry for geometric discoveries. The paper underscores the merits and resilience of Euclidean geometry, showcasing its independence and depth across historical and modern perspectives. The newly presented geometric construction not only resolves a longstanding question but also emphasizes the intrinsic strength and uniqueness of Euclidean principles in contrast to alternative methodologies.

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Open Access December 25, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

An Appraisal of International Students Retention and Graduation at Northern Arizona University

Mavis Gyesi

Open Journal of Educational Research 2023, 3(4), 215-227. DOI: 10.31586/ojer.2023.824

Abstract The Internationalization of higher education has plummeted since the 2010 tightening of migration policies. This study aims to examine the retention and graduation rates of international students at Northern Arizona University (NAU). Using a quantitative analysis approach, the study utilized secondary data from the Center for International Admission and Recruitment Office at NAU to examine the [...] Read more.

The Internationalization of higher education has plummeted since the 2010 tightening of migration policies. This study aims to examine the retention and graduation rates of international students at Northern Arizona University (NAU). Using a quantitative analysis approach, the study utilized secondary data from the Center for International Admission and Recruitment Office at NAU to examine the university’s recruitment, graduation, and retention strategies. The aim was to evaluate the impact of internationalization strategies on application and enrolment numbers. The study sample consisted over 2000 international students from fourteen countries, including China, India, Vietnam, Kuwait, Nepal, Ghana, Nigeria, United Kingdom, Spain, Germany, Canada, Mexico, France, and Iran in four cultural groups (Asia, Europe, Africa, and North America). A random sampling technique was used to select these countries partly because of their highest applications, enrolment numbers, as well as their adoption of recruitment strategies like those used by higher education institutions in the United States. A descriptive graphic representation, focusing on full-time undergraduate students during fall semesters, specifically freshmen international students, is illustrated. To facilitate a cross-country comparison of international students, this study presents an analysis of retention and graduation data across different countries spanning the past five years, from 2016 to 2020.

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Open Access December 19, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Conservation of Cuabal from Community Environmental Education: Results of an Implemented Proposal

Yaima Mederos Jiménez, Georgina del Pilar Castro Acevedo, Anaiky Yanelín Borges Machín

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(2), 36-69. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.728

Abstract The spiny xeromorphic shrublands on serpentine (cuabales) constitute outstanding plant formations for the conservation of Cuban biodiversity, due to their floristic richness, high number of endemic species and local endemism, as well as their economic, social, cultural value and functions environmental. In the Callejón de Los Patos of Santa Clara, there are relicts of cuabal, although they show a [...] Read more.

The spiny xeromorphic shrublands on serpentine (cuabales) constitute outstanding plant formations for the conservation of Cuban biodiversity, due to their floristic richness, high number of endemic species and local endemism, as well as their economic, social, cultural value and functions environmental. In the Callejón de Los Patos of Santa Clara, there are relicts of cuabal, although they show a high level of deterioration due to human activity. This article presents the main results of an investigation, which focused on implementing actions for the development of Community Environmental Education, with emphasis on the conservation of cuabal, in Callejón de Los Patos. For the intervention process, the Community Self-Development Methodology was used, which is qualitative par excellence, and the investigative methods: document analysis, participant observation, in-depth, group and structured interviews, drawing directed, the reflective group, techniques group and triangulation of data. The main results of the research are: the diagnosis and implementation of actions, designed from the process of Community Environmental Education, which was developed at the Carlos Manuel de Céspedes National Rural School, of said settlement. During the intervention process, the development of cognitive, procedural and attitudinal knowledge for the conservation of cuabal was verified in the schoolchildren, contributing to the strengthening of the school as the most important cultural center of the community, as aspired in the Cuban National Education System.

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Open Access December 13, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Is a Mexico-China Competition Emerging in US Supply Chains? A Comparative Perspective

Shuo Shi, Hanzhen Ouyang

Universal Journal of Finance and Economics 2023, 3(1), 19-31. DOI: 10.31586/ujfe.2023.821

Abstract With the current sources of US supply chains being more diversified than before, China’s share in US goods imports is declining while Mexico becomes the largest exporter to the US market in 2023. However, can Mexico use this trade diversion to successfully outweigh China in US supply chains? This paper thus investigates whether the Mexico manufacturing sector is competitive enough to completely [...] Read more.

With the current sources of US supply chains being more diversified than before, China’s share in US goods imports is declining while Mexico becomes the largest exporter to the US market in 2023. However, can Mexico use this trade diversion to successfully outweigh China in US supply chains? This paper thus investigates whether the Mexico manufacturing sector is competitive enough to completely replace its Chinese counterparts and rise to a strategically vital supplier for the US economy. Based on multiple empirical evidence, we find that although US supply chain sources are shifting from China to Mexico, the major part of the value added of Mexican exports to the US market is generated in China. Moreover, our evidence shows that Mexico’s exports to the US concentrate on low-skill sectors, while China’s mainly consists of high-skill goods. Further discussion shows that the current US trade shift is highly likely due to China’s FDI inflows to Mexico’s traditionally strong export sector, motor vehicles. However, this shift is not significant enough for Mexico to become a capable substitute for China in the US supply chains. We conclude that the "trade diversion" strategy alone cannot support Mexico’s role in reducing the US supply chain dependence on China. Therefore, the US should better consider how to establish a sustainable trade framework that fosters stable cooperation with China.

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Open Access December 12, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Threatened Wildlife for an Instructional Approach about Biodiversity Conservation

Antonio J. Mendoza-Fernández, Leticia Arnao, Candelaria Carretero, Fabián Martínez-Hernández, José M. Sánchez Robles

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(1), 47-60. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.693

Abstract Biodiversity is related to a global problem: its destruction, a fact supported by scientific authorities. It is not trivial that educational dimension has been contemplated as one of the strategies for its conservation. Since 1992 global initiatives such as the Convention on Biological Diversity postulates concepts that linked education and nature conservation. The main objective of this research work is to test the level of assimilation of extracurricular scientific knowledge by primary school pupils. The method chosen for the content was, on the one hand, a master class intervention with an interactive presentation on a digital whiteboard. Third cases were chosen. Each case consisted of a presentation of the current status of a species of fauna present in Spain. On the second part, students were asked to write an essay and to illustrate the experience during the presentation. Regarding the essays, students showed that they were more attracted to the first species that was presented (Iberian lynx) in a proportion of over 45% of cases. The “Endangered species” concept appeared in more than 77% of the texts reviewed. In terms of drawings, almost 55% of the responses seem to devote more attention to the second species described (Testudo graeca [...] Read more.

Biodiversity is related to a global problem: its destruction, a fact supported by scientific authorities. It is not trivial that educational dimension has been contemplated as one of the strategies for its conservation. Since 1992 global initiatives such as the Convention on Biological Diversity postulates concepts that linked education and nature conservation. The main objective of this research work is to test the level of assimilation of extracurricular scientific knowledge by primary school pupils. The method chosen for the content was, on the one hand, a master class intervention with an interactive presentation on a digital whiteboard. Third cases were chosen. Each case consisted of a presentation of the current status of a species of fauna present in Spain. On the second part, students were asked to write an essay and to illustrate the experience during the presentation. Regarding the essays, students showed that they were more attracted to the first species that was presented (Iberian lynx) in a proportion of over 45% of cases. The “Endangered species” concept appeared in more than 77% of the texts reviewed. In terms of drawings, almost 55% of the responses seem to devote more attention to the second species described (Testudo graeca). An attempt was made to offer rigorous, structured information related to different aspects of natural reality in order to contemplate the broadest possible vision. The example of an instructional intervention presented here aims to be an alternative to other transmissive teaching models. Likewise, the linking of abstract concepts with socio-cultural reality proved to be a successful strategy to reinforce knowledge about natural biodiversity, endangered species or threat factors.

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Open Access November 10, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

New records for the alien vascular flora of Calabria (S-Italy)

Alberto Capuano, Giuseppe Caruso

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(2), 1-35. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.723

Abstract While alien organisms, vascular plants included, are progressively increasing their worldwide impact on habitats, the present research confirms a similar dangerous trend for Calabria, the southernmost and floristically richest region of Italian Peninsula. The set of additional alien taxa here recorded for the vascular flora of Calabria includes: Acacia melanoxylon, Bidens subalternans, Buddleja davidii, Cucurbita moschata, Cyclospermum leptophyllum, Erigeron annuus subsp. annuus, Hesperocyparis glabra, Ligustrum ovalifolium, Mahonia aquifolium, Morus indica, Oenothera speciosa, Prunus serotina, Pyracantha fortuneana, Rudbeckia laciniata, Solanum nitidibaccatum, Sparaxis bulbifera, Tradescantia cerinthoides, [...] Read more.

While alien organisms, vascular plants included, are progressively increasing their worldwide impact on habitats, the present research confirms a similar dangerous trend for Calabria, the southernmost and floristically richest region of Italian Peninsula. The set of additional alien taxa here recorded for the vascular flora of Calabria includes: Acacia melanoxylon, Bidens subalternans, Buddleja davidii, Cucurbita moschata, Cyclospermum leptophyllum, Erigeron annuus subsp. annuus, Hesperocyparis glabra, Ligustrum ovalifolium, Mahonia aquifolium, Morus indica, Oenothera speciosa, Prunus serotina, Pyracantha fortuneana, Rudbeckia laciniata, Solanum nitidibaccatum, Sparaxis bulbifera, Tradescantia cerinthoides, Ulmus pumila. These additional 18 taxa bring the total number of alien species from 382 to 400. The most represented biological forms are scapose therophyte and scapose phanerophyte with 5 species (27.8% of the total). The most frequent biogeographic origins of the surveyed species are North America (6 species; 33.3%), followed by Asia and South America both with 4 species (22.2%). The most common habitats hosting the recorded alien taxa are roadsides (8 species; 44.4%), although all surveyed plants have been found in deeply anthropized environments. The altitude of occurrence, extending 3 to 1,286 m a.s.l., together with other ecological data provided, demonstrate the ability of aliens to potentially colonize a wide range of environments in the region.

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Open Access November 28, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Breast Cancer: A Review on Quality of Life, Body Image and Environmental Sustainability

Luísa Soares, Lúcia Carolina Correia Silva

World Journal of Cancer and Oncology Research 2023, 2(2), 133-144. DOI: 10.31586/wjcor.2023.826

Abstract Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, with approximately two million new cases every year. The number of cases increases despite the high survival rate. The aim of this study is, therefore, to understand this cancer by finding out what has been studied in this area using scientific evidence published between 2003 and 2023. A search was therefore carried out for scientific [...] Read more.

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women worldwide, with approximately two million new cases every year. The number of cases increases despite the high survival rate. The aim of this study is, therefore, to understand this cancer by finding out what has been studied in this area using scientific evidence published between 2003 and 2023. A search was therefore carried out for scientific articles and other relevant sources on the subject with free access, and 48 documents were then analyzed. According to the analysis, many studies have been conducted in the area, particularly on quality of life and body image. However, little has been done in terms of environmental sustainability and breast cancer.

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Review Article

Open Access November 27, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Physico-chemical and sensory characterization of bread based on green banana (Musa spp.) flour

Abel Alberto Massingue Júnior, Angélica Agostinho Machalela, Felícia Natalino Djedje, Rafael Francisco Nanelo

Universal Journal of Food Science and Technology 2023, 1(1), 56-70. DOI: 10.31586/ujfst.2023.817

Abstract The banana (Musa spp. [...] Read more.

The banana (Musa spp.) is a tropical fruit with excellent sensory characteristics in terms of aroma, flavor and texture, consumed worldwide and exploited in most tropical countries. Green banana flour is rich in flavonoids, which protect the gastric mucosa, has a high content of resistant starch, which acts in the body as a dietary fiber and thus has health benefits, and is an alternative option for bakery products, reducing waste of both the peel and the pulp. The aim of this study was to develop bread formulations with partial substitution of wheat flour with green banana flour (FBV), thus increasing the nutritional, technological and sensory value. 4 formulations, (A), standard sample; (B), bread with 10% FBV; (C), bread with 15% FBV and (D), bread with 20% FBV. Physico-chemical quality was assessed in terms of moisture content by drying at 105ºC, ash by incineration, fat by the Soxhlet method, protein by the biuret method, carbohydrates by difference calculation and calorific value by sum calculation and sensory analysis by affective methods. The data was evaluated using the RStudio 4.2.1 DCC statistical package. There were no significant differences in moisture content, lipids and calorific value. Differences were evident in the ash and protein content. Sensory acceptance of the standard formulation was 82.22%. The results obtained show that green banana flour can be used as a partial substitute for wheat flour to produce breads with functional properties.

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Open Access November 20, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Ensitrelvir improved SARS-CoV-2 viral titers of COVID-19 patients refractory to remdesivir

Masafumi Seki, Kotaro Mitsutake, Atsuko Shimizu, Daisuke Honda, Ken Ishigami, Mitsuko Yamanaka, Yasuhiro Kuwata, Genji Ueda, Kazunori Enami

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2023, 3(1), 27-31. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2023.796

Abstract Background: The titers of SARS-COV-2 antigens are frequently used as markers of viral activity and threshold for release from quarantine and treatment. COVID-19 patients were treated with several antiviral agents, including remdesivir (RDV) and ensitrelvir (ESV), which is a novel anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent recently suggested to have strong antiviral activity. Cases: We present the cases [...] Read more.

Background: The titers of SARS-COV-2 antigens are frequently used as markers of viral activity and threshold for release from quarantine and treatment. COVID-19 patients were treated with several antiviral agents, including remdesivir (RDV) and ensitrelvir (ESV), which is a novel anti-SARS-CoV-2 agent recently suggested to have strong antiviral activity. Cases: We present the cases of two patients whose SARS-CoV-2 antigens were successfully decreased by oral administration of ESV after they could not be decreased by RDV drip infusion. Case 1 was a 74-year-old man who was admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection and had been infected by the virus a month earlier and relapsed twice. He had been treated with rituximab for diffuse B cell lymphoma and not received vaccination for SARS-CoV-2. RDV was administered intravenously two weeks earlier and again 4 days earlier, but it failed to control the infection, and he was transferred to our hospital (day 1). Intravenous RDV was restarted on day 1, but viral antigens remained high until day 5. The RDV was then switched to oral ESV, and viral antigen titers were successfully decreased on days 8, 10, and 12. Case 2 was an 81-year-old man who was admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection on day 0. He had heart failure and diabetes mellitus, and had not received vaccination for SARS-CoV-2. Intravenous RDV was started on day 1, but viral antigens were still high until day 8. He was then switched from RDV to oral ESV, and viral antigen titers were successfully decreased on day 11. Conclusions: These cases suggest that ESV might be more effective than RDV for reducing viral activity, and it is easy to administer orally.

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Case Series

Open Access November 10, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Bioremediation of Heavy Metals in Crude Oil-Contaminated Utisol, Using Nutrient Formulate Produced from Jatropha tanjorensis Leaf Extract

Unyeawaji Brownson Ntesat, Chinwendu Emeka, Daniella Queen Edward

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(1), 37-46. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.688

Abstract This work evaluated the bioremediation potential of Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract at different masses (250g, 500g and 750g) over a 40-day period. To achieve this, crude oil contamination of sandy loam soil was stimulated in twelve plastic reactors containing fixed masses of soil (4kg each) of topsoil homogenized with 500g of Bonny light crude oil. The Jatropha tanjorensis leaves were cultivated, rinsed with distilled water, blended, and purified by filtration. The leaf extract was applied at the stated concentrations including a control reactor (without leaf extract). The plastics reactors were kept in an open air shielded away from rainfall. The physicochemical characteristics determined were particle size distribution (PSD), potential of hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), organic carbon (OC), selected heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Zn, Pb) and sample management were all in line with standard procedure. After 40 days of treatment, results obtained showed that plastic reactor with 750g of leaf extract produced the highest amount of cadmium reduction of 97% (from an initial of and there was significant difference among treatment (P < 0.05). The sequence of reduction among treatment was 750g > 500g > 250g of the leaf extract. Chromium, Lead and zinc followed similar trend. Thus, the Jatropha tanjorensis [...] Read more.

This work evaluated the bioremediation potential of Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract at different masses (250g, 500g and 750g) over a 40-day period. To achieve this, crude oil contamination of sandy loam soil was stimulated in twelve plastic reactors containing fixed masses of soil (4kg each) of topsoil homogenized with 500g of Bonny light crude oil. The Jatropha tanjorensis leaves were cultivated, rinsed with distilled water, blended, and purified by filtration. The leaf extract was applied at the stated concentrations including a control reactor (without leaf extract). The plastics reactors were kept in an open air shielded away from rainfall. The physicochemical characteristics determined were particle size distribution (PSD), potential of hydrogen (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter (OM), organic carbon (OC), selected heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Zn, Pb) and sample management were all in line with standard procedure. After 40 days of treatment, results obtained showed that plastic reactor with 750g of leaf extract produced the highest amount of cadmium reduction of 97% (from an initial of and there was significant difference among treatment (P < 0.05). The sequence of reduction among treatment was 750g > 500g > 250g of the leaf extract. Chromium, Lead and zinc followed similar trend. Thus, the Jatropha tanjorensis leaf extract has the potential to ameliorate crude oil-contaminated soil.

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Open Access November 03, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Mathematical Modeling of the Price Volatility of Maize and Sorghum between 1960 and 2022

Samuel Olorunfemi Adams, Mohammed Anono Zubair, Michael Franklin Ezike

Journal of Mathematics Letters 2023, 1(1), 38-56. DOI: 10.31586/jml.2023.801

Abstract The price of grains like maize and sorghum is subject to significant fluctuations, which can have a significant impact on a country's economy and food security. The aim of the study is to model sorghum and maize price volatility in Nigeria. The data utilized in the study was extracted from World Bank Commodity Price Data (WBCPD), 2022. The data consists of monthly prices in nominal US dollars for [...] Read more.

The price of grains like maize and sorghum is subject to significant fluctuations, which can have a significant impact on a country's economy and food security. The aim of the study is to model sorghum and maize price volatility in Nigeria. The data utilized in the study was extracted from World Bank Commodity Price Data (WBCPD), 2022. The data consists of monthly prices in nominal US dollars for maize and sorghum from January 1960 – August 2022. The Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (ARCH) and Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) models were utilized for capturing the two-grain price volatility. Two types of conditional heteroscedastic models exist, the first group uses exact functions to control the evolution of , while the second group describes with stochastic equations. It is inferred from the result that inherent uncertainties and fluctuations existed in the prices of maize and sorghum in Nigeria which implies that the price volatility is positive and statistically significant suggesting that historical information and past shocks play a crucial role in determining the volatility observed in the grains. It is recommended that the ARCH, GARCH, EGARCH, TGARCH, PARCH, CGARCH, and IGARCH models should be employed for modeling and managing the volatility of maize and sorghum prices in Nigeria. These models have shown effectiveness in capturing different aspects of volatility, including the impact of past shocks, conditional volatility, asymmetry, and other relevant factors.

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Open Access November 03, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Quality of Communication between Healthcare Providers and Pregnant Women: Impact on Maternal Satisfaction, Health Outcomes, and Shared Decision-Making

Fortune Afi Agbi, Zhou Lulin, Eric Owusu Asamoah

Universal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023, 2(1), 3-10. DOI: 10.31586/ujog.2023.784

Abstract The quality of communication between healthcare providers and pregnant women is a topic of paramount importance within the realm of maternal healthcare. It is not merely an aspect of medical interaction; rather, it is the prerequisite that influences various critical dimensions of maternal care, including maternal satisfaction, health outcomes, and shared decision-making. Effective communication [...] Read more.

The quality of communication between healthcare providers and pregnant women is a topic of paramount importance within the realm of maternal healthcare. It is not merely an aspect of medical interaction; rather, it is the prerequisite that influences various critical dimensions of maternal care, including maternal satisfaction, health outcomes, and shared decision-making. Effective communication between healthcare providers and pregnant women is essential for optimal maternal care during pregnancy and childbirth. Maternal satisfaction is a fundamental metric of patient-centered care, and improved communication, characterized by empathy, information sharing, and active listening, cultivates trust and enhances women's contentment with their care experiences. Positive provider-patient interactions are associated with improved emotional well-being, reduced stress levels, and increased adherence to prenatal recommendations, contributing to positive health outcomes for both mother and fetus. Shared decision-making is impacted by open and transparent dialogue between healthcare providers and pregnant women. Inclusive discussions about available interventions, risks, and benefits empower women to make informed choices aligned with their preferences and values. This shared decision-making promotes autonomy, self-efficacy, and a collaborative care partnership, potentially influencing the birthing experience and postpartum adaptation. However, challenges persist in communication quality, such as variability in healthcare provider communication styles, cultural considerations, and system-level factors. Addressing these challenges through targeted interventions, training, and policy implementation can further enhance the overall maternal care experience. Further research is needed to explore innovative strategies that optimize communication and promote positive outcomes throughout the continuum of maternal care.

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Review Article

Open Access November 02, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Off-Label Use of Esketamine

Jacob Scarcella, Jeffrey MacDaniels, Lucinda Coffin, Thomas Schwartz

Global Journal of Medical Case Reports 2023, 3(1), 21-26. DOI: 10.31586/gjmcr.2023.809

Abstract Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant psychiatric condition, with many affected individuals not gaining remission from conventional treatments, leading to classification as treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This study aimed to investigate the potential of intravenous (IV) ketamine, particularly the S-enantiomer esketamine in nasal spray form, for treating patients with TRD and [...] Read more.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a significant psychiatric condition, with many affected individuals not gaining remission from conventional treatments, leading to classification as treatment-resistant depression (TRD). This study aimed to investigate the potential of intravenous (IV) ketamine, particularly the S-enantiomer esketamine in nasal spray form, for treating patients with TRD and associated comorbidities. We report three cases of patients with diverse psychiatric and medical backgrounds whom all reported significant symptomatic relief from depressive episodes and suicidal ideation (SI) following esketamine administration. Additionally, esketamine seemed to proffer benefits beyond the primary depressive symptoms, positively impacting other comorbid conditions, such as agitation, self-injurious behavior (SIB), and chronic pain. The goal of this paper is to highlight that while esketamine's primary utility is in addressing TRD, its therapeutic potential may extend to a variety of associated conditions. However, it is crucial to underscore the heterogeneity of MDD, emphasizing the necessity for individualized therapeutic approaches and further research into esketamine's broader applications.

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Case Series

Open Access November 01, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Individual Wave Component Signal Modeling, Parameters Extraction, and Analysis

Webert Montlouis

Universal Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2023, 1(1), 26-39. DOI: 10.31586/ujgh.2023.737

Abstract The accurate estimation of Individual Wave Components (IWC) is crucial for automated diagnosis of the human digestive system in a clinical setting. However, this process can be challenging due to signal contamination by other signal sources in the body, such as the lungs and heart, as well as environmental noise. To address this issue, various denoising techniques are commonly employed in bowel [...] Read more.

The accurate estimation of Individual Wave Components (IWC) is crucial for automated diagnosis of the human digestive system in a clinical setting. However, this process can be challenging due to signal contamination by other signal sources in the body, such as the lungs and heart, as well as environmental noise. To address this issue, various denoising techniques are commonly employed in bowel sound signal processing. While denoising is important, it can increase computational complexity, making it challenging for portable devices. Therefore, signal processing algorithms often require a trade-off between fidelity and computational complexity. This study aims to evaluate an IWC parameter extraction algorithm that was previously developed and reconstruct the IWC without denoising using synthetic and clinical data. To that end, the role of a reliable model in creating synthetic data is paramount. The rigorous testing of the algorithm is limited by the availability of quality and quantity recorded data. To overcome this challenge, a mathematical model has been proposed to generate synthetic bowel sound data that can be used to test new algorithms. The proposed algorithm’s robust performance is evaluated using both synthetic and clinically recorded data. We perform time-frequency analysis of original and reconstructed bowel sound signals in various digestive system states and characterize the performance using Monte Carlo simulation when denoising is not applied. Overall, our study presents a promising algorithm for accurate IWC estimation that can be useful for predicting anomalies in the digestive system.

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Open Access November 01, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Efficacy and Safety of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy with Direct Oral Anticoagulants versus Vitamin K Antagonist in Patients with Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

Victor Febriant, Tracy Solansa

Open Journal of Medical Sciences 2023, 3(1), 39-45. DOI: 10.31586/ojms.2023.808

Abstract Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare type of stroke caused by partial or complete occlusion of cerebral venous sinuses. Current guidelines recommend the administration of Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) during the acute phase and oral Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) such as warfarin for 3-12 months. Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) are an attractive alternative to VKAs as [...] Read more.

Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis is a rare type of stroke caused by partial or complete occlusion of cerebral venous sinuses. Current guidelines recommend the administration of Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) during the acute phase and oral Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) such as warfarin for 3-12 months. Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs) are an attractive alternative to VKAs as therapy for CVT, for its safety and efficacy as anticoagulation therapy for deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Method: This systematic review is written based on PRISMA guidelines with electronic search performed on various databases for journals published from June 1, 2018 to June 1, 2023. Results: We found four studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria, with four randomized controlled studies presenting 179 CVT patients treated with DOAC and 150 patients treated with standard therapy. DOACs used in reviewed studies are Dabigatran and Rivaroxaban. Discussion: Administration of DOACs as anticoagulation therapy in patients with CVT presents better recanalization rate with no significant differences in efficacy compared with VKAs, along with a better safety profile through similar mortality rate across two groups. Conclusion: DOACs as long-term anticoagulation therapy in patients with CVT has better efficacy along with a similar safety profile compared to VKA.

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Systematic Review

Open Access October 31, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Effectiveness of Probiotics for Treatment of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Hadeer Abdel-Aleem Hassan Mohamed Tawfik, Mohamed Nazmy Farres, Rasha Samir, Mohamed Nabil Badawy Al Ashram, Mina Mikhail Nessim, Mohamed Farouk Allam

Universal Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2023, 1(1), 17-25. DOI: 10.31586/ujgh.2023.735

Abstract Background: Recently specific interactions and crosslinks between the gut microbiota and the lungs have been recognized, particularly with regard to respiratory immune and anti-microbial reactions. This is often known as the “gut-lung axis” or “a common mucosal immunological system”. Objective: The aim of the current systematic review was to evaluate evidence, from published clinical trials and cohort studies, if probiotics may have an effect in improving and managing COVID-19 symptoms. Materials and methods: The available studies were searched through a comprehensive search of electronic databases that included PubMed, Science Direct, Scirus, ISI Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), using a combination of the following keywords: “COVID-19" OR [...] Read more.

Background: Recently specific interactions and crosslinks between the gut microbiota and the lungs have been recognized, particularly with regard to respiratory immune and anti-microbial reactions. This is often known as the “gut-lung axis” or “a common mucosal immunological system”. Objective: The aim of the current systematic review was to evaluate evidence, from published clinical trials and cohort studies, if probiotics may have an effect in improving and managing COVID-19 symptoms. Materials and methods: The available studies were searched through a comprehensive search of electronic databases that included PubMed, Science Direct, Scirus, ISI Web of Knowledge, Google Scholar and CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), using a combination of the following keywords: “COVID-19" OR "SARS-CoV-2" AND "Microbiota" OR "Probiotics” OR “Gut Lung Axis”. The literature was reviewed until August 31, 2022. Results: Only 3 studies were included. One of them evaluated the efficacy of probiotics in COVID-19 patients to obtain complete remission of all signs and symptoms. The clinical trial proves that probiotics have a significant effect on complete remission of all signs and symptoms of COVID-19 patients with statistical significant difference. Only one clinical trial out of the 3 included studies had evaluated the need for O2 therapy during the study between the probiotics and control groups, but without statistical significant difference. No statistical significant difference between the probiotics group and placebo group was observed regarding fatal prognosis during the only clinical trial that measured death as an outcome. Conclusion: We couldn’t judge on these results as they are insufficient data for pooling and meta-analysis. However, what we can say is “Most probably Probiotics have no role in treatment of COVID-19 infection”.

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Meta-Analysis

Open Access October 31, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Role of Probiotics and Colchicine in COVID-19 Management?

Samar Osama Ahmed Hassan, Ahmed Nour El-Din Hassan, Manal Sabry Mohamed, Mina Mikhail Nessim, Mohamed Nabil Badawy Al Ashram, Mohamed Farouk Allam

Universal Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2023, 1(1), 14-16. DOI: 10.31586/ujgh.2023.772

Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging human disease caused by a novel coronavirus, causing a global pandemic crisis. Probiotics and/or colchicine may be considered as options for treatment since they have anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. The aim of the current review was to assess the effectiveness of probiotic supplements and [...] Read more.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a newly emerging human disease caused by a novel coronavirus, causing a global pandemic crisis. Probiotics and/or colchicine may be considered as options for treatment since they have anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. The aim of the current review was to assess the effectiveness of probiotic supplements and colchicine on symptoms, duration, and progression of mild and moderate cases of COVID-19 infection. Review: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in the United States with 182 participants who were randomly assigned to receive daily oral probiotic (Lactobacillus rhamnosus) LGG or placebo for 28 days. The study indicated that LGG is well-tolerated and is associated with a delay in the onset of COVID-19 infection, a reduction in the incidence of symptoms, and alterations in the structure of the gut microbiome when administered as post-exposure prophylaxis within seven days of exposure. Colchicine may lessen mortality and the need for mechanical ventilation in mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients, according to a systematic review and meta-analysis. Conclusion: Probiotics and/or colchicine may be viable treatment options for COVID-19 patients. To examine the efficacy of probiotics and colchicine in the treatment of COVID-19, it is necessary to conduct additional clinical trials and provide clinicians with evidence, as there are currently insufficient studies to support this conclusion.

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Brief Review

Open Access October 27, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Key Factor to Prevent Aortic Root and Descending Thoracic Aorta Enlargement after Aortic Valve and Ascending Aorta Combined Surgery

Francesca D’Auria, Danilo Flavio Santo

Global Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2023, 2(1), 5-11. DOI: 10.31586/gjcd.2023.788

Abstract Objective: aortic root enlargement (ARE) and descending thoracic aorta dilatation (DTAD) in combined aortic valve and ascending aorta replacement surgery (AV+AAR) are postoperative concerning issues. This retrospective observational analysis studies surgical factors which could determine those complications. Methods: 236 patients underwent AV+AAR. Mean-time follow-up by [...] Read more.

Objective: aortic root enlargement (ARE) and descending thoracic aorta dilatation (DTAD) in combined aortic valve and ascending aorta replacement surgery (AV+AAR) are postoperative concerning issues. This retrospective observational analysis studies surgical factors which could determine those complications. Methods: 236 patients underwent AV+AAR. Mean-time follow-up by trans-thoracic echocardiography (TTE) and computer tomography (CT) was 44.7 ± 21.2 and 38.2 ± 18.4 months respectively. In long-term follow-up, outcome variables are: ARE equal/more than 10% of the preoperative TTE data and DTAD equal more than 5% of preoperative CT measurement at the same thoracic vertebrae axial slice. Results: ARE and DTAD appear strictly related to the discrepancy between prosthetic valve and straight vascular prosthesis diameters (p = 0.024), while there is not significant difference (log-rank = 0.917) related to aortic valve surgery type (replacement or repair). Considering diameter difference (DD) between vascular and aortic valve prosthesis, patients were subsequently grouped into two sections: L5 group, in which DD was less/equal than 5 mm, and M5, in which DD was more/equal than 5 mm. ARE was found in 30.8 % of L5 patients and only in 14.7 % among M5 patients (log-rank = 0.026). We have also observed descending thoracic aorta dilatation in 34.2 % of L5 and in 12.1 % of M5 (log-rank = 0.023). Conclusions: According with our data, difference between vascular prosthesis and aortic valve prosthesis equal/more than 5 mm is a protective factor against ARE and DATD.

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Open Access October 16, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Clinical Characteristics and Imaging Findings of Adult COVID-19 and Influenza-related Pulmonary Complications due to Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus

Masafumi Seki, Daishi Shimada

Global Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease 2023, 3(1), 1-6. DOI: 10.31586/gjeidd.2023.798

Abstract The pulmonary characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) co-infection with respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus, are still unclear. Case series: Two patients with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus [...] Read more.

The pulmonary characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) co-infection with respiratory viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus, are still unclear. Case series: Two patients with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) infection in the lungs co-infected with either SARS-CoV-2 or influenza virus are reported. Case 1 was a 66-year-old woman who was admitted with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Her chest X-ray and computed tomography (CT) showed multiple cavity formations with infiltration shadows, and MSSA was detected from her sputum and blood, suggesting COVID-19-related bacterial pneumonia and pulmonary embolism. No catheters had been used, but she had skin eruptions and a history of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Ampicillin/sulbactam (ABPC/SBT) was administered, and she finally improved. Case 2 was an 87-year-old man with a history of atopic dermatitis who was admitted with moderate pneumonia, and influenza virus co-infection was found. He showed multiple cavitary shadows, and MSSA was isolated from both his sputum and blood. He was diagnosed with influenza-related bacterial pulmonary embolism. No catheters had been used, but he had a history of influenza vaccination. He was also treated by ABPC/SBT and finally improved. Conclusions: These cases suggest that MSSA showed affinity to the lungs when co-infected with either SARS-CoV-2 or influenza virus, and it presented as septic emboli without catheter use. We should consider MSSA infection when patients have SARS-CoV-2 or influenza virus co-infection, and multiple cavity formation and skin disorders are seen, even though they were vaccinated and no catheters were used.

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Case Series

Open Access October 13, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

A Report of Three Cases with Moderate Psoriasis Treated with New Topical Treatment

José Miguel Ingelmo Calvo, José Ruiz Cobo, Mohamed Farouk Allam

Global Journal of Medical Case Reports 2023, 3(1), 16-20. DOI: 10.31586/gjmcr.2023.714

Abstract Practice guidelines recommend fixed combinations of calcipotriol, a topical vitamin D analogue, and betamethasone dipropionate, a high potency corticosteroid, as first line topical treatment for mild to moderate plaque psoriasis of the body and scalp. A new foaming lotion for treatment of Psoriasis was developed and patented by the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Trade and Tourism (Invention patent [...] Read more.

Practice guidelines recommend fixed combinations of calcipotriol, a topical vitamin D analogue, and betamethasone dipropionate, a high potency corticosteroid, as first line topical treatment for mild to moderate plaque psoriasis of the body and scalp. A new foaming lotion for treatment of Psoriasis was developed and patented by the Spanish Ministry of Industry, Trade and Tourism (Invention patent reference number 202030824). The foaming lotion is composed of clobetasol, papaverine hydrochloride, spironolactone, milk-peptide-complex and propylene glycol. Three cases with moderate Psoriasis aged 34, 36 and 66 years old were treated with our new foaming lotion for 7-8 days. The three patients reported important improvement in the itching sensations and remission of the scaled lesions. Before and after application of the new foaming lotion, Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) scores improved in the first patient from 24.3 to 1.8, in the second patient from 26.1 to 1.8, and in the third patient from 27 to 1.8. Our results show the short-term effectiveness of the new foaming lotion in treating moderate and extensive Psoriasis. Long follow-up is needed to evaluate the remission period of Psoriasis and possible side effects of the new topical treatment.

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Case Report

Open Access October 11, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Quality of Life Assessment of Health Record Professionals Working in a Tertiary Health Facility, during the COVID 19 Pandemic in South Western Nigeria

Oluwaseun Emmanuel ODIPE, Mela DANJIN, Lateef Olabisi OKELEJI, Oluwayemisi Hope ADEWOLE

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(2), 128-138. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.741

Abstract Background: There is paucity of data on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Health Information Managers/Health Record Officers (HROs) in the Nigeria health system. Hence, this study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-related quality of life (QoL) among HROs in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Methods: A [...] Read more.

Background: There is paucity of data on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among Health Information Managers/Health Record Officers (HROs) in the Nigeria health system. Hence, this study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health-related quality of life (QoL) among HROs in Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the University Hospital, where a total of 52 health record officers were purposively sampled. Relevant data were collected using the Short Form survey (SF-36v2) questionnaire. One-way ANOVA was used to determine mean group differences across the nine and the two QoL (physical and mental) summary domains based on respondents’ socio-demographics, while level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: All the QoL sections of the instrument used yielded an α-Cronbach’s score of > 0.70. Analysis of some QoL physical component dimensions showed that; Bodily pain (BP) was found to be significantly (P=0.032) associated with marital status, Physical functioning (PF) with gender (P=0.023), and general health (GH) with age group (P=00.025) and highest level of education (P=0.023). On the other hand, mental health component analysis revealed that Social Functioning (SF) was associated with age group (P=014), Role limitation (RE) with marital status (P=0.048), highest level of education (P=0.048) and years of service (P=0.015) etc. Conclusion: The QoL among HROs studied was generally above average, and demographic characteristics such as age, gender and marital status significantly influence QoL. Health managers and stakeholders should consider some of the factors identified in managing HROs.

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Open Access October 10, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Anaphylaxis and Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema due to Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction NSTEMI: A Case Report

Pablo Andrés Pérez Giraldo, Alexander Lopez Villareal, Alejandro Cardozo, Manuel Alejandro García

Global Journal of Medical Case Reports 2023, 3(1), 12-15. DOI: 10.31586/gjmcr.2023.685

Abstract Anaphylaxis can be associated with hemodynamic shock, which requires the early initiation of adrenaline as part of its management. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is a frequent entity in emergency services with increased mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The case report presents the case of a 55-year-old male patient who entered the emergency department with a non-ST-segment [...] Read more.

Anaphylaxis can be associated with hemodynamic shock, which requires the early initiation of adrenaline as part of its management. Cardiogenic pulmonary edema is a frequent entity in emergency services with increased mortality in patients with acute coronary syndrome. The case report presents the case of a 55-year-old male patient who entered the emergency department with a non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) associated to pulmonary edema and anaphylaxis. During his stay in the emergency room, he had an anaphylactic reaction to dipyrone (metamizole) used for pain control. The patient presented signs of acute pulmonary edema, a hypertensive urgency after the use of adrenaline for the management of anaphylaxis. There was doubt as to whether the dyspnea was of anaphylactic or cardiogenic origin, so an emergency ultrasound was performed, which suggested a bilateral pattern B. This allowed timely management of ventilatory failure with systemic nitrates, diuretics, and oxygen therapy, which controlled blood pressure and resolved ventilatory failure. Subsequently, he was transferred to an institution with a hemodynamic service for the management of NSTEMI. We highlight the utility of emergency ultrasonography for immediate decision-making and the low prevalence of anaphylactic reaction in a patient with NSTEMI leading to acute pulmonary edema.

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Case Report

Open Access October 08, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Correlation of Thyroid Gland Functions with Menstrual Patterns amongst Infertile and Fertile Women Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in North-Central Nigeria

Halima Inya Aliu-Ayo, Kikelomo Temilola Adesina, Abiodun Akanbi Gafar Jimoh, Aloysius Obinna Ikwuka, Francis Chigozie Udeh, Sikiru Abayomi Biliaminu, Olayinka Waheed Ayo

World Journal of Clinical Medicine Research 2023, 3(1), 13-26. DOI: 10.31586/wjcmr.2023.787

Abstract A regular menstrual cycle is important to maintain a woman’s fertility. This cycle has been linked to optimal function of the thyroid gland in the production of its hormones. Disturbance of thyroid gland functions could result to female infertility due to changes in menstrual patterns. Aim of this research was to determine the correlation between thyroid gland functions and menstrual patterns amongst infertile and fertile women attending a tertiary care hospital in North-Central Nigeria. This comparative, cross-sectional study recruited 106 women who visited the hospital's Gynecology Clinic and Family Planning Clinic. 53 of the 106 patients were women with a history suggestive of either primary or secondary infertility and the remaining 53 women with no history of infertility served as the control. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on the patients’ menstrual patterns. Anthropometric data were measured and obtained. Collected blood samples were analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique to determine the serum levels of thyroid hormones. All obtained data was analyzed, and the level of significance was set at p<0.05, at a 95% confidence interval. 33 patients had menstrual anomalies (78.8% infertile women; 21.2% fertile women who served as control, p=0.012). The incidence of menstrual anomalies in the infertile women group and control group was 7.5% versus 0.0% for amenorrhea; 20.8% versus 5.7% for menorrhagia; 9.4% versus 7.5% for oligomenorrhea; 7.5% versus 0.0% for hypomenorrhea; nil polymenorrhea for both groups; and 50.9% versus 86.8% for normal menstrual patterns. Ten (9.43%) patients were diagnosed with thyroid dysfunctions (80% in infertile group; 20% in control group, p [...] Read more.

A regular menstrual cycle is important to maintain a woman’s fertility. This cycle has been linked to optimal function of the thyroid gland in the production of its hormones. Disturbance of thyroid gland functions could result to female infertility due to changes in menstrual patterns. Aim of this research was to determine the correlation between thyroid gland functions and menstrual patterns amongst infertile and fertile women attending a tertiary care hospital in North-Central Nigeria. This comparative, cross-sectional study recruited 106 women who visited the hospital's Gynecology Clinic and Family Planning Clinic. 53 of the 106 patients were women with a history suggestive of either primary or secondary infertility and the remaining 53 women with no history of infertility served as the control. A well-structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on the patients’ menstrual patterns. Anthropometric data were measured and obtained. Collected blood samples were analyzed using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique to determine the serum levels of thyroid hormones. All obtained data was analyzed, and the level of significance was set at p<0.05, at a 95% confidence interval. 33 patients had menstrual anomalies (78.8% infertile women; 21.2% fertile women who served as control, p=0.012). The incidence of menstrual anomalies in the infertile women group and control group was 7.5% versus 0.0% for amenorrhea; 20.8% versus 5.7% for menorrhagia; 9.4% versus 7.5% for oligomenorrhea; 7.5% versus 0.0% for hypomenorrhea; nil polymenorrhea for both groups; and 50.9% versus 86.8% for normal menstrual patterns. Ten (9.43%) patients were diagnosed with thyroid dysfunctions (80% in infertile group; 20% in control group, p=0.046). Six (18.2%) out of 33 women with menstrual anomalies were diagnosed with thyroid dysfunction. Five (83.3%) out of these 6 women with both menstrual anomalies and diagnosed thyroid dysfunction were infertile while only one (16.7%) was fertile. Thyroid gland dysfunction correlates strongly with abnormal menstrual patterns, which implies that it is vital to evaluate thyroid hormone levels in blood serum in the course of treating menstrual irregularities and female infertility. Early detection of thyroid dysfunction is important in achieving a positive treatment outcome for female infertility.

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Open Access October 07, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

A Systematic Review of Observational Studies Focusing on Impact of Telehealth Consultation in Osteoporosis Management during the Pandemic

Samia Amin, Oishi Barua, Farjana Masud ; Sumaiya Monjur, Tahsin Munajja, Ashish Joshi

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(2), 119-127. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.768

Abstract Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine osteoporosis care due to clinic closures and limited in-person consultations. Telehealth emerged as an alternative model enabling remote care delivery and monitoring. However, previous reviews on telehealth either did not include the pandemic period or had a limited focus in scope. Evidence synthesized specifically for osteoporosis care [...] Read more.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted routine osteoporosis care due to clinic closures and limited in-person consultations. Telehealth emerged as an alternative model enabling remote care delivery and monitoring. However, previous reviews on telehealth either did not include the pandemic period or had a limited focus in scope. Evidence synthesized specifically for osteoporosis care during the pandemic is needed but lacking. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL for studies on telehealth for osteoporosis published between January 2021 and March 2023. Five studies met the inclusion criteria of: osteoporosis population, telehealth intervention, and COVID-19 pandemic timeframe. Data was extracted on study characteristics, COVID-19 outcomes, osteoporosis status, telehealth purpose, patient satisfaction, and clinical outcomes. Result: The five studies showed telehealth was used for monitoring data, delivering test results, adjusting medications, and assessments. Osteoporosis prevalence among telehealth users ranged 30-100%. High patient satisfaction was reported with telehealth versus in-person care. No major differences occurred in medication delays or fractures between telehealth and in-person groups. Conclusion: This review found telehealth enables effective osteoporosis care and monitoring during the pandemic, with high patient and provider satisfaction. However, more robust randomized controlled trials are needed to establish stronger evidence around telehealth's impacts on clinical osteoporosis outcomes. Implications: Though promising, further high-quality studies will help clarify telehealth's role in improving osteoporosis care and outcomes. Findings inform guidelines on integrating telehealth into routine management. Evidence on user perspectives optimizes telehealth implementation policies.

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Open Access October 03, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Pharmaceutical Drug Serialization: A Comprehensive Review

Aarav Gupta

Universal Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2023, 2(1), 26-33. DOI: 10.31586/ujpp.2023.786

Abstract A persistent problem in the pharmaceutical industry that has existed for centuries is the prevalence of counterfeit drugs, and the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that millions of people are affected by this issue each year. In particular, 4 out of 10 drugs in poor or underdeveloped countries may be adulterated, which can lead to severe adverse events. To address this problem, many [...] Read more.

A persistent problem in the pharmaceutical industry that has existed for centuries is the prevalence of counterfeit drugs, and the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that millions of people are affected by this issue each year. In particular, 4 out of 10 drugs in poor or underdeveloped countries may be adulterated, which can lead to severe adverse events. To address this problem, many countries have implemented regulatory compliance measures such as pharmaceutical drug serialization, which requires the unique identification of every drug package manufactured. This enables tracking and tracing of individual packages throughout the supply chain and helps to prevent counterfeit drugs from entering the market. In this paper, we conduct a systematic review of the serialization process evaluation and its impact on the pharmaceutical industry. We discuss the benefits of pharmaceutical drug serialization, including its ability to improve drug security and reduce adverse events and investigations. We also examine the challenges associated with implementing serialization processes and the regulatory requirements necessary for compliance. Finally, we explore the various tracking and tracing technologies used in serialization processes and their effectiveness in preventing the distribution of counterfeit drugs. Overall, this paper highlights the importance of pharmaceutical drug serialization in ensuring the safety and efficacy of drugs in the healthcare industry, particularly in poor or underdeveloped countries where the problem of adulterated drugs is especially prevalent.

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Open Access September 26, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Charged Stellar Model with Generalized Chaplygin Equation of State Consistent with Observational Data

Manuel Malaver, Rajan Iyer

Universal Journal of Physics Research 2023, 2(1), 43-59. DOI: 10.31586/ujpr.2023.748

Abstract In this paper, we found a new model for a compact star with charged anisotropic matter distribution considering the generalized Chaplygin equation of state. The Einstein-Maxwell field equations have been solved with a particular form of metric potential and electric field intensity. The plots show that physical variables such as radial pressure, energy density, charge density, anisotropy, radial [...] Read more.

In this paper, we found a new model for a compact star with charged anisotropic matter distribution considering the generalized Chaplygin equation of state. The Einstein-Maxwell field equations have been solved with a particular form of metric potential and electric field intensity. The plots show that physical variables such as radial pressure, energy density, charge density, anisotropy, radial speed sound, and the mass are fully well defined and are regular in the star's interior. We obtained models consistent with stellar objects such as GJ 832, LHS 43, SAO 81292, GJ 380, GJ 412, and SAO 62377.

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Open Access September 26, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Drug-Receptor Interaction of Peptidic HIV-1 Protease: Intermolecular Interaction-III

Vishnu Kumar Sahu, Neetu Chandra, Anil Kumar Soni, Pratibha Singh, Rajesh Kumar Singh

Online Journal of Microbiological Research 2023, 3(1), 1-22. DOI: 10.31586/ojmr.2023.630

Abstract Recently, we have studied drug-receptor interaction of the peptidic HIV-1 protease inhibitors based on polar and hydrophobic interactions. We have also studied pharmacokinetics of these inhibitors based on Lipinski’s rule of five and its extended form. After that there was a need to study intermolecular interactions. From literatures, drug-receptor interaction involves hydrogen bonds between [...] Read more.

Recently, we have studied drug-receptor interaction of the peptidic HIV-1 protease inhibitors based on polar and hydrophobic interactions. We have also studied pharmacokinetics of these inhibitors based on Lipinski’s rule of five and its extended form. After that there was a need to study intermolecular interactions. From literatures, drug-receptor interaction involves hydrogen bonds between acceptor and donor sites of drug and its receptor. These donor acceptor sites must be more than four to be dominant. As single intermolecular H-bond is relatively weak and unlikely to support this type of interaction. It is also clear from literature that this interaction contribute to the alignment of reacting species in proper three-dimensional space in such a position that strong and effective polar or hydrophobic or both interaction occurs to form drug-receptor adduct or enzyme inhibitor complex as appropriate. The strength of H-bonds formed between drug and receptor was judged by bond lengths, bond angles and bond orders. As well as, its nature (strong, moderate or weak) and its number, too. Along with H-bonding, we have also studied Van der Walls i.e. non-bonding type interaction. These non-bonding interactions were studied using charge transfer from donor to acceptor and this results transfer of electron flux from donor molecule (drug/receptor) towards acceptor (receptor/ drug). Thus, lowering of energy of the system under investigation will occur. For this resulted interaction energy was also studied that very clearly explain feasibility of interactions. As we know that all above phenomena are molecular properties and do not cover involvement of orbitals. To cover this we have also studied drug-receptor interaction involving molecular orbital. It was HOMO of one reacting molecule (B) that donates electron pair, electron cloud or electron density to LUMO of another reacting molecule (A) that accepts or accommodates this electron pair, electron cloud or electron density. The quantity of the electron flux from HOMO to LUMO was judged by the value of ∆E_LH. A lower value of this will support strong and effective drug-receptor interaction. Results of orbital based study have also been found to supports the results as abstracted from interaction energy.

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Open Access September 22, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Bioremediation of Total Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in Crude Oil-Contaminated Soil using Costus afer Plant

Chinwendu Emeka, Reuben N. Okparanma, Okogbule-Wonodi Achinike

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(1), 26-36. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.656

Abstract Costus afer is a well-known medicinal plant abundant in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The successful growth of Costus afer plant on crude oil contaminated soil adds to the list of plants that has potential to get rid of harmful chemical compounds to save human life as well preserve the environment. This study investigates the remediation potential of Costus afer plant at different ages (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days old) to decontaminate petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. To achieve this, contamination of sandy-loam soil was simulated by mixing T0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 L of Bonny-Light crude oil with 48 kg of the soil in three separate reactors to achieve conditions of low, medium, and high contamination, respectively. The reactor with medium-level contaminated soil served as the control. The plants were nursed and transplanted at the stated ages to each reactor except the control. Controlled irrigation was applied, and the setups were housed to shield them from rainfall. After 90 days of treatment, results showed that the 7 days old plants produced the highest amounts of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (TPAH) reduction of 99.71, 90.10, and 84.06 % in the soil with low, medium, and high contamination, respectively. Furthermore, the sequence of TPAH reduction by the plants was 14 days old > 21 days old > 28 days old > 35 days old > 42-days old. Thus, in addition to its medicinal value, Costus afer [...] Read more.

Costus afer is a well-known medicinal plant abundant in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The successful growth of Costus afer plant on crude oil contaminated soil adds to the list of plants that has potential to get rid of harmful chemical compounds to save human life as well preserve the environment. This study investigates the remediation potential of Costus afer plant at different ages (7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days old) to decontaminate petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. To achieve this, contamination of sandy-loam soil was simulated by mixing T0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 L of Bonny-Light crude oil with 48 kg of the soil in three separate reactors to achieve conditions of low, medium, and high contamination, respectively. The reactor with medium-level contaminated soil served as the control. The plants were nursed and transplanted at the stated ages to each reactor except the control. Controlled irrigation was applied, and the setups were housed to shield them from rainfall. After 90 days of treatment, results showed that the 7 days old plants produced the highest amounts of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (TPAH) reduction of 99.71, 90.10, and 84.06 % in the soil with low, medium, and high contamination, respectively. Furthermore, the sequence of TPAH reduction by the plants was 14 days old > 21 days old > 28 days old > 35 days old > 42-days old. Thus, in addition to its medicinal value, Costus afer plant also has the potential to restore crude oil-contaminated soils.

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Open Access September 19, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Differential Complete Blood Count for Diagnosis of COVID-19?

Nermine A. Melek, Mohamed F. Allam, Bassem G. Labib, Abdalla Bazazo, Mayada M. Mahmoud, Omneya M. Zeada

World Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023, 2(1), 50-57. DOI: 10.31586/wjmm.2023.689

Abstract Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared COVID-19 a public health emergency of international concern. In this context, effective and affordable diagnostic procedures are essential for identifying and managing cases. Complete blood counts (CBC) are among the most common and readily available diagnostic tests. The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CBC in [...] Read more.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared COVID-19 a public health emergency of international concern. In this context, effective and affordable diagnostic procedures are essential for identifying and managing cases. Complete blood counts (CBC) are among the most common and readily available diagnostic tests. The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CBC in diagnosing COVID-19 and identifying cases. Patients and Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 173 patients at Ain Shams University Hospitals over a period of three months. Patients were allocated into two groups according to COVID-19 PCR results: Group 1 included patients with COVID-19 positive PCR, and Group 2 included patients with COVID-19 negative PCR. Results: The study found that differential CBC had significant value in diagnosing COVID-19 disease. Many COVID-19 patients had lymphopenia and leucopenia compared to non-COVID-19 suspected patients. The low values of leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and eosinophils with a CBC test were found to be valuable in the initial diagnosis of COVID-19. Conclusion: The definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 requires RT-PCR analysis, which is time-consuming and less accessible. Thus, the initial diagnosis and treatment of patients may be delayed. This study suggests that CBC, which is easily available and affordable, can be valuable in the early identification of COVID-19 cases, allowing for prompt treatment and management.

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Open Access September 13, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

A Comparative Study of Attention-Based Transformer Networks and Traditional Machine Learning Methods for Toxic Comments Classification

Sihao Wang, Bingjie Chen

Journal of Social Mathematical & Human Engineering Sciences 2023, 1(1), 22-30. DOI: 10.31586/jsmhes.2023.697

Abstract With the rapid growth of online communication platforms, the identification and management of toxic comments have become crucial in maintaining a healthy online environment. Various machine learning approaches have been employed to tackle this problem, ranging from traditional models to more recent attention-based transformer networks. This paper aims to compare the performance of attention-based [...] Read more.

With the rapid growth of online communication platforms, the identification and management of toxic comments have become crucial in maintaining a healthy online environment. Various machine learning approaches have been employed to tackle this problem, ranging from traditional models to more recent attention-based transformer networks. This paper aims to compare the performance of attention-based transformer networks with several traditional machine learning methods for toxic comments classification. We present an in-depth analysis and evaluation of these methods using a common benchmark dataset. The experimental results demonstrate the strengths and limitations of each approach, shedding light on the suitability and efficacy of attention-based transformers in this domain.

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Open Access September 04, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Management of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus-2 infection in the Principality of Monaco

Franco Borruto, Ciro Comparetto, Florence Dupré, Christophe Robino

World Journal of Medical Microbiology 2023, 2(1), 27-49. DOI: 10.31586/wjmm.2023.715

Abstract Background: This work is a report of the present situation and management of Corona Virus (CoV) infection in the Principality of Monaco. Methods: To comply with the practices adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) and neighboring Countries in this area, residents infected by CoV are the object of this health report. The Prince’s Government also communicates the data relating to [...] Read more.

Background: This work is a report of the present situation and management of Corona Virus (CoV) infection in the Principality of Monaco. Methods: To comply with the practices adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) and neighboring Countries in this area, residents infected by CoV are the object of this health report. The Prince’s Government also communicates the data relating to screening. These are stopped at Sunday January 1^st included. Results: The results of this survey point out how this infection is still active in Monaco, although not at the emergency levels of 2020. Conclusions: These results call for not leaving prevention measures, both primary (vaccine) and secondary (personal protective equipment [PPE], social distancing, etc.) adopted until now and which gave so good results.

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Open Access September 01, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Treatment by Ceftolozane/Tazobactam for Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Pneumonia Patients with or without Bacteremia

Masafumi Seki, Seigi Lee, Kokyo Sakurada, Yutaka Miyawaki, Ayumu Masuoka, Futoshi Kotajima

Global Journal of Medical Case Reports 2023, 3(1), 5-11. DOI: 10.31586/gjmcr.2023.754

Abstract Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the most common pathogens in hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) including ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Recently, ceftolozane/tazobactam (CTLZ/TAZ) has been used to treat pneumonia due to P. aeruginosa. Case series: Two cases of P. aeruginosa pneumonia treated by CTLZ/TAZ that had been initially treated by piperacillin/tazobactam (PIPC/TAZ) are presented. (Case 1): A 76-year-old man who underwent esophagectomy developed severe pneumonia caused by P. aeruginosa infection and received oxygen by high-flow nasal canula. PIPC/TAZ was started, and he improved 10 days later. PIPC/TAZ was switched to sulbactam/ampicillin, but on day 14, his respiratory condition worsened, and septic shock developed. P. aeruginosa was isolated from his blood, and CTLZ/TAZ was started because the isolated P. aeruginosa showed resistance to PIPC/TAZ. Although he recovered on Day 28, and CTLZ/TAZ was switched to levofloxacin, his condition worsened again, and P. aeruginosa resistant to CTLZ/TAZ was isolated from his blood on day 32. Finally, he died of septicemia and renal failure. (Case 2) A 51-year-old woman who underwent surgery for a brain tumor developed VAP due to P. aeruginosa and was treated by PIPC/TAZ. Her pneumonia improved, but pneumothorax developed, and she was therefore switched to CTLZ/TAZ on day 7. Her pneumonia improved smoothly without bacteremia 10 days later. Conclusions: These data and cases suggest that CTLZ/TAZ was effective for severe P. aeruginosa pneumonia although the isolated P. aeruginosa was resistant to PIPC/TAZ. However, the duration of CTLZ/TAZ administration may need to be considered for pneumonia cases with bacteremia due to P. aeruginosa [...] Read more.

Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the most common pathogens in hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) including ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Recently, ceftolozane/tazobactam (CTLZ/TAZ) has been used to treat pneumonia due to P. aeruginosa. Case series: Two cases of P. aeruginosa pneumonia treated by CTLZ/TAZ that had been initially treated by piperacillin/tazobactam (PIPC/TAZ) are presented. (Case 1): A 76-year-old man who underwent esophagectomy developed severe pneumonia caused by P. aeruginosa infection and received oxygen by high-flow nasal canula. PIPC/TAZ was started, and he improved 10 days later. PIPC/TAZ was switched to sulbactam/ampicillin, but on day 14, his respiratory condition worsened, and septic shock developed. P. aeruginosa was isolated from his blood, and CTLZ/TAZ was started because the isolated P. aeruginosa showed resistance to PIPC/TAZ. Although he recovered on Day 28, and CTLZ/TAZ was switched to levofloxacin, his condition worsened again, and P. aeruginosa resistant to CTLZ/TAZ was isolated from his blood on day 32. Finally, he died of septicemia and renal failure. (Case 2) A 51-year-old woman who underwent surgery for a brain tumor developed VAP due to P. aeruginosa and was treated by PIPC/TAZ. Her pneumonia improved, but pneumothorax developed, and she was therefore switched to CTLZ/TAZ on day 7. Her pneumonia improved smoothly without bacteremia 10 days later. Conclusions: These data and cases suggest that CTLZ/TAZ was effective for severe P. aeruginosa pneumonia although the isolated P. aeruginosa was resistant to PIPC/TAZ. However, the duration of CTLZ/TAZ administration may need to be considered for pneumonia cases with bacteremia due to P. aeruginosa.

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Open Access August 30, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Spin Structures and non-Relativistic Spin Operators

Plamen Netchev

Universal Journal of Physics Research 2023, 2(1), 38-42. DOI: 10.31586/ujpr.2023.664

Abstract In Quantum Physics, the spin and angular momentum operators are magnitudes introduced by means of a vector transformation law. However, interpreting the eigenvalues of its Z "components" as projections on said axis leads to certain contradictions supposedly avoided by a mandatory (presented as a freely selected) Z's orientation. It is shown that an oriented physical space almost forces us to [...] Read more.

In Quantum Physics, the spin and angular momentum operators are magnitudes introduced by means of a vector transformation law. However, interpreting the eigenvalues of its Z "components" as projections on said axis leads to certain contradictions supposedly avoided by a mandatory (presented as a freely selected) Z's orientation. It is shown that an oriented physical space almost forces us to project the angular momentum's and spin's eigenvalues onto its orientation's 3-form, which sidesteps entering into inconsistencies. The final conclusion is that this "rare" magnitude called spin, downright naturally comes in and plays thanks to the orientation of our three-dimensional space.

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Communication

Open Access August 23, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Determinants and Satisfaction Outcomes of Pregnancy Care in China: The Case of Ghanaian Women in Zhenjiang

Fortune Afi Agbi, Zhou Lulin, Eric Owusu Asamoah

Universal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023, 1(1), 33-48. DOI: 10.31586/ujog.2023.747

Abstract The concept of maternity care satisfaction focuses on women's expectations and results in women having a positive attitude about the care received during pregnancy, childbirth and after birth. The proportion of births to Ghanaian migrant mothers in China is increasing, and there is an increasing demand for information regarding their reproductive health. To reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity [...] Read more.

The concept of maternity care satisfaction focuses on women's expectations and results in women having a positive attitude about the care received during pregnancy, childbirth and after birth. The proportion of births to Ghanaian migrant mothers in China is increasing, and there is an increasing demand for information regarding their reproductive health. To reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and death rates, it is crucial for foreign women who use maternity services to be satisfied with their care. Ghanaian women's birth experiences in China might be harmed by language and cultural disparities. Little is known about their experiences in China's homogeneous society. A survey of 317 postnatal Ghanaian foreigners in Zhenjiang, China provided the study's data and was analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 25. The results showed that (76%) of postnatal foreigners were satisfied with delivery care. Though the satisfaction level was high, respondents raised the issues of poor communication (62.8%) and high cost of delivery care (52.4%) as some of the general experiences they faced. Healthcare providers’ strengthening routine monitoring of maternal and newborn health programs will help deliver more woman-centered care.

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Open Access August 18, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

ETCS as an Effective Tool to enable HRM to fulfill the Requirements of CSR in the Field of Employee Training: An Innovative Design and Specific Requirements

Younis A. Battal Saleh

Universal Journal of Business and Management 2023, 3(1), 1-27. DOI: 10.31586/ujbm.2023.673

Abstract Purpose: There are specific requirements to fulfill CSR in the field of the training function, which can be deduced through a deep understanding of the meaning of CSRs (specifically, economic and ethical responsibilities). Those requirements must be included in the Electronic Training Card System (ETCS) to enable HRM in large organizations to adhere to its social responsibilities in the [...] Read more.

Purpose: There are specific requirements to fulfill CSR in the field of the training function, which can be deduced through a deep understanding of the meaning of CSRs (specifically, economic and ethical responsibilities). Those requirements must be included in the Electronic Training Card System (ETCS) to enable HRM in large organizations to adhere to its social responsibilities in the field of the employee training function. Therefore, this study aims to identify the needs of CSR in the field of training function and indicate how to include them in ETCS, in addition to identifying the necessary requirements for adopting of ETCS in business establishments. Method: The researcher adopted the following two concepts: 1) The concept of optimal use of economic resources (corporate economic responsibility); 2) The concept of fair opportunities for all (corporate ethical responsibility) in describing and specifying the items of criteria for measuring the effectiveness and efficiency of HRM in performing its job duties in the field of training. To design ETCS and include those requirements ″ items″ in it, the researcher relied on his diligence and skill in the field of designing electronic systems. Results: The study identified items of criteria for measuring the effectiveness and efficiency of HRM in performing its job duties in the field of training in a manner consistent with the requirements of CSR. The study was also able to design ETCS that will enable HRM to fulfill the requirements of CSR in employee training and determine the requirements for its application in institutions. Originality/Value: According to the researcher's vision, ETCS proposed in this study will enable HRMs in business institutions to adhere to their CSRs in the field of employee training- especially economic and ethical, because of its harmonious design with CSRs requirements.

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Open Access August 05, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Structural controls mineralization in strike-slip fault terminals, case study: Kaybarkuh region in East of Iran

Vahid Khademi, Mahmoud RezaHeyhat, Mohammad Mahdi Khatib, Mohammad Hossein Zarrinkoub, HosseinHadizadeh Khader

World Journal of Geomatics and Geosciences 2023, 3(1), 13-21. DOI: 10.31586/wjgg.2023.695

Abstract In this study, we have investigated the status of faults in terms of precession and subsequence, and their relationship with vein mineralization in Kaybarkuh intrusive body in East of Iran. At least, three generations of faults are evidenced in Dasht-e-Bayaz (DB) fault terminal. During formation of faults, the stress orientation in the region has changed at least once probably due to DB fault [...] Read more.

In this study, we have investigated the status of faults in terms of precession and subsequence, and their relationship with vein mineralization in Kaybarkuh intrusive body in East of Iran. At least, three generations of faults are evidenced in Dasht-e-Bayaz (DB) fault terminal. During formation of faults, the stress orientation in the region has changed at least once probably due to DB fault evolution. Mineralization, especially gold and copper, is formed along the third-generation faults and sometimes on the fault surfaces. It can be predicted that mineralization also happened in the tensioned area of Kal-Shur covered by salt playa and Quaternary sediments, which requires subsurface and geophysics studies.

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Open Access July 28, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Should not we vaccinate the public against seasonal influenza all over the year in COVID-19 era?

Mohamed Farouk Allam, Khaled Mahmoud Abd-Elaziz

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(2), 64-66. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.706

Abstract The pandemic of the SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) that was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020 is still ongoing. One of the early recommendations from CDC and other international agencies is the seasonal influenza vaccination to decrease the effects and burden of COVID-19 pandemic. This review suggests that during COVID-19 pandemic vaccination against seasonal influenza should [...] Read more.

The pandemic of the SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) that was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) on 11 March 2020 is still ongoing. One of the early recommendations from CDC and other international agencies is the seasonal influenza vaccination to decrease the effects and burden of COVID-19 pandemic. This review suggests that during COVID-19 pandemic vaccination against seasonal influenza should be conducted all over the year, even for young age groups, because of several reasons. First, the complications of seasonal influenza, especially pneumonia, could increase the burden on the saturated healthcare systems worldwide. Second, the resemblance of symptoms and signs of both seasonal influenza and COVID-19 will difficult diagnosing and isolation of COVID-19 patients. Third, it has been postulated that there is a cross immunity between seasonal influenza and COVID-19.

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Mini Review

Open Access July 24, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Role of Oncology Nurse Navigators: An Integrative Review

Jozelle Mae Suazo, Gold Mendoza, Al Canaynay, Roison Andro Narvaez

World Journal of Cancer and Oncology Research 2023, 2(1), 66-84. DOI: 10.31586/wjcor.2023.733

Abstract Background: Oncology nurse navigators (ONNs) are becoming even more vital as healthcare continues to develop into a more complicated, confusing maze for patients. When many specialists on the treatment team have divergent points of view due to the nature of their respective professions or other factors, the patient may experience feelings of confusion. In the end, this can cause delays in [...] Read more.

Background: Oncology nurse navigators (ONNs) are becoming even more vital as healthcare continues to develop into a more complicated, confusing maze for patients. When many specialists on the treatment team have divergent points of view due to the nature of their respective professions or other factors, the patient may experience feelings of confusion. In the end, this can cause delays in treatment, pose a threat to the established standard of care, and lead to a decrease in patient satisfaction. Aim: To enumerate various ways in which ONNs may help improve the quality of life of cancer patients. Design: An integrative review. Results: A total of 19 studies related to the topic are evaluated. Four main themes namely: provider of psychological support, facilitator of timely care, oncology nurse navigators perception of their role and patient’s perception of oncology nurse navigators and 3 sub themes which are: information giver, source of emotional support and coordinator, were identified to be the roles of the ONNs. The findings showed that oncology nurse navigators help reduce patients anxiety and distress, increase patient satisfaction, shorten the time from diagnosis to treatment, provide necessary information, support them emotionally and coordinate their care with the different members of the healthcare team and resources. Conclusion: The main function of the ONNs is to address any barrier that may hinder the patient’s cancer treatment, survivorship and even palliative care. ONNs make sure that each patient has individualized nursing care according to the patients and their families' needs. Implications for Practice: ONNs have the potential to significantly contribute not only to the quality of life of cancer patients but also to the process of achieving better service integration. The result of this integrative review contributes to the growth of the healthcare system by improving accessibility, fairness, efficiency, effectiveness, and the ability to maintain health services throughout time brought about by ONNs.

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Open Access July 06, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Health condition of palm trees of Mexico City, with an emphasis on “crowns”

Luz de Lourdes Saavedra-Romero, Dionicio Alvarado-Rosales, Alejandra Almaraz-Sánchez, Andrés Quezada-Salinas, Silvia Edith García-Díaz, Sergio Aranda-Ocampo, Carlos Fredy Ortiz-García, Armando Equihua-Martínez, José Abel López-Buenfil

Open Journal of Agricultural Research 2023, 3(1), 12-27. DOI: 10.31586/ojar.2023.690

Abstract The government of Mexico City carried out the introduction of palm trees in the 50s to increase the visual appearance of the main avenues. As a result of introduction of these exotic species, phytosanitary problems appeared. Currently there is scarce information on how to evaluate the health of these majestic monocots, in this sense, it is necessary to implement assessment scales to determine the [...] Read more.

The government of Mexico City carried out the introduction of palm trees in the 50s to increase the visual appearance of the main avenues. As a result of introduction of these exotic species, phytosanitary problems appeared. Currently there is scarce information on how to evaluate the health of these majestic monocots, in this sense, it is necessary to implement assessment scales to determine the health condition of the most frequently found species to advance on their care and management. The present study had the following objectives: 1) To determine the current state of health of palm trees by means of a scale of visual evaluation of the crown; 2) To know the diversity and structural characteristics of palm trees and 3) To determine the influence of composite variables on the ecosystem services such as the amount of shade provided. Health of palm trees were evaluated two times (dry and rainy seasons in 2022) on 35 transects of 200 m length. An imaginary circle divided into twelfths was overlapped on palm tree “crowns”, and through it, two absolute variables, Live Crown Ratio (LCR) and Crown Quality (CQ) were evaluated. Composite variables were also calculated. The 12/12 health scale adapted in the present study was useful. Four health categories were obtained for the Live crown ratio (LCR): 7.62% of the palm trees were in critical condition, 7.80% were in intermediate condition, 80.36% were in normal condition, and 4.20% were in excellent condition. Meanwhile, for crown quality (CQ), the percentages were 13.50%, 20.00%, 56.96% and 0.43%, respectively. The total height and “crown” diameter showed a positive correlation with the volume composite variables. The shadow area projected as an important ecosystem service increased as the health of the palm trees improved. This is the first study on palm trees health assessment in Mexico City.

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Open Access May 10, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Knowledge of Obstetric Warning Signs and Associated Risks among Saudi Pregnant Women

Najlaa Al-Nayef, Mufareh Asiri, Ahmad Haimour, Marwa Baghdady, Feras Abuerwak

Universal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2023, 1(1), 22-32. DOI: 10.31586/ujog.2023.680

Abstract Women must be aware of the risk factors of pregnancy complications and the negative maternal and fetal health consequences to take preventative measures and management strategies that will result in a successful pregnancy. This study aimed to assess the Level of Knowledge about obstetric warning signs and the associated factors among pregnant Saudi women attending antenatal care in a tertiary care [...] Read more.

Women must be aware of the risk factors of pregnancy complications and the negative maternal and fetal health consequences to take preventative measures and management strategies that will result in a successful pregnancy. This study aimed to assess the Level of Knowledge about obstetric warning signs and the associated factors among pregnant Saudi women attending antenatal care in a tertiary care maternity set-up in Riyadh City. Data for this cross-sectional study were obtained using a structured questionnaire from eligible pregnant women admitted to King Saud Medical City (KSMC) between August 2020 and March 2021. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Out of a minimum estimated sample size of 170, researchers recruited 362 participants. As observed, only 92 people, or 25.4%, had enough knowledge about various educational levels. The majority (91.2%) lived in villages, had no history of chronic disease (74.0%), and said that it took them at least 30 minutes to commute from their home to the hospital (69.3%). Two hundred two (55.7%) lacked appropriate knowledge, although most women (76.2%) had one to four pregnancies. Poor psychological health resulted from 37 people's (10.2%) inadequate Awareness. Even though 139 (38.4%) had spent more than 15 minutes receiving education from medical staff and 200 (61.5%) had attended the prenatal care clinic more than four times, most lacked adequate knowledge. The variables education level (P=0.000), working status (P=0.022), and place of residence (P=0.044) showed a statistically significant association with the knowledge level, also only education level statistically significantly affected the likelihood of knowledge gaps. In conclusion, early identification of obstetric warning signs and associated risk factors of pregnancy complications is integral to prevention.

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Open Access May 06, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Socioeconomic Drivers of Conservation Commitment: Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Ecosystem Services Provided by Beaches in Lagos State, Nigeria

Peace Chukwuyem UGBEKILE

Research Journal of Ecology and Environmental Sciences 2023, 3(1), 9-25. DOI: 10.31586/rjees.2023.594

Abstract Beaches are known for their ability to provide people with several services – these are generally referred to as ‘ecosystem services’ and they have been identified as one of the ways through which nature relates to humans. However, beaches in Nigeria are challenged by mismanagement caused by anthropogenic factors. It is expected that people will demonstrate a certain amount of dedication to [...] Read more.

Beaches are known for their ability to provide people with several services – these are generally referred to as ‘ecosystem services’ and they have been identified as one of the ways through which nature relates to humans. However, beaches in Nigeria are challenged by mismanagement caused by anthropogenic factors. It is expected that people will demonstrate a certain amount of dedication to protecting this ecosystem to address this issue. Sometimes, a person's commitment to conservation is based on the advantages they anticipate or are currently experiencing from the ecosystem, which are a result of their socioeconomic traits. Against this backdrop, this study captured individuals’ commitment as their Willingness to Pay (WTP) for these ecosystem services, assessed their level of awareness of the various ecosystem services provided by beaches and investigated the impact of socioeconomic factors on participants’ willingness to pay. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and a total of 221 responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, logistic regression and content analysis. The results revealed that the cultural service provided by beaches was the most common ecosystem service identified by the participants. Furthermore, most of the participants were willing to pay less than $3 for beach maintenance while the major determinants of WTP were age, household size and education. This study recommended that the government should work with other stakeholders to set up programs that would boost people’s awareness of ecosystem services provided by beaches as well as reiterate the need to maintain this ecosystem to ensure continued enjoyment of the services provided.

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Open Access April 28, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Evaluation of the Incidences of Risk Occurrence and Severity in PPP-Procured Mass Housing Projects (PPP-MHPs) in Abuja, Nigeria

Arijeloye Bamidele Temitope, Oke Ayodeji Emmanuel, Aje Isaac Olaniyi

World Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2023, 2(1), 86-98. DOI: 10.31586/wjcea.2023.608

Abstract Risks in Public Private Procurement mass housing project (PPP-MHP) initiatives are emerging and this requires early risk identification and allocation to achieve the goal and sustenance of the scheme. The study, being a follow-up of a Delphi survey, elicits the opinion of respondents on the probability of occurrence and severity of identified risks in PPP-MHPs in Nigeria. The study adopts a [...] Read more.

Risks in Public Private Procurement mass housing project (PPP-MHP) initiatives are emerging and this requires early risk identification and allocation to achieve the goal and sustenance of the scheme. The study, being a follow-up of a Delphi survey, elicits the opinion of respondents on the probability of occurrence and severity of identified risks in PPP-MHPs in Nigeria. The study adopts a quantitative research design approach by administering structure questionnaire survey on identified PPP-MHPs partners in Abuja, Nigeria. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools such as Mean item score (MIS), standard deviation, and Kruskal Wallis analytical techniques with the aid of SPSS software packages. The findings show that all the listed risk factors were found to be extremely high, very high, high, or moderate in terms of occurrence while all the listed risk factors recorded a very high level of severity on the delivery of PPP-MHPs. The top ten (10) risk factors frequently associated with PPP-MHPs are non-availability of finance, high finance cost, non-involvement of the host community, poor execution of housing policies, corruption and lack of respect for law, wrong perception of housing need by low-income earners, Illegal title to land, land acquisition and site availability, level of demand for the mass housing projects and unstable value of local currency. The respondents differs significantly on 29 risk factors in terms of occurrence and 40 risk factors in term of severity. The study, therefore, recommends that risk management culture should be highly encouraged among the PPP Partners in the sector. The study intends to enumerate the rate of occurrence of some itemized risk factors and their severities on the delivery of PPP – procured mass housing projects in Nigeria and the need to bookmark these risk factors in ensuring the sustainability of the PPP mass housing scheme.

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Open Access April 27, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Evaluation of the Critical risk factors in PPP - procured Mass Housing Projects in Abuja Nigeria - A fuzzy synthetic evaluation (FSE) approach

Arijeloye Bamidele Temitope, Oke Ayodeji Emmanuel, Aje Isaac Olaniyi

World Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2023, 2(1), 58-85. DOI: 10.31586/wjcea.2023.605

Abstract The study accessed the critical risk factors in public-private partnership (PPP)-procured mass housing project (MHP) delivery in Nigeria. The research design adopts a quantitative approach, using well-structured questionnaires distributed to stakeholders involved in PPP-MHPs i.e. consultants, in-house professionals, contractors, and the organized private sector (OPS) registered with PPP [...] Read more.

The study accessed the critical risk factors in public-private partnership (PPP)-procured mass housing project (MHP) delivery in Nigeria. The research design adopts a quantitative approach, using well-structured questionnaires distributed to stakeholders involved in PPP-MHPs i.e. consultants, in-house professionals, contractors, and the organized private sector (OPS) registered with PPP departments in the Federal Capital Territory Development Authority (FCDA) Abuja, Nigeria. The instrument relates to the background information of respondents and the risk peculiar to PPP-MHP. Sixty-three (63) risk factors were submitted for the respondents to rank using Mean Item score (MIS) for risk occurrence and its severity, while risk significance index (RI) was used to determine the risk impact. Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation (FSE) method was subsequently applied to determine the risk criticality groups and the overall risk level in the sector. The fuzzy set theory deals with ambiguous, subjective and imprecise judgments peculiar to decision making in construction project risk assessment. It aims to provide a synthetic evaluation of an object relative to a fuzzy decision environment with multiple criteria that requires qualitative linguistic terms. The findings show that thirty-one (31) risk factors were critical in the sector while financial and micro-economic risk group is contributing most significantly to the overall risk level in PPP-MHPs in Nigeria. The top 10 risk factors in the sector include availability of finance, high finance cost, the unstable value of the local currency, lack of creditworthiness, influential economic events (boom/recession), high bidding cost, poor financial market, financial attraction to project investors, interest rate volatility, inflation rate volatility, corruption and lack of respect for the law, non-involvement of the host community and poor execution of housing policies. The implication for practice is that having known the risk group contributing most significantly to the overall risk level in PPP-MHPs, adequate financial and budgetary allocation should be made available before embarking on such venture so as to sustain the scheme in the country. The study is one of the recent researches conducted on housing, since the procurement option is novel in the sector. The study is of immense value to PPP actors in providing necessary information required to formulate risk response methods in minimize the identified risk impact sector.

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Open Access April 27, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Adolescent Students’ Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Infections in Eastern Region Schools for the Deaf, Ghana

Frank Wisdom Kwasi Kloh, Emmanuel Djan, Felix Kudzo Mawuena, Frank Acheampong

Universal Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 2023, 3(1), 11-22. DOI: 10.31586/ujssh.2023.679

Abstract This study investigated adolescent students‟ knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in eastern region schools for the deaf in Ghana. A descriptive survey design was used for the study. The researchers used HIV- The knowledge Questionnaire to assess the knowledge of respondents on STIs. Stratified sampling and simple random sampling techniques were employed. Proportional representation [...] Read more.

This study investigated adolescent students‟ knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in eastern region schools for the deaf in Ghana. A descriptive survey design was used for the study. The researchers used HIV- The knowledge Questionnaire to assess the knowledge of respondents on STIs. Stratified sampling and simple random sampling techniques were employed. Proportional representation was used to select a sample of ninety-five (95) adolescent students with deafness from JHS2 and JHS3 between the ages of 13 and 24 years. Data were analyzed descriptively into frequencies and percentages. The results of the study indicated that the students knew of some of the types of STIs such as Gonorrhea, Syphilis, and HIV/AIDS. They, however, had inadequate knowledge of STIs such as Hepatitis B and Chlamydia.

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Open Access April 11, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Comparisons of COVID-19-infected healthcare staff between the BA.1.2-dominant period and the BA.5-dominant period

Fumitaka Kamoshita, Masafumi Seki, Makoto Ono, Chie Kubosawa, Satoko Kawaguchi, Haruka Karaushi, Noriyuki Watanabe, and Kotaro Mitsutake

Current Research in Public Health 2023, 3(1), 60-63. DOI: 10.31586/crph.2023.668

Abstract The initial omicron SARS-CoV-2 subvariants, BA.1 and BA.2 (BA.1.2), were progressively displaced by BA.5in Japan in 2022. In the BA.5-dominant period, there were significantly more healthcare staff infected by nosocomial contact with persons with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection than those infected by household contact, compared with the BA.1.2-dominant period. The staff infected via nosocomial [...] Read more.

The initial omicron SARS-CoV-2 subvariants, BA.1 and BA.2 (BA.1.2), were progressively displaced by BA.5in Japan in 2022. In the BA.5-dominant period, there were significantly more healthcare staff infected by nosocomial contact with persons with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection than those infected by household contact, compared with the BA.1.2-dominant period. The staff infected via nosocomial contact included non-patient-facing staff, in the BA.5-dominant period, although they did not become infected by SARS-CoV-2 through nosocomial contact in the BA.1.2-dominant period. These data suggest the importance of infection control and care for non-patient-facing staff, in the same way as for patient-facing staff.

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Open Access March 30, 2023 Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX

Pulsatile Blood Flow Simulation for Subject-Specific Geometry of a Human Aortic Arch

Zeba Shariff, M. Sivapragasam, Vinay M. D. Prabhu, R. Hariharan

International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering, Biological and Applied Computing 2023, 3(1), 1-19. DOI: 10.31586/ijmebac.2023.606

Abstract Pulsatile blood flow in a subject-specific human aortic arch and its major branches is studied computationally for a peak Reynolds number of 1553 and a Womersley number of 22.74. The aortic geometry is constructed from the CT-scan images of a subject. The aorta has out-of-plane curvature and significant area variation along the flow direction. A physiologically representative pulsatile velocity [...] Read more.

Pulsatile blood flow in a subject-specific human aortic arch and its major branches is studied computationally for a peak Reynolds number of 1553 and a Womersley number of 22.74. The aortic geometry is constructed from the CT-scan images of a subject. The aorta has out-of-plane curvature and significant area variation along the flow direction. A physiologically representative pulsatile velocity waveform is applied as boundary condition at the inlet of the aorta. The primary velocity profiles are skewed towards the inner wall of the ascending aorta during the entire cardiac cycle. In the decelerating phase, reverse flow is noted along the inner wall and the magnitude of maximum velocity is about 50 % of the peak flow condition. Flow separation is observed in the inner wall of the ascending aorta during the decelerating and reverse flow phases of the cardiac cycle. In the accelerating phase, however, flow separation does not occur. The major observation of the present work is the existence of complex and asymmetrical vortical flow structures which are not observed either in simple curved pipes or in idealized aortic arch computational studies. The relative strength of the secondary flow with respect to the primary flow is quantified by means of Relative Secondary Kinetic Energy whose highest value is evaluated to be 1.202 occurring near the entrance of the right carotid artery during the maximum reverse flow condition. High values of wall shear stress is observed at distal of the left and right subclavian arteries, the bifurcation of brachiocephalic artery between right subclavian artery and right carotid artery, and proximal inner wall of descending aorta during the cardiac cycle. The wall shear stress at the bifurcations of the branches are low and oscillatory and generally correlates with the preferential sites for atherosclerosis. The flow structures on the aorta wall are explicitly highlighted by the limiting streamlines. The application of limiting streamlines to clearly elucidate the complex on-wall flow structures is one of the key contributions of the present study. During the decelerating and reverse flow phases several critical points are observed on the aortic wall. These complex flow structures vanish during the accelerating phase. The observations made in the present study will be helpful in creating accurate and clinically useful computational models.

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Abstract We study different types of electoral systems in the world, their features, advantages and problems. Legal election technologies for manipulating election results and ways to detect and eliminate the influence of such technologies are also considered. In addition, some results related to so-called "fair elections" are considered.

We study different types of electoral systems in the world, their features, advantages and problems. Legal election technologies for manipulating election results and ways to detect and eliminate the influence of such technologies are also considered. In addition, some results related to so-called "fair elections" are considered.

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